山东省潍坊市届高三年级一模英语试题word打印解析版.docx

山东省潍坊市届高三年级一模英语试题word打印解析版.docx

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山东省潍坊市届高三年级一模英语试题word打印解析版

试卷类型：

A

山东省潍坊市2020届高三毕业班一模试题解析版

英语试卷

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第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

“BecomingJane”

ThroughSeptember7，2020

NationalGeographicMuseum

JaneGoodallbeganobservingchimpanzeesin1960atGombeStreamGameReserveinwhatisnowTanzania，butherfirststudyofanimalbehaviortookplacesome20yearseadier．whenshe，at5yearsold，spentseveralhoursinahenhouse，waitingtoseehowahenlaidanegg．

ThatcuriosityhelpeddriveGoodalltobecomeoneofthemostfamousscientistsofthe20thcentury．Herevolutionfrominnocentchildto“globalicon（偶像）”isdocumentedin“BecomingJane”，anexhibitinWashington，DCthroughSeptember7.Afterthat，itheadstotheNaturalHistoryMuseumofLosAngelesCounty．

“BecomingJane”istechnologyheavy．Interactivedigitaldisplays，3-Dexperiencesandahologram（全息图）-likeappearancebyGoodallherselfwilldrawtheattentionofbothadultsandyoungsters．ForthosewhohavefollowedGoodall’scareerclosely，therealtreatisseeingherbirthdaygiftsandbooksfromherchildhood，fieldnotes，Ph.Dpapersandotherpersonalbelongingsandphotos.

Visitorswillfollowthepathofherchildhooddreamgraduallycomingtrue，thenthecourseofherfieldstudyaboutchimpanzeesinAfricanwildforests，withremarkableachievements，andfinallyherrecentlifeasanAnimalRightsactivist．

PRICE$15

WHENNovember22，2019—September7，2020

LOCATION114517thStreetNWWashington，D．C．20036

1．Whereis“BecomingJane”heldbeforeSeptember7，2020?

A．InTanzania．B．InWashington，D．C..

C．InLosAngelesCounty．D．InJane’shometown．

2．WhatmayattractJaneGoodall’sfollowersmost?

A．Treatsforchildren.B．FreebooksbyJane．

C．Jane’spersonalitems．D．Theappliedtechnology．

3．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?

A．Astory.B．Anadvertisement．

C．Anofficialreport．D．Acelebrityprofile．

B

MomandIwereputtingthefinishingtouchesondinner，andmylittlenieceJessicacameintosetthetable．Insteadofgoingtothedishcabinet，shewentintothepantrywheretherewasastackofold，mismatcheddinnerplatesonthebottomshelf.

Whenshehadsetallsixplaces，shestoodbackandsighed，“Oh，Grandma，yourplatesaresobeautiful．Oursareallalike!

”Wehadagoodlaughatherinnocentremark，butasIthinkbacktoallthoseyearsago，Ibelieveshewasfight.Thoseplateswerebeautiful.

Momworkedforthelocalcouncilonagingasahousekeeper．Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes．MostofherclientsgotMealsonWheels，aserviceinthe1970s．Theyreceivedahotlunchandacoldsnacktohavelaterintheevening．Thisisreallynotverymuchfood．EveryeveningMomwouldmaketo-gomealsonthesemismatchedplatescoveredwithaluminumfoil，andthendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidn’tgetenoughtoeat．

Thiswasabouttenyearsbeforemicrowaveovensbecamecommonsoitwasimportantthatthefoodbeonaplatethatcouldbereheatedinaregularoven.Insteadofacoldsandwichandmacaronisalad，Mom’sclientsdinedonBeefManhattans，pan-friedchickenormeatloaf，alongwithveggiesandapieceofpieorcake．MomandDaddidthisevenafterMomleftherjob，andMomcontinuedafterDad’sdeathuntilallherformerclientshadeitherpassedawayormovedout．

WhenIwascleaningoutMom’shouseafterherdeath，Ikeptoneasasouvenir（纪念品）．Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforone’sneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.

4．Whydidtheauthorthinkthoseplatesbeautiful?

A．Theywerenotallalike．

B．TheywerelittleJessica’spride．

C．Theywerecollectedfromdifferentplaces．

D．Theyweresymbolsoftheparents’kindness．

5．Whatdidtheauthor'smotherdotoearnalivinginthe1970s?

A．Beahousewife．B．RLIBMealsonWheels．

C．Deliverfoodtohouses．D．Dohouseworkfortheold

6．Whydidtheauthor’smothermaketo-gomeals?

A．Itwasherjob．

B．Shewasgoodatcooking．

C．Shewantedtohelpbeyondherduty．

D．Herfamilydidn’thaveenoughtoeat．

7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．PlatesofSympathyB．APreciousSouvenir

C．ServicesfortheSeniorD．AKind-heartedMother

C

“Aliecantravelhalfwayaroundtheworldbeforethetruthcanputitsbootson.”ThatquoteisattributedtoMarkTwain．Intoday’sInternetworldof“fake（假的）news”，liesspreadevenfasterandthetruthishavingtroublefindingitsboots．

Tomakemattersworse，mostyoungpeoplegetnewsfromsocialmediasiteswherefactsaremixedwithrumors（谣言），half-truthsandcompletelies．Thishasledtoyoungpeoplebecomingconfused．InthelatestPISA，whichtested15-year-oldsworldwideonacademicsubjects，fewerthanoneintenoftheexamineeswerereportedtobeabletodistinguishfactfromopinion.AStanfordUniversitystudyshowedthatstudentsatalllevelsofeducationcouldnottellrealnewsfromfakenews．Inoneinstance，80percentthoughtthatapaidadvertisementwasarealnewsstory．

Fakenewsisspreadbypeoplewhohaveaprejudice．Theywanttoinfluencepublicopinioneitherfororagainstsomethingorsomeone．Itisimportant，then，foryoungpeopletorecognizewhentheyarebeingusedandtobeskepticalofonlineinformation．

Traditionalmedia，suchasnewspapersandtelevision，arestillthemorecrediblesourcesofinformation．Reportersareprofessionallytrainedtolookforfacts，andeditorshavethejobofmakingsurethosefactsarecorrect．However，ifyouaregettingmostofyourinformationonline，youhavetobeyourowneditor．Inthatcase，thefirstthingtodoistolookatthewriterofapost.Isthispersonknowntobecredible?

Doesthesitewhereyoureadtheposthaveaprejudice?

Next，lookforothersourcesfrommainstreammediatoconfirmtheinformation．Inotherwords，byputtingonyourtruthbootsyouwon’tbefooledintochasinglies．

8．Whyisthequotementionedinparagraph1?

A．Togiveadefinition．

B．Tointroducethetopic．

C．Toofferbackgroundinformation．

D．TohighlightthewisdomofMarkTwain．

9．Whatwillalwayshappentoyoungpeoplewithnewsaround?

A．Theypreferarealnewsstory．

B．Theyareeasilytakeninbyfakenews．

C．Theycandistinguishfactfromopinion

D．Theygetworriedabouttheireducation．

10.Whatistheauthor'ssuggestionfromthetext?

A．Fightagainstprejudices．B．Avoidtraditionalmedia．

C．Beaneditorofyourown．D．Believeintrainedreporters．

11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．ThetruthaboutfakenewsB．Theinflueneeoffakenews．

C．Problemswithonlineinformation．D．Sourcesofonlineinformation．

D

Aninfectiousdiseaseisadiseasethatiscausedbytheinvasionofahostbypathogens（病原体）whoseactivitiesharmthehost’stissuesandcanbespreadtootherindividuals．

Microorganisms（微生物）capableofcausingdiseasearecalledpathogens．Atruepathogenisaninfectiousagentthatcausesdiseaseinanypossiblehost．Theterms“infection”and“disease”arequitedifferent．Inordertocausedisease，pathogensmustbeabletoenterthehostbody，sticktospecifichostcells，invadeandmuhiplyanddodamagetohosttissues．

Pathogensmaybespreadthrougheitherdirectorindirectcontact．Directcontactoccurswhenanindividualisinfectedbycontactwiththeinfectionsource．Italsoincludestakingintheinfecliousdropletsreleasedbysneezingorcoughing．Indirectcontactoccurswhenapathogencansurvivetheenvironnlentoutsideitshostforalongperiodoftime．Solifelessobjectsthatarepollutedbydirectcontactwiththeinfectionsourcemaybetheindirectcontactforeasilyinfectedgroup.

Publichealthmeasurestypicallyinvolvekillingthepathogenfromitssourceorfromitsrouteofspread.Thosemeasuresincludeensuringasafewatersupply，effectivelytreatingwastewater，andinitiatinganimalcontrolandvaccination（疫苗）programs，etc．Personally，thefirstlineofdefenseistokeeppathogenatbaybyfollowinggoodpersonalhygiene（卫生）habits.Preventinfectionbeforeitbeginsandavoidspreadingittootherswithsomeeasymeasures，suchaswashinghands，gettingvaccinatedandsoon．

Manneverstopsfightingagainstallkindsofinfectiousdiseases．Butinthepasttwodecadesatleastadozen“new”diseaseshavebeenidentified，andtraditionaldiseasesthatappearedtohe“ontheirwayout”arere-emerging．Globally，infectiousdiseasesremaintheleadingcauseofdeath.C1early，thebattlehasnotbeenwon．Nevertheless，itisincreasinglydifficultformostofustodenytheclaimsofscience．Wearecontinuallypresentedwithgreatamountsofrelevantscientificandmedicalknowledge，whichencouragesustotakemoreresponsibilityforourownhealth．

12.Whatdoesparagraph2focuson?

A．Originoftruepathogens.

B．Natureofinfectiousdiseases．

C．Strategiesforavoidingtissuedamage．

D．Differencesbetweeninfectionanddisease.

13.Whatislikelytocausediseasespreadthroughindirectcontact?

A．Gettingbittenbyaninfecteddog.

B．Playingtoysasickchildplayedwith．

C．Breathingintinydropsfromsneezing.

D．Shakinghandswithaninfectedperson.

14．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedphrase“atbay”inparagraph4?

A．Atrisk．B．Offcourse．C．Undercontrol.D．Withinreach.

15．Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?

A．Manisatalossaboutinfectiousdiseases．

B．Traditionalinfectiousdiseasesaredyingout.

C．Sciencecountsindefeatinginfectiousdiseases．

D．Thebattleagainstinfectiousdiseasesisinvain.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

IfyouhaveaniPodoraphonethatplaysmusic，theSonyWalkmanmaylooklikeancienthistory.Butwhenitcameoutfortyyears