比尔盖茨主题演讲微软发展英文版.docx

1、比尔盖茨主题演讲微软发展英文版Bill Gates Keynote: Microsoft TechEd 2008 DevelopersRemarks by Bill Gates, Chairman, Microsoft Microsoft TechEd 2008Orlando, Fla. June 3, 2008BILL GATES: Good morning and welcome to TechEd. This is the first year that we broke TechEd into two sections, the section this week, which is

2、just for developers, and a section next week, which is focused on IT.When we did that, we thought wed get about 4,000 developers to the conference, and so weve been very pleased that theres over 6,000 people signed up and attending the events this week. So, a huge response, a lot of exciting new thi

3、ngs that youre going to get a chance to see.I really enjoy coming to this conference because Im a developer. Writing code in new and better ways is really what drives the progress of our industry: the ability to develop new user interfaces, the ability to connect up to all the sites out there on the

4、 Web, the ability to let people view data in the way they want to view it.And development really is changing. The tools are getting better all the time.Today, were going to take a glimpse at the various aspects of that, and see what were doing, but, of course, the center of this conference is your o

5、pportunity to go to the breakouts and give us feedback and tell us what you like about what were doing, tell us what youd like to see us do differently. We really value the great interaction that takes place at this event.Well, for me this event is also a milestone. Its my last public speech as a fu

6、ll-time chairman of Microsoft. July 1 is when I make a change. Ill go from being full-time at Microsoft and part-time on the work of my foundation to doing it the other way around, full-time on the foundation and part-time with my Microsoft work.Now, thats the first time Ive really changed my career

7、 since I was 17 years old and just completely immersed in software and the unbelievable ways that software, together with the microprocessor, has created new things, including the personal computer itself and the entire Internet.So, I dont know what its going to be like. It will be a bit abrupt, and

8、 put me in new territory. So, some friends called me up and said that to help me get in the mindset of what it would be like theyd help me put together a video of my last day and making this switch. What we did here is we pulled together sort of a directors cut of this last day video with a fair num

9、ber of new things and some interesting things. So, it should be fun. Lets take a look at what my last day might be like.(Video segment.)Well, we had a lot of fun making that, and the whole transition that was announced two years ago is going very well, and there are some incredible people, a number

10、of whom will be on stage with me today, are stepping up to drive the technology work.Changes in Technology: Hardware and Software Advances Now, this work is more ambitious every year. Developers can write applications that were not possible before. Whats the reason for this? Well, theres really two

11、key things, one is the advance in hardware, and the second is the advance in the software platform. And we cant underestimate the important role that hardware improvement plays here. After all, we can add exponential improvement in the performance of the microprocessor itself. The increasing clock s

12、peed has allowed it to do applications that simply wouldnt have been possible in the past. The unbelievable amounts of storage we have today, meaning that databases that record every click for millions of customers, and get data mined for deep patterns, those are now feasible on fairly low-cost syst

13、ems. And so the sky is the limit in terms of empowering people, and writing very rich applications.The microprocessor has gone through a lot of changes. We went from the 16-bit processor with a meg of memory to the 286 that gave us a 24-bit memory space, then to the 386 with a 32-bit memory space, a

14、nd now were in the transition to 64-bit. And thats quite soon because that compatibility, the ability to run the existing applications is fairly straightforward, at the driver level we need a few changes, but this will be probably the simplest address space transition weve made.Looming after that, t

15、hough, is an even more interesting challenge, which is the clock speed will not increase at the same rate it has over the last 30 years. It will largely stay the same, and the additional performance will come from having multiple execution units. And so the need to take programs and break them down

16、into parallel execution units now becomes absolutely necessary to get the benefit of the exponential increase in transistors. We have an incredible amount of work at Microsoft to make the runtimes higher level, and to make it easy to take your code and write it in this parallel fashion. There will b

17、e a lot of discussion about this so-called multi-core revolution in how we make sure were all doing the best to take advantage of that.Beyond the microprocessor, we have the ubiquity of broadband, both through wireless, and wired connections, so that even sending high definition video is becoming ve

18、ry, very reasonable. We have the cloud services. Historically when we thought of the subroutine call, it was always on the same machine. But now with the pervasiveness of the Internet, and standards like the WS* standards, and runtimes, we also like Windows Communications Framework, the ability to c

19、all out the logic on another system that might be anywhere on the Internet is just like the subroutine call of old. And so leveraging services, leveraging code that other people have done becomes very straightforward. Calling into, say, Virtual Earth, where weve got all the maps, you can just have t

20、hat be a part of your program, and it looks just like calling some work that you did. So the whole style of programming the ability to do powerful things with less lines of code is improving quite substantially.Now one of the big changes coming that I think is most underestimated is the change in in

21、teraction. Throughout all these improvements, the way we interact with the computer has hardly changed. We had the graphics revolution that took us from the keyboard to the keyboard and the mouse, and it took the screen from character mode to graphics mode. But still its that one person sitting ther

22、e, primarily using the keyboard, and the pointing device to interact with the application.Theres a number of technologies that our research group and others have been working on for these decades that are now moving into the mainstream. Its a combination of software advances, and hardware power that

23、 allow us to bring new interaction techniques to a mainstream world. We collectively refer to these as natural user interface, but its several different things. Its the idea of touch panel, and we gave a glimpse just last week of some of Windows 7, and the thing we chose to highlight there was this

24、touch support, and how we built that in and made that easy for developers, and how end users will like that.Weve also got the pen capability that were taking to a whole new level in terms of easy recognition, and how that is implemented in the hardware. I think of every student having a device that

25、avoids the need for paper textbooks. The tablet device will let them take notes, record audio, connect to the Internet. It will be superior in every way, and yet it cant be purely keyboard based. It has to have this touch and pen as well.We also have the speech recognition. On the phone today, if yo

26、u call up information, that is a piece of software from a Microsoft group called TellMe thats taking those information calls, and were building up the database, the speech model, of people in general, and people specifically to allow that speech interaction to be very rich. And as so we look out ove

27、r the next decade, the way you interact with that cell phone, speech will be a major part of it.The final natural interface piece, one that I think is perhaps the most important of all, is vision. A camera is very inexpensive, and putting software behind it that can tell what its seeing allows you t

28、o have gestures, and movements, things that will be used in a variety of settings. We put out our Microsoft Surface product that actually uses a camera to project up onto a table surface, and there you can point with your hands, or put objects on the table, and the software sees them. Its being used

29、 in retail stores, and as that price comes down, that would be in every office, it will be in every home. Your desk wont just have a computer on it, it will have a computer in it. And your whiteboard will be intelligent. You can walk up, take information, expand it, point to somebodys name, start a

30、teleconference with them, sit there and exchange information. And so natural interface really has a pretty dramatic impact on making these tools of empowerment, the personal computer, making them pervasive, and looking at them in new ways.And so its very exciting that this decade is when those thing

31、s go from being really niche type things, to very much mainstream. And so building these things into the Windows platform, both on the phone, and on the PC, and having great tools for those will let you build these new kinds of applications.If you look at applications, I really envy people who are s

32、tarting today versus the early years of Microsoft. In those early days, you had to flip the switches, and there was no symbolic debugging, no performance analysis. Things have come a long way. The variety of languages that you can choose from, Visual Basic, which really evolved out of the very first Microsoft product, C#, F#, all these languages connecting in and sharing where appropriate in both the development and runtime environments. There is new concepts like the functional programming that will come along and perhaps be more interesting in this parallel environment that you can mix