福建师范大学18年课程考试《高级英语阅读一》作业考核试题.docx

福建师范大学18年课程考试《高级英语阅读一》作业考核试题.docx

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福建师范大学18年课程考试《高级英语阅读一》作业考核试题

《高级英语阅读

（一）》期末考核题

（请把答案打印在第二页答案卷上）

I翻译以下句子：

（出自教材《高级英语阅读一》第48页，第4课TextA）

Allstress,positiveornegative,stimulatesabasicbiologicalreactioncalledfightorflight.Thisisahormonallystimulatedstateofarousalthatpreparesyoutofacewhateverchallengeisathand,beityourdaughter'swedding,ajobinterview,anargumentwithyourspouse,ortheassaultofawould-bemugger.

IIReadLesson9，TextA“ShootinganElephant”（教材第125-127页），answerthefollowingquestions

ShootinganElephant

ByGeorgeOrwell

Onedaysomethinghappenedwhichinaroundaboutwaywasenlightening.Itwasatinyincidentinitself,butitgavemeabetterglimpsethanIhadhadbeforeoftherealnatureofimperialism—therealmotivesforwhichdespoticgovernmentsact.Earlyonemorningthesub-inspectoratapolicestationontheotherendoftownrangmeuponthephoneandsaidthatanelephantwasravagingthebazaar,WouldIpleasecomeanddosomethingaboutit?

IdidnotknowwhatIcoulddo,butIwantedtoseewhatwashappeningandIgotonaponyandstartedout.Itookmyrifle,anold.44Winchesterandmuchtoosmalltokillanelephant,butIthoughtthenoisemightbeusefulinterrorem.VariousBurmansstoppedmeonthewayandtoldmeabouttheelephant'sdoings,itwasnot,ofcourse,awildelephant,butatameonewhichhadgone"must."Ithadbeenchainedup,astameelephantsalwaysarewhentheirattackof"must"isdue,butonthepreviousnightithadbrokenitschainandescaped.Itsmahout,theonlypersonwhocouldmanageitwhenitwasinthatstate,hadsetoutinpursuit,buthadtakenthewrongdirectionandwasnowtwelvehours'journeyaway,andinthemorningtheelephanthadsuddenlyreappearedinthetown.TheBurmesepopulationhadnoweaponsandwerequitehelplessagainstit.Ithadalreadydestroyedsomebody'sbamboohut,killedacowandraidedsomefruit-stallsanddevouredthestock;alsoithadmetthemunicipalrubbishvanand,whenthedriverjumpedoutandtooktohisheels,hadturnedthevanoverandinflictedviolenceuponit.

TheBurmesesub-inspectorandsomeIndianconstableswerewaitingformeinthequarterwheretheelephanthadbeenseen.Itwasaverypoorquarter,alabyrinthofsqualidbamboohuts,thatchedwithpalm-leaf,windingalloverasteephillside.Irememberthatitwasacloudy,stuffymorningatthebeginningoftherains...Therewasaloud,scandalizedcryof"Goaway,child!

Goawaythisinstant!

"andanoldwomanwithaswitchinherhandcameroundthecornerofahut,violentlyshooingawayacrowdofnakedchildren.Somemorewomenfollowed,clickingtheirtonguesandexclaiming;evidentlytherewassomethingthatthechildrenoughtnottohaveseen.Iroundedthehutandsawaman'sdeadbodysprawlinginthemud.HewasanIndian,ablackDravidiancoolie,almostnaked,andhecouldnothavebeendeadmanyminutes.Thepeoplesaidthattheelephanthadcomesuddenlyuponhimroundthecornerofthehut,caughthimwithitstrunk,putitsfootonhisbackandgroundhimintotheearth...AssoonasIsawthedeadmanIsentanorderlytoafriend'shousenearbytoborrowanelephantrifle.

Theorderlycamebackinafewminuteswitharifleandfivecartridges,andmean-whilesomeBurmanshadarrivedandtoldusthattheelephantwasinthepaddyfieldsbelow,onlyafewhundredyardsaway.AsIstartedforwardpracticallythewholepopulationofthequarterflockedoutofthehousesandfollowedme.TheyhadseentherifleandwereallshoutingexcitedlythatIwasgoingtoshoottheelephant.Theyhadnotshownmuchinterestintheelephantwhenhewasmerelyravagingtheirhomes,butitwasdifferentnowthathewasgoingtobeshot.Itwasabitoffuntothem,asitwouldbetoanEnglishcrowd;besidestheywantedthemeat.Itmademevaguelyuneasy.IhadnointentionofshootingtheelephantIhadmerelysentfortherifletodefendmyselfifnecessarywanditisalwaysunnervingtohaveacrowdfollowingyou.Imarcheddownthehill,lookingandfeelingafool,withtherifleovermyshoulderandanever-growingarmyofpeoplejostlingatmyheels.Atthebottom,theelephantwasstandingeightyardsfromtheroad,hisleftsidetowardsus.Hetooknottheslightestnoticeofthecrowd'sapproach.Hewastearingupbunchesofgrass,beatingthemagainsthiskneestocleanthemandstuffingthemintohismouth.

Ihadhaltedontheroad.AssoonasIsawtheelephantIknewwithperfectcertaintythatIoughtnottoshoothim.Itisaseriousmattertoshootaworkingelephantitiscomparabletodestroyingahugeandcostlypieceofmachinerymandobviouslyoneoughtnottodoitifitcanpossiblybeavoided.Andatthatdistance,peacefullyeating,theelephantlookednomoredangerousthanacow.IthoughtthenandIthinknowthathisattackof"must"wasalreadypassingoff;inwhichcasehewouldmerelywanderharmlesslyaboutuntilthemahoutcamebackandcaughthim.Moreover,Ididnotintheleastwanttoshoothim.IdecidedthatIwouldwatchhimforalittlewhiletomakesurethathedidnotturnsavageagain,andthengohome.

Butatthatmoment,Iglancedroundatthecrowdthathadfollowedme.Itwasanimmensecrowd,twothousandattheleastandgrowingeveryminute.Itblockedtheroadforalongdistanceoneitherside.Ilookedattheseaofyellowfacesabovethegarishclothes—facesallhappyandexcitedoverthisbitoffun,allcertainthattheelephantwasgoingtobeshot.Theywerewatchingmeastheywouldwatchaconjurorabouttoperformatrick.Theydidnotlikeme,butwiththemagicalrifleinmyhandsIwasmomentarilyworthwatching.AndsuddenlyIrealizedthatIshouldhavetoshoottheelephantafterall.ThepeopleexpecteditofmeandIhadgottodoit;Icouldfeeltheirtwothousandwillspressingmeforward,irresistibly.Anditwasatthismoment,asIstoodtherewiththerifleinmyhands,thatIfirstgraspedthehollowness,thefutilityofthewhiteman'sdominionintheEast.HerewasI,thewhitemanwithhisgun,standinginfrontoftheunarmednativecrowd—seeminglytheleadingac-torofthepiece;butinrealityIwasonlyanabsurdpuppetpushedtoandfrobythe,Milofthoseyellowfacesbehind.Iperceivedinthismomentthatwhenthewhitemanturnstyrantitishisownfreedomthathedestroys.Hebecomesasortofhollow,posingdummy,theconventionalizedfigureofasahib.Foritistheconditionofhisrulethatheshallspendhistireintryingtoimpressthe"natives,"andsoineverycrisishehasgottodowhatthe"natives"expectofhim.Hewearsamask,andhisfacegrowstofitit.Ihadgottoshoottheelephant.Ihadcommittedmyselftodoingitwhen1sentfortherifle.Asahibhasgottoactlikeasahib;hehasgottoappearresolute,toknowhisownmindanddodefinitethings.Tocomeallthatway,rifleinhand,withtwothousandpeoplemarchingatmyheels,andthentotrailfeeblyaway,havingdonenothing—no,thatwasimpossible.Thecrowdwouldlaughatme.Andmywholelife,everywhiteman'slifeintheEast,wasonelongstrugglenottobelaughedat.

ItwasperfectlycleartomewhatIoughttodo.Ioughttowalkuptowithin,say,twenty-fiveyardsoftheelephantandtesthisbehavior.Ifhecharged,Icouldshoot;ifhetooknonoticeofme,itwouldbesafetoleavehimuntilthemahoutcameback.Butalso1knewthatIwasgoingtodonosuchthing.Iwasapoorshotwitharifleandthegroundwassoftmudintowhichonewouldsinkateverystep.IftheelephantchargedandImissedhim,Ishouldhaveaboutasmuchchanceasatoadunderasteam-roller.ButeventhenIwasnotthinkingparticularlyofmyownskin,onlyofthewatchfulyellowfacesbehind.Foratthatmoment,withthecrowdwatchingme,Iwasnotafraidintheordinarysense,asIwouldhavebeenillhadbeenalone.Awhitemanmustn'tbefrightenedinfrontof"natives";andso,ingeneral,heisn'tfrightened.ThesolethoughtinmymindwasthatifanythingwentwrongthosetwothousandBurmanswouldseemepursued,caught,trampledonandreducedtoagrinningcorpselikethatIndianupthehill.Andifthathappeneditwasquiteprobablethatsomeofthemwouldlaugh.Thatwouldneverdo.Therewasonlyonealternative.Ishovedthecartridgesintothemagazineandlaydownonthereadtogetabetteraim.

Afterwards,ofcourse,therewereendlessdiscussionsabouttheshootingoftheelephant.Theownerwasfurious,buthewasonlyanIndianandcoulddonothing.Besides,legallyIhaddonetherightthing,foramadelephanthastobekilled,likeamaddog,ifitsownerfailstocontrolit.AmongtheEuropeansopinionwasdivided.TheoldermensaidIwasright,theyoungermensaiditwasadamnshametoshootanelephantforkillingacoolie,becausetheelephantwasworthmorethananydamnCoringheecoolie.AndafterwardsIwasverygladthatthecooliehadbeenkilled;itputmelegallyintherightanditgavemesufficientpretextforshootingtheelephant.IoftenwonderedwhetheranyoftheothersgraspedthatIhaddoneitsolelytoavoidlookingafool.

1.Howdidthewritergetinvolvedintheincidentintheverybeginning?

2.whatdidthewriterlearnorrealizefromthisstory?

IIIReadLesson6TextB“UnwillingtoSchool”Judgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.

:

（阅读教材第6课课文B，判断对错）

UnwillinglytoSchool

ByKatrinFitzHerbert

Everychildwithapoorschoolattendancerecordisachildindanger.Atbest,heisindangerofnotfulfillinghiseducationalpotential;atworst,heisindangerofcrueltyorneglect.

Enforcedschoolabsenceinchildhoodissometimesusedbyadultstojustifytheirowncareerfailure.Itisdifficultforachildtoplaytruantregularlyi