铁道车辆名词术语.docx

铁道车辆名词术语.docx

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铁道车辆名词术语

铁道车辆名词术语

一、一般名词术语  General

1、车辆的种类

铁道车辆rollingstock,railwayvehicle,railwaycar

客车carriage,passegercar

货车wagon.freightcar

特种车specialcar

钢木车steel-woodcar

全金属车allmetalcar

全钢车allsteelcar

二轴车two-axlecar

四轴车four-axlecar

六轴车six-axlecar

转向架式车rogiecar

关节式车articulatedcar

动车motor-car

拖车trailer

控制车controllingcar

动车组poweredcartrain-set

合造车combinedcar

简易客车simplyequippedcoach

代用客车substitutepassengercar

双层客车double-deckcoach

母车carwithaxlegenerator

子车carwithoutaxlegenerator

座车seatcoach

硬座车semi-cushionedseatcoach

软座车cushionedseatcoach,softseatcoach

卧车sleepingcar

硬卧车semi-cushionedberthsleepingcar

软卧车cushionedberthsleepingcar

餐车diningcar

行李车luggagevan,baggagecar

邮政车mailvan,postalcar

了望车observationcar

公务车servicecar,privatecar

文教车cultureandeducationcar

医疗车hospitalcar

卫生车ambulancecar

试验车testcar

维修车maintenancecar

宿营车dormitoryvan,traincrewcar

轨道检查车trackinspectioncar

轨道探伤车railfaultsdetectioncar

隧道摄影车tunnel-photographingcar

限界检查车structuregaugedetectioncar

检衡车trackscaletestcar

发电车generatorcar

锅炉车boilercar

救援车reliefcar

敞车open-topcar,gondolacar

棚车coveredwagon,boxcar

平车flatcar

罐车tankcar

守车caboose,brakevan

煤车coalcar

砂石车gravelcar

矿石车orecar

漏斗车hoppercar

水泥车cementcar

保温车thermalcar

隔热车insulated-coverwagon,insulatedboxcar

加冰冷藏车ice-cooledrefrigeratorcar

冷冻板冷藏车eutectic-ice-cooledrefrigeratorcar

加温车heatercar

冷藏加温车refrigeratorandheatercar

机械冷藏车mechanicalrefrigeratorcar

单节机械冷藏车mono-unitmechanicalrefrigeratorcar

机冷货物车mechanicalrefrigeratorfreightcar

机冷发电车mechanicalrefrigeratorgeneratingcar

机械冷藏车组mechanicalrefrigeratorcartrain-set

通风车ventilatedcar

家畜车livestockcar,stockcar

活鱼车fishcar

零担办公车officecarforpeddlertrain

毒品车posioncar

集装箱车containercar

长大货物车heavy-dutycar,highcapacitycar

凹底平车depressedcenterflatcar

落下孔车wellcar,well-holecar

双联平车twinnedflatcar

钳夹车schnabelcar

自动倾翻车sidedumpcar

除雪车sweeper,snowplow

长钢轨车组longrailcartrain-set

电站车组powerstationcartrainset

车辆纵向longitudinaldirectionofcar

车辆横向transversedirectionofcar

车端endofcar

一位端“B”endofcar

二位端“A”endofcar

一位侧No.1positionside

二位侧No.2positionside

轴位positionofaxle

轮位positionofwheel

梁位positionofsill

车钩中心线高hrightfrontopofrailtocouplercenter

车辆长度lengthofcar

车辆宽度widthofcar

车辆最大宽度max.widthofcar

车辆高度heightofcar

车辆最大高度max.heightofcar

车体长度lengthoverendsofcarbody

底架长度lengthofunderframe

罐体长度lengthoftankbarrek

车体宽度widthoversidesofcarbody

底架长度underframewidth

车体内长insidelengthofcarbody

车体内宽insidewidthofcarbody

车体内侧面高insideheightofcarbody

车体内中心高insideheightfromfloortoroofcentre

地板面高heightoffloorfromrailtop

车辆定距（心盘中心距）lengthbetweenbogiepivotcenters

车辆全轴距totalwheelbaseofcar

车辆定距比ratioofcarbodylengthtolengthbetweenbogiecentres

换长equivalentlength

旁承间隙sidebearingclearance

自重tareweight

载重loadingcapacity

整备品重servicingweight

总重grossweight

自重系数coefficientoftareweight,tare-to-loadcapacity

每延米重loadpermeteroftrack

簧上重量suspendedweight,weightabovespring

簧下重量non-suspendedweight,weightunderspring

构造速度designspeed

通过最小曲线半径min.radiusofcurvaturenegotiated

动力系数coefficientofkineticforce

振动舒适度comfortablequalityofvibration

平稳性指标（振动舒适度指标）indexofrunningstability

倾复稳定性securityofoverturingfromtrack

脱轨稳定性securityofderailment

6、其他

空车emptycar

轴数numberofaxle

车辆标记letteringandmarkingofcar

车辆型号modelofcar

车辆号码serialnumberofcar

定员seatingcapacity

技术履历簿technicalancestrybook

吊hanger

卡clamp,clip

吊卡anchor,suspension

座seat,rest,bracket

吊座hangerbracket

托carrier,support,bearer

环ring

链chain

连接板connectingplate

补强板reinforcingplate

筋板rib

隔板partionplate

撑板stayingplate

托板supportingplate

固定板fasteningplate

压板pressingplate

吊板hangingplate

支承板bearingplate

垫板shim,pad

调整板adjustingplate

限制板locatingplate

挡板baffleplate

防跳板anticreepplate

护板shieldplate

防尘板dustguardplate

磨耗板wearplate

防火板fireproofplate

盖板coverplate

腹板webplate

翼板flangeplate

地板floorplate

顶板roofplate

墙板sideplate

装饰板decoratingplate

饰带板lining

根据位置不同所用板plateusedinotherplace

节流板moderatingplate,limitingplate

垫shim,pad,liner,washer

盖cap,cover,lid

阀valve

体body

梁girder，sill，beam，stringer

柱post

斜撑diagonalbrace

压条cornice，molding，treadlebar

承木woodenpartingstringer，nailingstrip

隔热材料heat-insulatingmaterial

二  走行装置runninggear

1  一般

走行装置runninggear

转向架bogie，truck

二轴转向架two-axlebogie

三轴转向架three-axlebogie

组合转向架combinationbogie

导框式转向架pedestalbogie

导框式转向架non-pedestalbogie

导框式转向架pedestalbogie

整体侧架转向架bogiewithintegralboxsideframe

构架frame，bogiestructure

侧架bogiesideframe

轮对wheelset

有箍车轮tyredwheel

整体车轮solidwheel

碾钢车轮wroughtsteelwheel，rolledsteelwheel

轴箱journalbox

承载鞍adapter

轴箱定位装置boxguidance

弹簧减振装置springandvibrationabsorberdevice

弹簧悬挂装置suspensiondamper

弹簧装置springdevice

轴箱弹簧装置journalspringdevice

摇枕弹簧装置bolsterspringdevice

轴箱弹簧journalspring

摇枕弹簧bolsterspring

均衡弹簧equalizerspring

空气弹簧airspring

橡胶弹簧rubberspring

第一系弹簧装置primarysuspension

第二系弹簧装置secondarysuspension

一系弹簧装置single-stagesuspension

二系弹簧装置two-stagesuspension

自动高度调整装置automaticheightajuster

减振器vibrationabsorber

摩擦减振器snubber

油压减振器hydraulicdamper

旁承sidebearing

滑块式旁承slidingblocksidebearing

摆块式旁承pendulumsidebearing

滚子式旁承rollersidebearing

液压旁承hydraulicsiidebearing

气液旁承hydro-pneumaticsidebearing

转向架基础制动装置bogiebrakerigging

踏面制动treadbraking

盘形制动discbraking,rotorbraking

单侧制动signlesidebraking

双侧制动claspbraking

制动梁brakebeam

闸瓦brakeblock,brakeshoe

闸片brakeling

中磷闸瓦mediumphosphorbrakeshoe

高磷闸瓦highphosphorbrakeshoe

合成闸瓦compositebrakeshoe

制动盘brakingdisc

心盘面自由高freeheightfromrailtoptocentreplatewearingsurface

转向架对角线bogiediagonal

轴距wheelbase

固定轴距fixedorrigidwheelbase

转向架全轴距totalwheelbaseofbogieassembly

轮对内侧距distancebetweenbacksofwheelrims

轴颈中心距distancebetweenactingcentresofjournalload

踏面tread

踏面斜度treadtaper

踏面基点tapingpoint

滚动圆rollingtreadcircle

车轮直径wheeldiameter

轮箍厚度tirethickness

轮辋内侧厚度riminsidethickness

轮辋外侧厚度rimoutsidethickness

轮辋宽度rimwidth

轮缘高度flangeheight

轮缘高度测定线flangebaseline

轮缘厚度flangethickness

轮毂直径diameterofboss

轮毂厚度bossthickness

轴箱导框间隙pedestalclearancewithpedestalguide

摇枕挡间隙columnguidecleatancewiththecolumn

轴载荷axleloadingforce

轴荷重axleload

轴重wheelsetload

心盘载荷centreplateloadingforce

旁承载荷sidebearingloadingforce

斜对称载荷obliquelysymmetricalloadingforce

弹簧静挠度staticdeflectionofspring

弹簧动挠度dynamicdeflectionofspring

弹簧挠度裕量surplusdeflectionofspring,reservedeflectionofspring

挠度裕量系数reservecoefficient（orsurplusfactor）ofspringdeflection

转向架扭曲刚度bogieagainstdistortionrigidity

摩擦减振器相对摩擦系数relativefrictioncoefficientofsnubber

油压减振器阻力系数dampingcoefficientofhydraulicdamper

减振指数dampingindex

临界阻尼值criticaldampingvalue

脱轨系数coefficientofderailment

轴温axletemperature

轮缘垂直磨耗verticalwearonflange

踏面擦伤scotchingonwheeltread

踏面剥离flakingonwheeltread

2、转向架构架  bogiestructure

发电机吊架genertorhangersupport

缓解弹簧座releasespringbracket

闸瓦托吊座brakeheadhangerbracket

安全吊座safetyhangerbracket

固定支点座fixedfulcrumbracket

端梁endsill

侧梁sidesill

纵向梁longitudinalsill

辅助梁auxiliarytransom

摇枕吊耳bolsterhangerlug

横梁transom

闸瓦托吊耳brakeheadhangerlug

3    转向架侧  bogiesideframe

轴箱承台pedestaljournalroof

上斜弦梁topobliquechord

检查孔inspectionhole

斜楔挡frictionwedgestop

上弦梁topchord

立柱column

轴箱挡pedestalleg

制动梁滑槽brakebeamguide

下弦梁bottomchord

弹簧承台springseat

凸脐springseatboss

摇枕孔bolsteropening

下斜弦梁bottomobliquechord

轴箱导框pedestal

4  摇枕及弹簧装置bolsterandspringdevice

弹簧托梁springplankcarrier

摇枕吊bolsterhanger

摇枕吊销bolsterhangerpin

摇枕吊销座bolsterhangerpinseat

油压减振动器hydraulicdamper,oildamper

弹簧夹板springbutton

摇枕弹簧（外圈）bolsterspring（outer）

摇枕弹簧（内圈）bolsterspring（inner）

下旁承体bogiesidebearingbase

下旁承胶垫bogiesidebearingrubberpad

下旁承滑块bogiesidebearingslidingblock

摇枕挡bolsterguide

下心盘bogiecentreplate

中心销centrepin

摇枕bolster

下旁承bogiesidebearing

横向缓冲器lateralbuffer

横向拉杆lateralconnectingrod

摇枕板弹簧bolsterdoubleellipticspring

弹簧托板springplank

安全吊safetyhanger

摇枕吊轴bolsterhangershaft

5  摇枕bogiebolster

斜楔摩擦面bolsterfrictionwedgepocketslope

凸脐springseatboss

心盘安装面centreplatelocation

排水孔draininghole

中心销孔centrepinhole

固定杠杆支点安装面deadleverfulcrumbracketlocation

下旁承座bogiesidebearingseat

摇枕挡columnguide

6，7  轮对轴箱及弹簧装置wheelset，journalboxandspringdevice

后挡板rearguard

油卷lubricatingpad

前枕frontguard

轴箱盖boxlid

轴瓦垫journalbearingwedge

轴箱体journalboxbody

轴瓦journalbearing

防尘板dustguard，dustshield

车轴皮带轮axlebeltpulley

车轴axle

车轮wheel

防尘挡圈dustguardring

滚动轴承rollerbearing

弹簧支柱springguide-post

定位套locatingbush

轴箱弹簧journalspring

支持环springguide

缓冲胶垫rubberpad

轴箱后盖journalboxrearcover

轴箱体journalboxbody

紧定螺母setnut

防松板lockingplate

轴箱前盖journalboxfrimcover

均衡弹簧座equalizingspringseat

轴箱导框pedestal

均衡弹簧（内圈、中圈、外圈）equalizingspring（inner,intermediate,outer）

均衡梁equalizer

轴箱托板journalboxtiebar

轴箱导框磨耗板pedestalwearplate

8轮对wheelset

车轴axle

车轮轮箍tire,tyre

车轮扣环retainingring

车轮轮心wheelcentre

整体车轮solidwheel

9  车轴axle

中心孔centrehole

轴颈前肩hournalfrontfillet

轴颈后肩journalrearfillet

轮座前肩wheelseatfrontfillet

轮座后肩wheelseatrearfillet

轴中央部axlemiddleportion

轴身axlebody

轮座wheelseat

防尘板座dustguardseat

轴颈journal

轴领collar

10  整体车轮solidwheel

辐板webplate

轮缘flange

轮毂孔wheelhubbore

轮毂hub，boss

轮辋rim

踏面thread

辐板孔webplatehole

11  轴箱体journalboxbody

前壁frontwall

内顶journalboxroof

轴箱口journalboxopening

雨檐eaves

瓦垫挡journalbearingwedgestopper

承台座pedestalseat