精选高考高中人教版英语一轮复习第1部分 选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors.docx
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精选高考高中人教版英语一轮复习第1部分选修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors
Unit5 Meetingyourancestors
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1.kindergartenn.幼儿园
2.alternativen.可能的选择
adj.供选择的;其他的
3.regardlessadv.不管;不顾
4.somehowadv.以……方式;不知怎么地
5.spitvt.吐出(唾液、食物等)vi.吐痰
6.arrestvt.逮捕;吸引n.逮捕;拘留
7.applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎;赞赏
8.interruptvt.&vi.打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止
9.skilfuladj.有技巧的;熟练的
10.albumn.相册;集邮册;唱片
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.What'sworse,theyspat/spit(spit)andeventhrewrubbishintothelake,totallyignoringthenoticeablesign“NoLittering”nearby.
2.Hewas_arrested(arrest)forspreadingrumorsontheInternet.
3.Themomentthefamoussingerfinishedsinging,theaudiencesstoodupandapplauded(applaud)warmly.
5.Thenewmethodwaspopularandmanypeasantsbecameveryskilful(skill)atit.
6.Thebellindicatingtheendoftheperiodrang,interrupting(interrupt)ourheateddiscussion.
拓展单词
1.assumevt.假定;设想→assumingconj.假设→assumptionn.假设;设想
2.sharpadj.锋利的,尖锐的→sharpenvi.&vt.(使)锋利,尖锐;清晰→sharpenern.磨具;削具
3.messn.凌乱,脏→messyadj.凌乱的;脏的
4.identifyvt.确认;识别;鉴别→identificationn.辨认;鉴定
5.starvevi.挨饿;饿死→starvationn.挨饿;饿死
6.analysevt.分析→analysisn.分析→(pl.)analyses
7.significancen.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义→significantadj.重要的
8.dividev.分割,划分;分配→divisionn.分割;划分;分配;分界线
9.accurateadj.准确的;精确的→accuratelyadv.准确地,精确地→accuracyn.精确;准确
10.botanyn.植物学→botanicaladj.植物学的;与植物学有关的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.IhavebeensobusythatIhavenotimetocleanthemess,sothehouselooksverymessy.(mess)
2.Withtheteacher'shelp,Ianalysedthedataofthisexperiment.Theteacherconsideredmyanalysisisreasonable.(analyse)
3.Thescientiststhinkhisinventionisofgreatsignificance,becauseitissignificanttocurethepatientsofdeadlydisease.(significant)
4.Whilecalculatingthemathsproblem,youshouldpaymoreattentiontotheaccuracyofthenumbers,oryoucan'tfigureitoutaccurately.(accurate)
5.Theoldmanwasstarvedtodeath.Peoplefeltpityforhisstarvation.(starve)
6.Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.(assume)
阅读词汇
1.tentativeadj.试探性的;不确定的
2.acuteadj.有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的
3.ampleadj.足够的;充足的;富裕的
4.primitiveadj.原始的;远古的;简陋的
5.ripenvt.&vi.使……成熟;成熟
6.radioactiveadj.放射性的;有辐射能的
7.acceleratev.加速;促进
8.gayadj.快乐的;欢快的
9.categoryn.种类;类别;范畴
10.howlv.嗥叫;叫喊;吼叫
n.长嚎;嗥叫
11.beastn.野兽
12.quiltn.被子;棉被
拓展联想
1.v.ing形式的介词小结
①assuming假设;假定
②considering鉴于;考虑到
③including包含;包括
④supposing假设;假如
⑤providing假设;如果
⑥concerning关于
2.表示“快乐;高兴”的形容词一览
①gay快乐的;欢快的
②happy高兴的;快乐的
③joyful高兴的;快乐的
④cheerful高兴的;快乐的
⑤pleased高兴的;欢喜的
⑥delighted高兴的;欣喜的
3.cy结尾名词速记
①accuracy正确,准确(度);精确
②efficiency效率;效能
③emergency紧急情况
④fluency流畅,流利
⑤frequency屡次,频率,频繁
⑥privacy隐退,隐避,隐居
⑦tendency倾向,趋势
熟词生义
你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗?
1.Topreservenaturalhabitats,biologistsexpectedthegovernmenttomakelawsthatwouldarrestcommercialdevelopmentintheseareas.
阻止;遏止
2.Ifthereisnopresident,powerwillbeassumedbythemostextremistforces.掌管;夺取
[短语 多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.at_most至多;最多
2.be_aware_of知道;意识到
3.regardless_of不管;不顾
4.date_back_(to_...)追溯到;始于
5.keep_out关在门外;不准入内
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
LastSunday,ourclassvisitedthehistorymuseuminourcity①regardless_ofthehotweather.Inthemuseum,wesawanoldstonewhichwassaidtobeascraperusedbyourancestors.Thestonescraper②dates_back_totheXiaDynasty.Whenweweretolditsuse,we③were_aware_ofourancestors'wisdom.
高
频
短
语
6.cut_up切碎
7.look_ahead向前看;为将来打算
8.scare...away把……吓跑
9.(be)_fed_up_with受够了;饱受;厌烦
10.with/in_relief轻松地;如释重负地
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
Theannounceralsoexplainedthatthestonescrapercouldbeusedto④cut_upthemeat.Besides,ourancestorshadlearnedto⑤scarethebeasts⑥away.However,theywere⑦fed_up_withtheirlife,sotheyhadto⑧look_ahead.
拓
展
联
想
1.无被动语态的动词短语聚焦
①datefrom/backto追溯到
②belongto属于
③consistof由……组成
④cometrue变成现实
⑤takeplace发生
⑥breakout爆发
2.“at+名词或代词”短语荟萃
①atmost至多;最多
②atleast至少
③atpresent目前;现在
④atfirst起初
⑤atwork在工作
⑥atease自由自在地
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.as引导定语从句。
Yes,indeed,asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus,allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.
常言说:
“人不可貌相”。
“Youcan'tjudgeabookbyitscover,”as_the_old_saying_goes.
2.ifonly...要是……就好了。
Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!
在上周举行的英语演讲比赛,我要是有更多的信心就好了!
If_only_I_had_hadmoreconfidenceintheEnglishspeechcontestheldlastweek.
3.haddonesth....when...刚刚……这时……。
Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.
他刚到达机场这时被告知航班推迟了。
Hehad_just_arrived_at_the_airport_whenhewasinformedthattheplanewasputoff.
4.onlytodo表出乎意料的结果。
Abruptlyshesatdown,onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna.
他匆匆忙忙地赶往剧院,结果被告知票已卖完。
Hehurriedtothetheatre,only_to_be_toldthattheticketshadbeensoldout.
精讲4个考纲单词
1.alternativeadj.供选择的;其他的n.可能的选择;选择对象
(1)单句语法填空
①TheInternetalsoprovidesuswithacheapalternativetocommunicating(communicate)withothers.
②ItwassoseriousamatterthatIhadnoalternativebutto_call(call)thepolice.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。
①Wehave_no_alternative/choice_but_to_face_failurebravelyandlearnfromit.(alternative/choice)
②Wecan_do_nothing_but_face_failurebravelyandlearnfromit.(nothing)
先理解再牢记
(1)havenoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事
analternativeto……的替代物(to是介词)
(2)alternativelyadv.可供选择地
[联想发散] “别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式:
havenochoicebuttodosth.;can'tdosth.butdosth.;candonothingbutdosth.。
2.interruptvt.&vi.打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止
(1)单句语法填空
①Beingabadtemperedman,hewouldnottoleratehavinghislecturesinterrupted(interrupt).
②Wouldyoumindnotinterruptingwithquestionsallthetime?
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
他连续几年坚持体育锻炼。
Shehaskeptupphysicaltrainingforseveralyearswithout_interruption.
先理解再牢记
(1)interruptsb./sth.(withsth.)
(因某事)打断某人/某事
(2)interruptionn.打扰,插嘴,打岔;阻断物
withoutinterruption连续地,不断地
[佳句背诵] Theywereinterruptedbyasuddenandurgentknockatthedoor.
3.assumevt.假定;设想
(1)单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)Itiswrongto_assume(assume)artsgroupscannotmakeaprofit.
②Alotofpeoplemaketheassumption(assume)thatpovertyonlyexistsinthethirdworld.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)IfIamchosentobeavolunteeratBeijingWinterOlympicGames,Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul.
(高级表达)Assuming__that_I_am_chosen_to_be_a_volunteeratBeijingWinterOlympicGames,Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul.
先理解再牢记
(1)assumesb./sth.tobe假定/假设某人/某事为
Itisassumedthat...一般认为……
(2)assumptionn.假定;假设
makeanassumption认为;假定
assuming(that)...假设/假定……
[佳句背诵] Itisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.
4.significancen.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义
(1)单句语法填空/单句改错
①Astimegoesby,Iattachmoregreatsignificancetodoing(do)whatIamdoingnow.
②Itissignificancethatnowadaysfiberisstillconsideredtobeanimportantpartofahealthydiet.significance→significant
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
在我看来,练习写字对学生们的成长很重要。
①In_my_view,practicinghandwritingisveryimportant/ofgreatimportancetothestudents'growth.
②From_my_point_of_view,practicinghandwritingisvery_significant/of_great_significancetothestudents'growth.
先理解再牢记
(1)beofsignificanceto...对……有重要意义
attachsignificanceto...认为……重要(to为介词)
(2)significantadj.重要的;明显的
Itissignificantthat...很明显……
[联想发散] 常见“be+of+抽象名词”的短语有:
①beofsignificance=besignificant
②beofimportance=beimportant
③beofvalue=bevaluable
④beofhelp=behelpful
⑤beofuse=beuseful
诠释2个核心短语
1.regardlessof不管;不顾
(1)单句语法填空
①Youwillhurtothersifyousaywhatyouthink,regardlessofotherpeople'sfeelings.
②Despiteherterribleillness,sheworkshardandsucceedsinthescientificresearchfield.
③Dr.Bethunecontinuedworkinginspiteofcutting(cut)hishandduringanoperation.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
关于阅读,有句名言说的好,“读书使人明智”。
With_regard_to_reading,thereisafamoussayingthatreadingmakesawiseman.
先理解再牢记
(1)regardlessof不管;不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
(2)despite=inspiteof尽管;不管;虽然(后常接名词,不接从句)
(3)withregardto关于;至于
[佳句背诵] (2016·江苏卷)Inaddition,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.
2.dateback(to...)追溯(到……)
(1)单句语法填空
①MostChinesepeoplelikethefairytaleofCowboyandWeavinggirl,whichdatesfromtheHanDynasty.
②Dating(date)from1933,theSouthLakeParkinChangchunislocatedinthesouthwesternpartoftheChangchunCity.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)ThefestivalisheldinNovembereveryyear.ItdatesbacktotheMingDynastytocelebratetheharvestinautumn.
(高级表达)Thefestival,dating_back_totheMingDynastytocelebratetheharvestinautumn,isheldinNovembereveryyear.(分词作定语)
先理解再牢记
(1)datebackto=datefrom追溯到……
(2)outofdate过时的,陈旧的
uptodate最近的,新式的,现代的
[温馨提示]
(1)datebackto和datefrom一般无进行时态和被动语态;
(2)作后置定语时,常用现在分词形式。
突破2个高考句型
1.(教材P43)If_onlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!
要是她今年早有预见,计划得更好些就好了!
[要点提炼] ifonly...意为“要是……就好了”。
(1)单句语法填空/单句改错
①Constantquarrelsbetweenmyparentsaredrivingmecrazy.IfonlyIhad(have)awarmandharmoniousfamily.
②IfonlyIcould_go(go)backandresetmygoals.
③Ifonlyhehasrememberedtosendthatemailyesterday.has→had
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
我要是能生活在一个没有空气污染的世界就好了。
If_only_I_could_live_in_a_worldfreeofairpollution.
先理解再牢记
(1)ifonly...could/would/mightdo...表示对与将来事实相反的愿望(不用should);
(2)ifonly...did...表示对与现在事实相反的愿望;
(3)ifonly...haddone...表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。
[名师点津] onlyif中的only仅起强调作用,意为“只要”。
另外,“only+状语”位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。
2.(教材P43)Abruptlyshesatdown,only_to_be_scooped_upbyherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna.
突然间她坐了下去,却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。
[要点提炼] onlytodo表示“意料之外的结果”。
(1)单句语法填空
①Ihurriedtothepostofficeonlyto_find(find)itclosed.
②Onheari