高考英语短文改错考点分类解析.docx
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高考英语短文改错考点分类解析
高考英语短文改错考点分类解析
主谓一致
一、考点规律分析
从广义来说,英语中的一致问题涉及多个方面,如主谓一致、人称的一致、并列结构的前后一致等。
由于人称的一致已归入“代词”考点、并列结构的前后一致已分别归入非谓语动词、时态等,所以这里只归纳主谓一致问题。
二、真题单句归纳
(1)Billwasstandingatthesideofthecar,talkingtotwomenwhowashelpinghimtorepairit.(was改为were,因先行词twomen是复数,所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数)(全国卷)
(2)Playingfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogiveusasenseoffair
playandteamspirit.(give改为gives,它与makes为平行结构,构成并列谓语动词)(全国卷)
(3)Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.(is改为are,因主语是mypictureandtheprize,故谓语动词要用复数)(全国卷)
(4)Butthenthereisalwaysmoremysteriestolookinto.(is改为are,因其后的mysteries为复数,故谓语动词要用复数)(北京春季卷)
(5)Butnotallinformationaregoodtosociety.(are改为is,因为主语是不可数名词information,表单数)(广西卷)
(6)Sothen,aconcertcostsomuch.Imayjustlistentomusic.(cost改为costs,因主语是单数a
concert,根据全文用的都是现在的时态,故用一般现在时)(年四川卷)
(7)IfIlistentomyownrecords,therearenoneedtospendmoney.(are改为is,因为在therebe结构中的be用is还是用are,由紧跟在be后的那个名词的单复数来决定,此处noneed是单数,所以用
is)(四川卷)
(8)…youwillprobablywanttojointheStampCollectors’Clubwhichexisttoaddmorestampstoyourcollection.(exist改为exists,因主语which是指theStampCollectors’Club,这是单数,所以用
exists)(浙江卷)
(10)Oneeveningshetoldmethatsomethinghappenedwhentheirparentswasout.(was改为were,因为主语theirparents是复数,所以不用was要用were)(年福建卷)
三、模拟单句演练
(1)HerparentswereinShanghai,andsowashis.
(2)Asisknowntousall,rememberingEnglishwordsarenoteasy.
(3)Thepolicewaslookingforthemurderereverywhereinthecity.
(4)WritingEnglishandspeakingitisdifferentthings.
(5)Itistheparentsandtheirsonwhowantstobuythebicycle.
(6)Whathesaidatthemeetingwereveryimportanttous.
【参考答案】
(1)was改为were,因其主语his为hisparents之略,为复数。
(2)are改为is,句子主语为动名词短语rememberingEnglishwords,故其谓语动词要用单数。
(3)was改为were,police作主语时,谓语动词总是用复数。
(4)is改为are,因句子主语为复数。
(5)wants改为want,此句为强调句,强调的是主语theparentsandtheirson,为复数。
(6)were改为was,名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
形容词与副词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用(尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more)、形容词与副词的混用(如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词)等,另外,用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词(如in,down等)的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as…as结构、how与what的混用等也是常考的考点。
二、真题单句归纳
(1)Afteranhourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightening.(frightening改为frightened,因它表示某人感到害怕,而不是令人害怕)(全国卷)
(2)Charlessaid,“AssoonasIseearealytallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.(realy改为really或
real,若改为really,则修饰tall;若改为real,则修饰building)(全国卷)
(3)LastSunday,policecarshurrytothetallerbuildinginNewYork.(taller改为tallest,因从含义上看此处应是最高级)(全国卷)
(4)Asaresult,peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthe
past.(去掉more,因为longer本身已是比较级,不能再受more修饰)(全国卷)
(5)Therefore,therearestillsomecountrieswherepeoplehaveshorterlives.(Therefore改为
However,因此处语意转折)(全国卷)
(6)Peopleinindustrialcountriescanexpecttolivefortwicesolongaspeoplewholivedafew
hundredyearsago.(solongas改为aslongas,其意为“与……一样长”)(全国卷)
(7)Insomeplacesyoumayborrowmanybooksasyouwant.(many之前加as,因as...as结构不完整)(全国卷)
(8)ItoldMother,Father,SisterandallmyfriendsherethatagreattimeIhad.(that改为what)(全国卷)
(9)Ineverknewaridedownarivercouldbesomuchexciting.(去掉much,因much不能用来修饰形容词的原级,尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级)(全国卷)
(10)I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.(wonderfully改为wonderful,因它是放在名词前作定语)(全国卷)
(11)First,letmetellyousomethingmoreaboutmyself.(去掉more,因从上下文看,这是第一次给对方写信,不存在谈谈“更多情况”的问题)(全国卷)
(12)Iusedtoplayping-pongalotinmysparetime,butnowIaminterestinginfootball.
(interesting改为interested,beinterestedin意为“对……感兴趣”)(全国卷)
(13)Also,thesportteachesustheimportantofobedience.(important改为importance,teach后可接名词或代词作宾语,但不接形容词作宾语)(全国卷)
(14)Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.(Unfortunate改为Unfortunately,因此处要求用副词作状语)(全国卷)
(15)IthinkIlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthattheyhelpedmeunderstandwhattheworld
works.(what改为how,how在此表示方式)(北京春季卷)
(16)Afterlearningthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticallytome.(practically改为practical,此处用形容词作表语)(北京春季卷)
(17)WheneverIseethemIwilloftenthinkofmyEnglishteacher.(去掉often,因句中的whenever与often意义重复)(全国卷)
(18)Whatthingsareinotherhomes,Iwonder.(What改为How,句意为“不知其他家庭的情况是怎样的”)(全国卷)
(19)Forinstance,onenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro’clockinthemorning.
(loudly改为loud,与strong并列作定语,修饰music)(北京春季卷)
(20)Butheisdifferencenow.(difference改为different,即用形容词作表语)(北京春季卷)
(21)Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcamedown.(去掉down,要表示“夜幕来临”直接说Eveningcame即可)(全国卷)
(22)…althoughradioscanbeverynoise.(noise改为noisy,即用形容词作表语)(北京春季卷)
(23)…allplannedandwrittenbygrown-upstomakechildrenwantthingsthattheydon’trealneed.(real改为really,修饰动词要用副词)(北京春季卷)
(24)Butoneofthebestplayersinourteamtoldmejustthenthathewouldn’tplaybasketballanymore.(then改为now,justnow为习语,意为“刚才”)(安徽春季卷)
(25)Butoneofthebestplayersinourteamtoldmejustnowthathewouldn’tplaybasketball
oncemore.(once改为any,not…anymore为习语,意为“不再”)(安徽春季卷)
(26)Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.(quietly改为quiet,and连接并列成分quite和shy)(全国卷)
(27)FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.(easily改为easy,作表语要用形容词)(年广西卷)
(28)Yes,aconcertcanbeveryexcited.(excited改为exciting,表示某事物是“令人兴奋的”用
exciting;表示某人“感到兴奋”才用excited)(四川卷)
(30)Nowadaysmillionsofpeopleofallagetakepleasureinahobbywhichisbothinterestedandfun.(interested改为interesting,指某事物是“令人有趣的”,用interesting,表示某人“对…感兴趣”时,用interested)(浙江卷)
(31)Shecalled119immediate.(immediate改为immediately,用作状语,要用副词)(福建卷)
(32)However,weseldomfeltlonelyorhelplessly.(helplessly改为helpless,在系动词felt后作表语,要用形容词)(年天津卷)
三、模拟单句演练
(1)I’lltrytobemorecarefullynexttime.
(2)ChinaismuchmorebiggerthantheUnitedStates.
(3)Therearefewboysthangirlsinourclass.
(4)Hesaysthatskiingismuchexcitingthanskating.
(5)Themoremoneyyoumake,themostyouspend.
(6)Hefoundsomeonewasfollowingher,soshefeltfrightening.
(7)Itwasrealverydangerous.Youmighthaveinjuredyourself.
(8)Infact,wefinishedtheworkwithoutanydifficult.
(9)Lookattheasleepboy.Howlovely!
(10)Thefishtasteswell;whynothaveatry?
(11)Lastweekwasveryrain.Ididn’tgooutthewholeweek.
(12)Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsdowninthewest.
(13)Ipromisetoreturnbackbefore10.
(14)Thebookcontainsmuchuseinformation.It’swellworthreading.
(15)Thisisquitefarthemostlyexpensivebicycleintheshop.
(16)Theworkerswarmwelcomedusattheiroffices.
(17)Oh,it’ssimplywonderfullytoseeyouhere!
(18)Sheisinmorehealthnowthanshewaslastyear.
【参考答案】
(1)carefully改为careful,用形容词作表语。
(2)去掉more,more不能修饰比较级。
(3)few改为fewer,注意句中的than。
(4)将much改为more,或在much后加more,此句涉及skiing与skating的比较。
(5)most改为more,themore…themore…意为“越……越……”。
(6)frightening改为frightened,frightening表示“令人害怕的”、“恐怖的”;frightened表示“感到害怕的”。
(7)real改为really,修饰形容词用really,不用real。
(8)difficult改为difficulty,用名词形式作介词without的宾语。
(9)asleep改为sleeping,asleep为表语形容词,不用于名词前作定语。
(10)well改为good,nice等,taste在此为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。
(11)rain改为rainy,此处用形容词作表语。
(12)去掉down,因set相当于godown,本身就包括了down。
(13)去掉back,或将return改为come/be。
因return相当于comeback或beback。
(14)use改为useful,用形容词作定语修饰名词。
(15)mostly改为most,most在此用于构成最高级。
(16)warm改为warmly,修饰动词要用副词,不用形容词。
(17)wonderfully改为wonderful,用形容词作表语。
(18)more改为better,为ingoodhealth的比较级形式。
时态
一、考点规律分析
动词时态考点主要涉及一般现在时与一般过去的区别,其命题方式通常是在一个一般现在时的背景下误用某个一般过去时;或者反过来,在一个一般过去时的背景下误用某个一般现在时。
从所涉及的动词来看,主要涉及be和have两个常用动词。
有时也涉及其他时态,如一般将来时,现在完成时等,但很少见。
二、真题单句归纳
(1)Weweredrivingalonganarrowroadwhenthecarstop…(stop改为stopped)(全国卷)
(2)…andhadreturnedtothecar!
Billisstandingatthesideofthecar(is改为was)(全国卷)
(3)TwomonthsagotheywerebackinAmerica.LastSunday,policecarshurrytothe…(hurry改为hurried)(全国卷)
(4)Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.(第二个is改为was)(全国卷)
(5)Also,scientistsanddoctorshadlearnedhowtodealwithmanydiseases.(had改为have)(全国卷)
(6)Anyonemayborrowbooks,anditcostnothingtoborrowthem.(cost改为costs)(全国卷)
(7)Ifthebookyouwillwantisout,youmayaskforittobecalledbackforyou.(去掉will)(全国卷)
(8)Ihadalwayswantedtoreturntothevillageaftermovingawayanditisreallygreattosee
mostofmyoldfriendsagain.(is改为was)(全国卷)
(9)Theyofferedmecoffeeandotherdrinks.Wehaveagoodtimetalkingandlaughingtogether.(have改为had)(全国卷)
(10)IlearnaboutyoufrommyEnglishteacher,MissFang.(learn改为learned)(全国卷)
(11)Myfavouritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourschoolfootballteam.(was改为is)(全国卷)
(12)Iamhappywithanyprogrammebuttheothersspentalotoftimearguingandtherewasnowayofsettlingthematterexceptbysellingtheset.(am改为was)(全国卷)
(13)I’dlikeverymuchtocomebutIhadanexaminationonMondaymorning.Itisavery…
(had改为have)(北京春)
(14)Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.(calm改为calmed)(全国卷)
(15)Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimeto…(did改为do)(全国卷)
(16)Hesaidheisbusy.(is改为was)(北京春)
(17)OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturessincethescenerywassobeautiful.Thetimepassesquickly.(passes改为passed)(全国卷)
(18)Buthisparentsthinkgoingtocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsportsandcollegewas
theonlyplaceforasmartboylikehisson.(was改为is)(安徽卷)
(19)AtonceIapologizeandcontrolledmyseffatmybesttillthedinnerstarted.(apologize改为
apologized)(江苏卷)
(20)Sometimes,