职称英语考试理工A类考试试题及答案.docx

职称英语考试理工A类考试试题及答案.docx

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职称英语考试理工A类考试试题及答案

2010年全国职称英语理工类（A级）考试真题及答案

　　第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1．Ican'tputupwithmyneighbor'snoiseanylonger，it'Sdrivingmemad．

　　A．tolerateB．generateC．reduceD．mensure

　　2．Regularvisitsfromasocialworkercanbeofimmensevaluetooldpeoplelivingalone．

　　A．equalB．immediateC．moderateD．great

　　3．Hewasrathervagueaboutthereasonswhyheneverfinishedschool．

　　A．brightB．unclearC．generalD．bad

　　4．Iwanttoprovidemyboyswithadecenteducation．

　　A．specialB．privateC．generalD．good

　　5．Sleepstairscanpresentaparticularhazardtoolderpeople．

　　A．pictureB．dangerC．evidenceD．case

　　6．Ourarrangementswerethrownintocompleteturmoil．

　　A．doubtB．reliefC．failureD．confusion

　　7．Patriciastaredattheothergirlswithresentment．

　　A．loveB．surpriseC．angerD．doubt

　　8．Yourdogneedsatleast20minutesofvigorousexerciseeveryday．

　　A．energeticB．freeC．physicalD．regular

　　9．Ienjoyedtheplay-ithadacleverplotandveryfunnydialogues．

　　A．boringB．originalC．humorousD．long

　　10．Lowertaxeswouldspurinvestmentandhelpeconomicgrowth．

　　A．attractB．spendC．encourageD．require

　　11．Hedemolishedmyargumentinminutes．

　　A．supportedB．disprovedC．disputedD．accepted

　　12．Thetwobankshaveannouncedplanstomergenextyear．

　　A．closeB．sellC．breakD．combine

　　13．Herfatherwasaquietmanwithgracefulmanners．

　　A．politeB．usualC．badD．similar

　　14．Theprojectrequiredtenyearsofdiligentresearch．

　　A．hardworkingB．socialC．basicD．scientific

　　15．Hewaskeptinappallingconditionsinprison．

　A．necessaryB．terribleC．criticalD．normal

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

CaliforniaGivesGreenLighttoSpaceSolarPower

　　Energybeameddownfromspaceisonestepclosertoreality，nowthatCaliforniahasgiventhegreenlighttoanagreementthatwouldseethePacificGasandElectricCompanybuy200megawatt（兆瓦）ofpowerbeameddownfromsolar-powersatellitesbeginningin2016．Butsomemajorchallengeswillhavetobeovercomedifthetechnologyistobeusedwidely．

　　Astart-upcompanycalledSolarenisdesigningthesatellites，whichitsayswilluseradiowavestobeamenergydowntoareceivingstationonEarth．

　　Theattractionofcollectingsolarpowerinspaceisthealmostuninterruptedsunshineavailableineosynchronous（与地球同步的）orbit．Earth-basedsolarcells，bycontrast，canonlycollectsun．

　　Lightduringdaytimeandwhenskiesareclear．

　　Butspace-basedsolarpowermustgrapple（努力克服）withthehighcostperkilogramoflaunchingthingsintospace，saysRichardSchwartzofPurdueUniversityinWestLafayette，Indiana，"Ifyou'retalkingaboutitbeingeconomicallyviableorpoweroftheEarth，it'satoughgo．"hesays.

　　CalBoerman，Solaren'sdirectorofenergyservices，saysthecompanydesigneditssatelliteswithaviewtokeepinglaunchcostsdown．"Weknewwehadtocomeupwithadifferent，revolu-tionarydesign，"hesays．Apatentthecompanyhaswondescribeswaystoreducethesystem'Sweight，includingusinginflatableminorstofocussunlightonsolarcells，soasmallernumbercancollectthesameamountofenergy．

　　ButusingminorsintroducesotherchaHenges，includingkeepingthesolarcellsfromoverhea-ting，saysSchwartz．"Youhavetotakecareofheatdissipation（散发）becauseyou'renowconcen-tratingalotofenergyinoneplace，"hesays．Accordingtothecompany'spatent，Solaren'ssolarcellswillbeconnectedtoradiatorstohelpkeepthemcool．

　　ThoughBoermansaysthecompanybelievesitcanmakespace-basedsolarpowerwork，itisnotexpectingtocrowdoutotherformsofrenewableenergy．LawsinCaliforniaandotherstatesrequireincreasinguseofrenewableenergyincomingyears，hepointsout．"Tomeetthoseneeds，we'rego-ingtoneedalltypesofrenewableenergysources，"hesays．

　　16．Solar-powersatelliteswilluseradiowavestobeamenergydownfromspace．

A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned

　　17．Solarenisgoingtodesign200solar-powersatellites．

A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned

　　18．Space-basedsolarcellscouldcollectsolarpoweronlywhenskiesareclear．

A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned

　　19．Oneadvantageofspace-basedsolarpowersystemisthatitiseconomical．

A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned

　　20．Inflatableminorsareusedtoreducethespace-basedsolarpowersystem．

A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned

　　21．Space-basedsolarpowerwillruleoutotherformsofrenewableenergysources．

A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned

　　22．Manycountrieswillgrantpermissionfortheuseofspaced-basedsolarpowersoon．

A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned

　　第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

　　NaturalGas

　　1Naturalgasisproducedfromreservoirsdeepbeneaththeearth'ssurface．Itisafossilfuel（矿物质燃料），meaningthatitisderivedfromorganicmaterialburiedintheearthmillionsofyearsago．Themaincomponentofnaturalgasismethane（甲烷）．

　　2Thepopularityanduseofcleannaturalgashasincreaseddramaticallyoverthepast50yearsaspipelineinfrastructure（基础设施）hasbeeninstalledtodeliveritconvenientlyandeconomicallytomillionsofresidential，commercialandindustrialcustomersworldwide．Today，naturalgasserviceisavailableinall50statesintheU．S．，andistheleadingenergychoiceforfuelingAmericanhomesandidustries。

Morethan65millionAmericanhomesusenaturalgas．Infact，naturalgasisthemosteconomicalsourceforhomeenergyneeds，costingone-thirdasmuchaselectricity．Inaddi-tiontoheatinghomes，muchofthegasusedintheUnitedStatesisusedasarawmaterialtomanu-factureawidevarietyofproducts，frompaint，tofibersforclothing，toplasticsforheahhcare，con-putingandfurnishings．Naturalgasisalsousedinasignificantnumberofnewelectricity-generatingpowerplants．

　　3Naturalgasisoneofthesafestandcleanestfuelsavailable．Itemitslesspollutionthanoth-erfossilfuelsources．Whennaturalgasisburned，itproducesmostlycarbondioxide（二氧化碳）andwatervapor-thesamesubstancesemittedwhenhumansexhale．Comparedwithsomeotherfos-silfuels，naturalgasemitstheleastamountofcarbondioxideintotheairwhencombusted（燃烧），makingnaturalgasthecleanestburningfossilfuelofa11．

　　4TheUnitedStatesconsumesaboutone-thirdoftheworld'Snaturalgasoutput，makingitthelargestgas-consumingregionintheworld．TheU．S．DepartmentofEnergy'SEnergyInformationAd-ministrationforecaststhatnaturalgasdemandwillgrowbymorethan50percentby2025．

　　5Therearehugereservesofnaturalgasbeneaththeearth'ssurface．ThelargestreservesofnaturalgascanbefoundinRussia，WestandNorthAfricaandtheMiddleEast．LNG（液化天然气）hasbeenproduceddomesticallyandimportedintheUnitedStatesformorethanfourdecades．

　　Today，theleadingimportesofLNGareJapan，Korea，FranceandSpain．

　　23．Paragraph2_________．

　　24．Paragraph3________．

　　25．Paragraph4_________.

　　26．Paragraph5________．

　　A．Popularityanduseofnaturalgas

　　B．Naturalgasreservesandsupply

　　C．Naturalgasprices

　　D．Cleanfuelofchoice

　　E．Disadvantagesofnaturalgas

　　F．Naturalgasconsumption

　　27．Naturalgasisstoreddeep________．

　　28．Naturalgasisrecognizedasthemosteconomicalenergysource_________．

　　29．Whenmanufacturingmanyproducts，peoplecommonlyusenaturalgas____________．

　　30．Itisestimatedthatby2025thatnaturalgasdemandintheUnitedStateswillincrease_________．

　　A．overthepast50years

　　B．beneaththeearthsurface

　　C．bymorethan50percent

　　D．formorethanfourdecades

　　E．asarawmaterial

F．forhomeenergyneeds

　　第4部分：

阅读理解（第3l～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇

　　HowtheFirstStarsintheUniverseCameintoExistence

　　Howthefirststarsformedfromthisdustandgashasbeenaburningquestionforyears，butastate-of-the-artcomputersimulationnowoffersthemostdetailedpictureyetofhowthesefirststarsintheuniversecameintoexistence，researcherssay．

　　Thecompositionoftheearlyuniversewasquitedifferentfromthatoftoday，andthephysicsthatgovernedtheearlyuniversewerealsosomewhatsimpler．Dr．NaokiYoshidaandcolleaguesinJapanandtheU．S．incorporatedtheseconditionsoftheearlyuniverse，sometimesreferredtoasthe"cosmicdarkages，"tosimulatetheformationofanastronomicalobjectthatwouldeventuallyshineitslightintothisdarkness．

　　Theresultisadetaileddescriptionoftheformationofaprotostar-theearlystageofamassiveprimordialstarofouruniverse，andtheresearchers'computersimulation，whichhasbeencalleda"cosmicRosettaStone．"setsthebarforfurtherinvestigationintothestarformationprocess．Thequestionofhowthefirststarsevolvedissoimportantbecausetheirformationsandeventualexplo-sionsprovidedtheseedsforsubsequentstarstocomeintobeing．

　　Accordingtotheirsimulation，gravityactedonminutedensityvariationsinmatter，gases，andthemysterious"darkmatter''oftheuniverseaftertheBigBanginordertoformthisearlystageofastar-aprotostarwithamassofjustonepercentofoursun．Thesimulationrevealshowpre-stellargaseswouldhaveactuallyevolvedunderthesimplerphysicsoftheearlyuniversetoformthisprotostar．

　　Dr．Yoshida'ssimulationalsoshowsthattheprotostarwouldlikelyevolveintoamassivestarcapableofsynthesizingheavyelements，notjustinlatergenerationsofstars，butsoonaftertheBigBang．

　　"Thisgenealpictureofstarformation，andthe