英语综合一老师强调答案.docx

英语综合一老师强调答案.docx

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英语综合一老师强调答案

第一单元

2.Vocabulary

（1）d

（2）g（3）k（4）i（5）b（6）m（7）c（8）f（9）n（10）a

3.Paraphrase

（1）Untilnow,basiceconomicforceshavemademoreeffortsthanpoliticaleffortsto

makeglobalizationtrendslow.Effortstoopposetheeffectsofeconomicintegrationhaveextendedfromanti-globalizationproteststoCongressionaleffortstopreventAmericancompaniesfromestablishingnewcorporationsinforeigncountries.

（2）Somenationsaretreatingtaxcompetitionasauselessanddisadvantageousthing.

High-taxcountrieshaveurgedinternationalorganizations,suchastheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment（OECD）,toeasetaxcompetition.

（3）Andmanynationsareformulatingaseriesofcomplexrulesonbusinessessoastotrytokeepthemforminvestingabroad,insteadofreducingtaxburdenssothatbusinessesarewillingtoinvestathome.

（4）TheU.S.belongstothisgroupbecauseithasoneofthehighestcorporatetaxrates.Nevertheless,Americacontinuestoputoffreformingtaxpolicies,whichisexpectedforalongtime.

（5）Internationalinvestorshavebeenaffectedeasilybychangesanddifferencesbetweennationaltaxrateswhentheirinvestmentchoiceshaveincreased.

（6）Anothernoticeableissueisthatmanybusinessesusedtoinvestinforeigncountry

onlywanttotaketheopportunityforfixedresources,suchasoildeposits.Today,manyindustries-suchasfinanceandservices—arefreetoinvestandcansetupnewfirmsanywhere.

（7）Forexample,inrecentyearCanadianpolicymakershavetoconsideranimportantissuethatagroupofskilledandtalentedpeoplefromtechnologyindustriesinCanadahaveemigratetoitslower-taxsouthernneighbor,theU.S.

（8）Formanyyears,youngIrishpeoplewenttoAmericaorotherforeigncountriesto

lookforabetterlife.ButafterIrelandreducedindividualtaxandcorporatetax,thepatternofout-migrationturnedaroundcompletelyinthiscountry.

（9）Tokeeptheskilledlaborfromleavingtheirowncountrytoothercountries,

governmentshadtodirectspendingandtaxlevelstosatisfylocalresidents.InwhichcountryIndividualschosetoresideaccordingtotheirdemandforpublicgoodsrelativetolocaltaxlevels.

（10）IftheU.S.makesprogressintaxreform,othernationswouldprobablydoastheU.S.does,liketheydidwhentheU.S.reducedratesinthe1980s.

4.Cloze

（1）and

（2）understand（3）about（4）sides

（5）what（6）bad（7）nor（8）properly

（9）destroy（10）says（11）which（12）stronger

（13）behind（14）up（15）While（16）unique

（17）dark（18）benefits（19）from（20）rule

5.Translation

A.由于殖民地与许多海外地区的大量贸易,所有欧洲的重要商业国及其在西半球的附属国的金银铸币在北美东海岸都可以自由交易。

由于法律不允许英国货币从英国流向殖民地,相比之下,西班牙货币显得更加重要。

这些货币在墨西哥城几利马铸造,再流入西班牙殖民地。

西班牙币在殖民地被普遍使用,以至这种货币最终成为美国的货币单位。

虽然早在1652年马萨诸塞首先铸造低含金量的硬币,但殖民地最后转而用纸币来提高短缺且不可靠的货币供给。

著名人士的期票与签发给英国商人的汇票在几个月内就能顺利转手。

此外,各殖民地的财政部门开始在税收前签发期票,同时向城镇官员下达书面命令,要求当地店铺履行付款义务,如其他可转让的单据一样,这些票据经签注后可作为货币进行交换。

B.

（1）WithChina’ssuccessfulentryintotheWTO,state-ownedbanksarefacedwith

moreandmorepressure.Thebigbankintendstomergewithtwosmallbankssoastoquicklysolvetheproblemofcapitalsufficiencyandenlargeitsscale.

（2）Becauseoftherecessionaryeffectonglobaleconomyandinflation,manysmallbusinessesinthiscityhavegonebankruptorhavebeenswallowedupbygiantcorporations.Itleadstoalargenumberofworkersfacingunemployment.

（3）Hedidn’tmarryher,becausehethoughtthatalthoughsympathywascloselyakintolove,theywerestilldifferent.Whathehopedwasmarryforlove,notfor

sympathy.

（4）Web-basedtrainingandlearningseemstobeaperfectwaytoreachahugepoolofpotentialstudents,aswellascurtailthehighinfrastructureandpersonnelcostsoftraditionalschooling.

（5）Withthedevelopmentofthistown’seconomy,localgovernmentintendstotailorafirst-classnursinghomefortheneedsoftheelderly.

（6）Thederegulationoffinancialmarketstakenbygovernmentisveryhelpfulto

economicalglobalization,but,atthesametime,itbringssomeunpleasantinfluencesondomesticeconomy.

（7）Iwishmyyoungerbrotherwoulddesistfromplayingnetworkgamesallday,

otherwisehewouldhavetodiscontinuehisstudies.

（8）Oneshopbegantoprolongthebusinesshours,andallothershopsalongthesame

streetfollowedsuit.

（9）FollowingthedramaticcurrencydepreciationsinmanyEastAsianeconomiesin

1997,thesecountriessufferedsharpandlingeringrecessions.Thisoutcomerunscountertothenotionthatdepreciationsoughttoboostoutputbecausetheymakedomesticallyproducedgoodscheaper.

6.Writing

Globalization:

OneGoodWayforTheWorld’sPoor

Globalizationisapositivesystem.Itisanopportunityforallwhodreamtomaketheirinnerpersonalenergyandmentalacumentochangetheworld.Itisalsoasystemthatmakestheworldwellinterconnectedmachinerythatoperatesefficientlytoproducemore.

Globalizationhashelpedreducepovertyinalargenumberofdeveloping

countriesbutitmustbeharnessedbettertohelptheworld’spoorest,mostmarginalizedcountriesimprovethelivesoftheircitizens

Theeasiestwaytohelptheworld’spoorisfortheUSandEuropetostopprotectingdomesticindustries,particularlyagriculture.Freetradewiththedevelopingworldprovidesmarketsforthepoortoselltheirgoodsandearnanincome.Internationalfreetradeandcompetitioninducecountriesandcompaniestospecializeinproducingthosegoodsatwhichtheyaremosteffective,thatgivethemthemostoutputfortheiravailableinputs.Andfreemarketsdispersepower.Castrostiflesmarketsbecausetheyreducethecontrolofgovernmentsovercitizens.BigSteellobbiesfortariffsbecauseitdoesn’tlikecompetition.Competitionbenefitsconsumers,notcorporations.Thisleadstotheefficientuseoftheworld’sland,timber,minerals,andothernaturalresources.Incontrast,closed,centrally

plannedeconomiesarenotoriouslywasteful,producingonlypoverty,oppression,andecologicaldisasters.Globalizationmodernizesruralareas.Thatis,ruralfirmshaveabetterchancetoemerge,expand,andsucceedinanopeneconomy,speedingruralincomegrowth.Inoneword,globalizationisagoodwaybutnotabestwayfortheworld’spoor,butitisreallydoessomuchcontributionstoourworld.

第二单元

2.Vocabulary

（1）splashed

（2）comply（3）offset（4）concessions（5）pledged

（6）prohibitive（7）Astoundingly（8）undermined（9）deluded（10）tumbled

3.Paraphrase

（1）Aftermanyyearsofwarmingfrompeoplewhoareconcernedabouttheprotectionofenvironment,groupsofinfluentialpeopleinscienceandpoliticsinmostcountrieshadfinallybegantorealizetheseverechangesofclimate.

（2）TheanalysisoftheIPCCscientistswasrepeatedbyanumberofotherscientific

groups,andevenbytheBritishandAmericangovernment.

（3）Actually,wemightbewisertokeepacleanrecordthanaweakclimateagreementmadeearlier.

（4）Withoutchangingoureconomics,theactiontakenbyuswillbejustsuperficial,notenoughtodiverttheworseningsituation.

（5）Ourgovernment,similartoitspredecessors,insiststhatincreasedglobaltradebe

naturallybeneficial.

（6）Increasedglobaltradehasnotonlyweakenedthelocaleconomiesgradually,butalsoledtothesituationwhereeachmouthfuloffoodinvolvestheconsumptionofgallonsoffuels.

（7）Surprisingly,somepeoplestilldeclarethatclimateisimaginaryandimpossible—andthat,evenifitispossible,thecostsofchangingthesituationwillpreventusfromtakingaction.

（8）Thereisnonegativeeffecttotakeactiontopreventclimatechange.

4.Cloze

（1）committing

（2）combat（3）issued（4）reduce

（5）withdrawal（6）ratified（7）accounted（8）emissions

（9）participation（10）implemented（11）reached（12）proceed

（13）secure（14）concessions（15）original（16）option

（17）pressure（18）unanimous（19）revised（20）greenhouse

5.Translation

A.

（1）并非所有的地区都会经历气候变暖的情况。

有些地区会变得更热更干燥,而另外一些地区则会遭遇较冷的天气。

全球变暖产生的预期结果包括极地冰盖融化,海洋沿线地区被淹,剧烈的暴风雨,降雨模式的改变,以及现有生态平衡的广泛变化等等。

根据现有的模式,估计下个世纪全球海平面将上升15～95厘米。

这足以将全球1/3人口的家园淹没。

由于像蚊子这类传播疾病的昆虫的栖息地的扩大,传染性疾病的数目也将日益上升。

许多物种也许无法适应如此剧烈的气候变化而最终灭绝。

（2）然而,一切都考虑到了之后,那个真正能够解决气候危机的长期方法却被所有的领导人忽视了。

倘若不调整我们的经济,我们所做的一切努力就如同即将垂死的朽树上的个别绿叶。

我们的政府,和它们的前任一样,坚持认为持续增长的全球贸易是理所当然的一件好事。

因此,政府给予了无数直接或间接的资助。

这些资助只能使那些生产远距离出口商品的大公司获益。

B.

（1）Astotheclimatecrisis,wearebetteroffwithacleanslatethanaweakproposal.

Becauseoncetheproposalismade,politicianswillclosetheclimatechapterforsometime.

（2）She’scottonedonthatherconstantstomachachewascausedbythebacononofferlastweekatthelocalmarket.

（3）Thatsuperstardescendedonasmallcostaltown,whichwassplashedacrossthe

frontpageofthelocalnewspaper.

（4）Itseemedfrustratingthathislast-ditchefforttowinaplaceinhebusinessworld

collapsed.Butitwasalsoforthebest.Fromthelongterm,hecouldlearnalot.

（5）Parentslavishtheirloveandcareontheirchildren.However,whentheybecome

old,someofthemarecondemnedtolivealone.

（6）Thepresentpoliticalleadersofourcountry,inlinewiththeirpredecessors,were

weddedtothebeliefthatweshouldnotretreatintheactionagainstcorruption.

（7）Theschooldropoutsinpoverty-strickenareascamebacktoschoolbycourtesyofthesubsidiesfromgovernmentanddonationsfromthekindpeople.

（8）Undertheeffectiveorganizationofthelocalgovernment,thedamagecausedbythefloodhasbeenwatereddowntotheminimum.

（9）Superpowerforgeaheadineconomicdevelopmen