云南省保山一中学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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云南省保山一中学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
云南省保山一中2017-2018学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
一、阅读理解
(★)Oneday.Onelifetime.Youcandoit!
Fromthemuseumofmodemarttothemuseumofancientarticles,visitourpicksfortheworld’sbestmuseums.
NationalGalleryofCanada(Ottawa)
ThismuseumhasagreatcollectionofartspanningtheMiddleAgestothepresentday,includingAmerican,Indian,European,InuitandCanadianworks.Itoffersaunique,near-completeoverviewofCanadianart—fromearlyQuebecreligiouswork,throughInuitworkfromthe1950s,tothecontemporaries.
TokugawaArtMuseum(Japan)
TheTokugawafamilyreignedoverJapanfrom1600to1868.Underthem,thecountryenjoyedthelongestperiodofpeaceinitshistory.ThistimespanisalsoknownastheEdoperiod,duringwhichtheartsfloweredinJapan.ArtistsofthisperioddirectlyinfluencedWesternmasterssuchasMonet,GauguinandWhistlerandhavesincegoneontobecomehouseholdnames.Otherexhibitseffectivelypresent,throughaccuratelyreproducedenvironments,aspectsofJapaneselifeatthetime.
MuseumofFineArts(Boston)
Highlightsofthismuseum’scollectionincludea4th-centuryChristianmarblebust(半身像)ofSt.Paulatprayer,andapaintingthatquestionslifeandourveryexistence,Gauguin’s“Wheredowecomefrom?
Whatarewe?
Wherearewegoing?
”It’samust—gointheUS.
TheEgyptianMuseum(Cairo)
AswellasgatheringtogethersomeofthefinestarchaeologicalfindsfromallEgypt,thismuseumalsoprovidesarareopportunitytosimplypopinandwithinminutesbestandingface-to-facewithoneofthegreatestworksofmankind,Tutankhamun’sgoldenmask.Aportraitofunbelievablequality,craftsmanshipandbeauty,thehighlypolishedgoldface—atonceagod,akingandateenager—shineslikewater:
delicate,yetuntouchableallatthesametime.
1.WhichmuseumwillyouvisitifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutMonet?
2.Whatkindofworkscan’tyouseeintheNationalGalleryofCanada?
3.WhatisthemostfamousartworkinTheEgyptianMuseum?
A.TokugawaArtMuseum.
B.NationalGalleryofCanada.
C.MuseumofFineArts.
D.TheEgyptianMuseum.
A.Americanworks.
B.Europeanworks.
C.Japaneseworks.
D.Inuitwoks.
A.Gauguin’spainting.
B.AgoldenmaskofTutankhamun.
C.TheTokugawafamilypaintings.
D.A4th-centuryChristianmarblebustofSt.Paulatprayer.
(★★★)IrecentlypostedapictureonFacebookfromthemovieMadMax,afilmwheretwogroupsracethroughthedesertinsteampunkvehicles,andwrote,“Actualpictureofmywaytoworktoday.”ItwasmeanttobeajokebecauseofthesandstormsinBeijing,butoneofmyfriendsfrombackhomethoughtitwasreal.
Icouldn’timaginehowtheycouldthinkthatisactuallywhatChinaislike.ChinahassomanymoreconveniencesandadvantagesthantheWest,andmanyofmyfriendsagree.“Idon’tknowhowIwillbeabletodealwhenIgobackhome,”saidafriendwhoisabouttoendhergapyearinBeijing.“I’vebecomesospoiledinChina.
Chinaseemstobeleadingthewayininnovationandconveniencefordailylife.BackhomeIcouldnevershop,pulloutmyphoneandscanaQRcodetopay.
TherehavebeenrumorsofstartingbikesharinginmyhometownforyearswithlittlesuccesswhilebikesharingsuddenlyappearedinBeijingovernight.Ijuststepoutsideandscanacode,andIamonmyway.
Goingouttoeatwithagroupoffriendsbackhomewastroublesomeforboththegroupandtheservers.Splittingchecksandswiping(刷)10differentcardsormakingchangeforeachpersoninthegroupcanbeapain.ButwithChina’sWeChat,youcanquicklysendyourfriendsyourpartofthebill.
Thelistgoeson…
WhenIfirstarrivedinBeijing,Iwasdeadsetonleavinginamonth.Thatmonthhascomeandgone.Now,whensomeoneasksmewhenI’mcomingback,Ithinktomyself,“Whoknows?
”
WhilemyfriendsthinkI’mridingthroughthedesertonamotorbike,Iamactuallytakinga“Didi”forwhatistheequivalentof$5intheUS.
Withalltheconveniencesandtechnologyhere,Imayneverwanttogoback.
4.What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?
5.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenhefirstcametoBeijing?
6.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
7.Whatdoesthetextintendtotellus?
A.Tointroduceamovie.
B.Totellaninterestingstory.
C.Tointroducethetopic.
D.ToshowtheweatherinBeijing.
A.Hecouldn’tstandtheweather.
B.Hedidn’twanttostaylong.
C.Heneverwantedtogobackhome.
D.Hewasamazedatthebikesharing.
A.Chinaisthefirstcountrytostartbikesharing.
B.TheauthorhasbecomeusedtomobilepaymentinChina.
C.PeoplealwaysuseWeChattopaywheneatingoutintheUS.
D.Theauthor’sfriendsallknowtheconvenienceoflivinginChina.
A.BikesharinghasspreadalloverChina.
B.ForeignershavemisunderstandingsofChina.
C.TechnologyhasbroughtmuchconvenienceinChina.
D.Lifeinforeigncountriesisnotaseasyaswethought.
(★★★)ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.
AccordingtocourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld’sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable.”Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.
Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry’sclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressingBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,adesirethatBarryandhisstudentsenthusiasticallysupported.RatherthanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:
PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.LoveisaconceptBina48doesn’tunderstand,saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.
“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,”saidBarry.HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is“fairlysimple—it’safeeling,”saidBarry.Buttherealitywasdifferent.Bina48endeduplearning“31differentversionsoflove,”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingwithartificialintelligenceinfuture.
Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48’scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.
Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.
8.WhatwasBina48’sperformancelikeinclass?
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inparagraph3probablymean?
10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
11.WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?
A.Unattractive.
B.Insignificant.
C.Far-reaching.
D.Extraordinary.
A.Givingaspeechto.
B.Consultingwith.
C.Dealingwith.
D.Sendingaletterto.
A.ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove.
B.ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove.
C.Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence.
D.Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman.
A.Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher.
B.Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.
C.Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.
D.Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.
(★★★)TheLifecycleofaT-shirt
WeallprobablyhavealotofT-shirts,butdoyoueverstopandthinkabouttheinfluenceofaT-shirtontheplanet?
You’dprobablybesurprisedtolearnwhat'sinvolvedinthelifecycleofjustoneT-shirt.
Thereare5majorstages:
material,production,shipping,useanddisposal.Thematerialstageinvolvesfarming,irrigating,fertilizing,harvestingandginning.Whilecottonisanaturalfiberandnotasharmfultotheenvironmentasmanmadefibers,itstilltakesatollinthematerialandproductionstages.Commercialcottonfarmingusesalargeamountofwater,andtheuseofpesticides(杀虫剂)iswidespreadacrosstheglobe,especiallyincottonfarming.Studieshaveshownthatfarmersspendaround$4.1billiononpesticidesannually,ofwhich25%wasspentoncottoncropsintheUS.
Oncethecottonisgrownandharvested,sobeginstheproductionstage:
spinning,knitting,bleaching,dyeing,cutting,sewing,etc.——theseprocessesalsouseagreatdealofwaterandenergy.Commercialdyesandbleachesareharmfulpollutantsandcaneventuallypollutegroundwater.
AftertheT-shirtisproduced,itentersthetransportationstage.Thisofteninvolvesoverseasshipping.Takealookinyourcloset.Chancesarethatmostofyourcottongarments(衣服)aremadeinChinaorIndia.Garmentscanbeshippedviaplane,shiportruck…,allofwhichspillCO2intotheatmosphere.CalculationsshowthatC02emissionsfromlighttrucksaloneamountto1.15poundspermile.
OncetheT-shirtreachestheretailmarket,itispurchased.Thisstagemayseemliketheleastenvironmentallydamagingpart.Butconsiderthenumberoftimesyou’vewashedanddriedyourfavoriteT-shirt.Washingmachinesarecertainlybecomingmoreefficient.However,theaverageAmericanhouseholddoes400loadsoflaundryperyear,usingabout40gallonsofwaterperload.Suchexcessivewateruseiscombinedwiththelargeamountofenergyusedbydryers.
Thefinalstageoflifeisdisposal.Thisreleasesharmfulemissions,orinvolvesa