英语四级阅读模拟练习题及答案.docx

英语四级阅读模拟练习题及答案.docx

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英语四级阅读模拟练习题及答案

2015年6月英语四级阅读模拟练习题及答案

PartIVReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

　　AndrewCarnegie,knownastheKingofSteel,builtthesteelindustryintheUnitedStates.Andinthisprocess,hebecameoneofthe（47）meninAmerica.Hissuccessresultedinpartfromhisabilitytoselltheproductandinpartfromhispolicyof（48）duringperiodsofeconomicdecline,whenmostofhiscompetitorswerereducingtheir（49）.

　　Carnegiebelievedthatindividualsshouldprogressthroughhardwork,buthealsofeltstronglythatthewealthyshouldusetheir（50）forthebenefitofsociety.Heopposedcharity,（51）insteadtoprovideeducationalopportunitiesthatwouldallowothersto（52）themselves.

　　Amonghismore（53）contributionstosocietyarethosethatbearhisname,includingtheCarnegieInstituteofPittsburgh,whichhasalibrary,amuseumoffinearts,andamuseumofnationalhistory.Healsofoundedaschooloftechnologythatis（54）partofCarnegie-MellonUniversity.OtherphilanthropicgiftsaretheCarnegieEndowmentforInternationalPeaceto（55）understandingbetweennations,andtheCarnegieInstituteofWashingtontofundscientificresearch.

　　Thereare（56）AmericanswhohavebeenleftuntouchedbyAndrewCarnegie'sgenerosity.Hiscontributionsofmorethanfivemilliondollarsestablished2,500librariesinsmallcommunitiesthroughoutthecountryandformedthenucleusofthepubliclibrarysystemthatweallenjoytoday.

　　A）preferring

　　B）presently

　　C）wealthiest

　　D）previously

　　E）few

　　F）investments

　　G）fortune

　　H）expanding

　　I）noteworthy

　　J）promote

　　K）help

　　L）shrinking

　　M）opting

　　N）obstruct

　　O）many

　　SectionB

　　Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A]、[B]、[C]and[D].YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

　　PassageOne

　　ExaminationshavealongerhistoryinChinathaninanyothercountry,yetitistodayanissuearoundinwhichcontroversyflourishes.Ateachstageoftheirschoolliveschildrenarefacedwithexams:

examstoenterjuniormiddleschool,seniormiddleschool,vocationalschool,collegesanduniversities.Asaresultofhavingconstantlytothinkofthesehurdlesfacingthemchildrenfindthemselvesunderconstantpressure,unabletotaketimeofffromstudyingexam-orientedsubjectstorelaxwithfriendsortodevelopotherinterests.Withinschooltheconcentrationonexamsuccessleadstotheneglectofcourseswhicharenotcentraltotheexaminationsandamethodofteachingandlearningwhichemphasizestrainingtheabilitytodowellintestsbutneglectsdevelopingtheabilitytothinkcreatively.

　　Despitesuchcriticismstheexaminationsystemstillhasitsdefenders.Withoutit,theyargue,howcanweteststudents'abilitiesandevaluatetheeffectivenessofteachersandschools?

Theybelievethattheyprovidetheonlyobjectivewayofselectingstudentsandreducetheexerciseofunfairback-doorpracticestogainadvantageforchildrenonthebasisofinfluenceorcorruption.Examinationsarealsofelttooffertheimpetustostudentstomastertheirsubjectinawayinwhichtheyotherwisemightnot."Whiletoomuchanxietycanbeabadthing,alittleanxietycanstimulatestudentstolearnbetterthanifleftwithoutanytesttopass,"saysLiJie,aleadingadvocateofthevalueoftesting."IcanrememberthingsnowwhichgivemegreatpleasurewhichIdoubtIwouldhavelearnedatthetimeifIhadnothadtodosofortheexaminations."

　　57.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutexaminationsinChinaiscorrect?

　　[A]Peoplecanmakemoneyoutofexaminations.

　　[B]Onlystudentsoftodayhavetotakeexaminations.

　　[C]Studentshavetolearnmoreabouthistorythanaboutanyothersubjects.

　　[D]Peoplehavedifferentopinionsconcerningthevalueofexaminations.

　　58.Whatisapossibleresultifstudentspaytoomuchattentiontoexaminations?

　　[A]Studentsneglectthoseexam-orientedsubjects.

　　[B]Studentsareunabletorelaxwithfriendsortodevelopotherinterests.

　　[C]Teachersneglectthetrainingofthestudents'abilitytodowellintests.

　　[D]Studentsonlypayattentiontothedevelopmentoftheirabilitytothinkcreatively.

　　59.WhichofthefollowinghasNOTbeenmentionedastheadvantageofexaminations?

　　[A]Examinationsaretheonlyobjectivewayofselectingstudents.

　　[B]Examinationsaretheonlyobjectivewaytoeliminatetheproblemofcorruption.

　　[C]Examinationscantellusthattoomuchanxietycanbeabadthing.

　　[D]Examinationscanbetterstimulatestudentstostudy.

　　60.Accordingtothepassage,whyaresomepeopleagainstexams?

　　[A]Theyaremeaningless.[B]Theywillmakestudentslearnsomethinguseless.

[C]Theyarebelievedtocausestressforthestudents.

[D]Theyarenotrelatedtotherealityoflife.

　　61.Whichofthefollowingisanacceptablesummaryoftheorganizationofthispassage?

[A]Discussingaproblemineducation.

[B]Refutingalongheldopinion.

[C]Persuadingpeopletobelieveanidea.

[D]Presentingacontroversialissueandargumentsfrombothsides.

PassageTwo

　　Anopinionpollwasconductedintheearly1990'stoascertaintheculturalattitudesofresidentsoffivecountriesinWesternEurope（Britain,France,Italy,SpainandGermany）.Onethousandpeople,formingarepresentativesampleoftheadultpopulation,fromeachofthefiveparticipatingcountrieswereinterviewed.Theresultsofthepollsuggestthatthoughthereisgeneralagreementthatculturecanbedefinedasadistinctpartoflife,therearecleardifferencesintheviewsofvariousEuropeannations.

　　Thepollassumedthatliterature,history,science,thearts,law,economicsandsoonwouldberegardedassignificantcomponentsofculturebyallparticipantsbutitsetouttoexaminetheareaswhichtheydeemedthemostimportantformsofculturalexpression.Inaddition,thepollrequiredintervieweestoindicateinaquestionnairethetypeofeducationtheyconsideredmostappropriateforthemodemworld,thebestchannelsofknowledgeandtheartstheymostvalued.TheintervieweeswerealsoaskedwhichEuropeancountriestheyfoundmostattractivefromaculturalpointofview.

　　Theresultsofthepollshowinterestingdifferencesbetweentheparticipatingnationsintermsofwhichcomponentsofculturetheyregardasmostimportantformsofculturalexpression.FortheFrenchandItalians,literaturecomeswellatthetopofthelist.Incontrast,mathematicsisgivenprioritybytheBritishandeconomics/politicsbytheGermans.HistoryoccupiessecondplacefortheFrench,theItaliansandGermansbutisgivenverylowprioritybytheBritish.FortheSpanishthesefourareasaremoreorlessequal,withmathematicshavingaslightedge.

　　Itseemsthatmembersofeachcountryinthesurveyhaveacommondefinitionofculturebutthatdefinitionvariesfromcountrytocountry.Thevariationstendtosupportthenationalstereotypeswehaveofoneanother.TheFrenchandItaliansareliterarypeoples,theBritishscientificandtheGermanspracticalandhard-working.

　　Francehasthedistinction,accordingtotheresultsofthepoll,ofbeingthecountrywhichprovokesmostinterestfromitsBritish,ItalianandGermanneighbors.SpanishintervieweesindicatedmoreinterestinItalythaninFrance.TheFrenchalsoplacedItalyfirst.ItalyoccupiessecondplaceforboththeBritishandtheGermans.Itwouldseem,then,thatthe"literary"nationsofFranceandItalyaremoreculturallyexcitingthanthescientificBritishorthepracticalGermans!

　　TheviewofeducationinthefivecountriesisparticularlyilluminatinginviewofthehighculturalprioritygiventoliteraturebybothItalyandFrancebecausethereisgeneralagreementamongthemajorityofthe5,000intervieweesthatschoolingshouldprovidescientificandtechnicaleducationratherthanattempttoinculcateliteraryandartisticculture.

　　Theresidentsofthefivecountriesofthesurveysharetheviewthatbooksarethebestwayofbroadeningknowledge.TheFrench,Germans,andItaliansidentifyradioandtelevisionasthesecondbestmeansofimprovingknowledgebutfortheBritishandSpanishtravelisinsecondplaceandconversationanddiscussioninthirdplace.Thepollconfirmsthat,thoughtherearebroadsimilaritiesamongthenationssurveyed,theBritish,French,Italians,SpanishandGermansdonotshareidenticalculturalpreferencesandclassifications.Thereare,itwouldseem,specificnationalcharacteristics.

　　62.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

　　[A]Itisaboutpeople'spreferenceinsparetime.

　　[B]Itisaboutapollinterviewingpeople'sculturalattitudes.

　　[C]Itisaboutapollinvestigatingpeople'sviewtowardtheirneighboringcountries.

　　[D]Itisabouteditorialcriticizingculturesindifferentcountries.

　　63.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthequestionsdirectedtotheinterviewees?

　　[A]Doyouthinkliterature,history,science,thearts,law,economicsandsoonshouldberegardedassignificantcomponentsofculture?

　　[B]Whatkindofeducationismostappropriat