牛津深圳版初二英语上册语法讲解 Unit 6 现在完成时二.docx
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牛津深圳版初二英语上册语法讲解Unit6现在完成时二
2020-2021年牛津深圳版初二英语上册语法讲解Unit6现在完成时
（二）
现在完成时的五个考点
1.havebeento/havegoneto/havebeenin的区别
havebeento+地点表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。
（once,twice...）
havegoneto+地点表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。
（whereissb?
）
havebeenin+地点表示在某地呆多长时间。
（for…../since…..）
Eg:
IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.我去过北京两次。
--WhereisTom?
--HehasgonetoAmerica.汤姆在哪里？
他去了美国。
IhavebeeninShenzhenfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsago.我已经在深圳两年了。
2.现在完成时和一般过去时区别
现在完成时与现在有关的时态，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。
一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关，若询问该动作发生在过去的具体的时间时，只能用一般过去时。
试比较：
Theplanehasarrived.飞机已经来了。
（说明现在的情况：
飞机在这儿）
Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飞机是一刻钟以前来的。
（强调动作发生时间在过去）
Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在这儿教了十五年。
（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能继续）
Itaughthereayearago.我一年前在这儿教书。
（表示我现在已经不在这任教了）
3.since和for区别
since+时间点（过去一个时间点/一段时间+ago/从句）
for+时间段,与延续性动词连用。
如：
IhaveworkedinShenzhensince2007.
IhaveworkedinShenzhensincefiveyearsago.
IhavelivedheresinceIwastenyearsold.
IhaveworkedinShenzhenforfiveyears.
4.短暂性动词和延续性动词区别
①短暂性动词：
表示不能延续的动作，如：
open,die,close,begin,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等
②延续性动词：
表示能够延续的动作，如：
learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have等
短暂动词不能和时间段连用，若与时间段连用，必须将短暂性动词改成延续性动词。
◆短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换
（1）短暂性动词转化为意思相同的延续性动词
borrow/lend—keep借—保有
puton—wear/bein穿上
become—be变—是
gettoknow—know了解
buy—have/own买—拥有
catchacold—haveacold感冒
receive—have收到—拥有
gotosleep—sleep去睡觉
join—beinmemberof+组织/beinthe+组织加入
（2）将短暂性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”
begin—beon上演（last持续）
gothere—bethere去那
comeback—beback回来
comehere—behere来这
open—beopen开
close—beclosed关着
die—bedead死
marry—bemarried结婚
finish—beover结束
gotobed—beinbed睡觉
leave—beaway（from）离开
return—beback返回
getout—beout出去
fallasleep—beasleep入睡
lose—belost丢失
fallill—beill生病
Øbuy—have买；borrow/lend—keep借
Iboughtthecameralastweek.我上周买了部相机。
Ihavehadthecameraforaweek.相机我买了一个星期。
Ødie—bedead死；leave—beaway离开
Themandiedtwoyearsago.这个男人两年前死的。
Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.这个男人死了两年了。
Øjoin—beinthe+组织/beamemberof+组织
Shejoinedthearmytwoyearsago.
Shehasbeenasoliderfortwoyears.她入伍两年了。
Øopen—beopen开张；close—beclosed关闭
Theshopopenedlastyear.=Theshophasbeenopenforayear.商店开了一年了。
5.现在完成时的主要句型
1）.主语+have/has+延续性动词的过去分词+for+时间段
HehaslearnedEnglishfornearlytwoyears.他学习英语近两年了。
2）.主语+have/has+延续性动词的过去分词+since时间点/since+一般过去时.
Ihaveworkedinthefactorysince2007.
WehavelivedinShenzhensinceIwasborn.我自从出生以来就住在深圳。
3）.It’s+时间段+since+一般过去时
Itistwoyearssincehedied.=Hediedtwoyearsago.=Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears.他死了两年了。
【即学即练】
1.同义句转换
1）LiLeijoinedthePartythreeyearsago.
LiLeithePartythreeyears.
LiLeithePartythreeyearsago.
2）MyfatherleftGuizhoulastweek.
MyfatherGuizhouaweek.
MyfatherGuizhoulastweek.
2.WilliamShakespeare______for400years,buthisworksstillhavegreatinfluencetoday.
A.diedB.wasdyingC.hasdiedD.hasbeendead
3.I_____myhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit.
A.wentawayfromB.havebeenawayfrom
C.haveleft
【参考答案】
1.1）hasbeenin;for/hasbeenin;since
2）hasbeenawayfrom;for/hasbeenawayfrom;since
2-3DB
综合练习
一、单选题
（）1.---Isthatanewcoat?
---No,I______itforalongtime.
A.bought B.havebought C.havehad
（）2.---______youever______totheGreatWall?
---Yes,Threetimes.
A.Has,beenB.Have,beenC.Have,gone
（）3.---Whatanicewatch!
Howlong______you______it?
---Forjusttwoweeks.
A.will;buy B.have;had C.were;having D.did;buy
（）4.---MayIspeaktoMr.Lee？
—Sorry,he______Harbin,he______thecityfortwodays.
A.hasbeento,hasbeeninB.hasgoneto,hasbeento
C.hasgoneto,hasbeenin
（）5.---Howmanytimes______Carl______totheGreatWall?
---Onlyonce.
A.does,go B.did,go C.has,gone D.has,been
（）6.---Theboymisseshisparentsverymuch.
---Sohedoes.They______thehometownfornearlytwoyears.
A.haveleft B.willleaveC.havebeenawayfrom
（）7.---MayIspeaktoMr.Smith?
---Sorry,heisn’tin.He______Changsha.
A.hasbeento B.hasgonetoC.wentto
（）8.LeiFeng______formanyyears，buthisspiritisstillencouragingus．
A.diedB.hasbeendeadC.hasdied
（）9.He______Americatwice.He______therein1987and1995.
A.hasgoneto,hasbeentoB.hasbeento,hasbeento
C.hasbeento,wentD.hasgoneto,went
（）10.---I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglong.
---Nevermind.I_____hereforonlyafewminutes.
A.havebeenB.havecomeC.wasD.am
（）11.---It’sagreatpitythatthefamousfootballplayerhasgonetoanotherclub.
---Don’tworry!
They______anothertopstarrecently.
A.buy B.bought C.havebought
（）12.‘IwanttogotoMars（火星）,becauseit'saplacethatnoone______tobefore,’saidCarson.
A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.wasD.went
（）13.---Where______John______?
---Tothelibrary.He______thereforanhour.
A.has,been,hasgone B.has,gone,hasbeen
C.has,been,hasgone D.did,be,went
（）14
.Since2000,he_____hishometown.
A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfromD.left
（）15.---Excuseme,hasthefilmalready_________?
---Yes.Thefilm_________forabouttenminutes.
A.started,hasbeenonB.started,hasstarted
C．beenon,startedD.beenon,hasstarted
当堂练习
随堂练习：
（）1.---Mom,IwanttowatchTheLegendofMiyueonChannel8tonight.
---Oh,dear,it______forafewminutes.Comeon!
A.hasbegun B.willbegin C.hasbeenon D.willbeon
（）2.---Pleaselookatthesestamps.I______themforfiveyears.
---Wow,theyarefantastic!
A.havekept B.havebought C.borrowed D.kept
（）3.---Howlong______yourbrother______thiscamera?
---Fortwoweeks.
A.have;bought B.have;had C.has;had D.has;bought
（）4.WilliamShakespeare______for400years,buthisworksstillhavegreatinfluencetoday.
A.died B.wasdying C.hasdied D.hasbeendead
（）5.---Theboymisseshisparentsverymuch．
---Sohedoes．They______thehometownfornearlytwoyears.
A.haveleftB.willleaveC.havebeenawayfrom
（）6.---Whatabeautifulwatch!
Isitnew?
---No,Ihave_____itfor3years.
A.gotB.keptC.boughtD.had
（）7.---MayIspeaktoHelen?
---Sorry,she_______fortwodays.
A.wasawayB.hasleftforAmerica
C.hasgonetoAmericaD.hasbeenaway
（）8.Thegirlwithherparents______theGreenerChinasincetwoyearsago.
A.havejoinedB.hasjoinedC.hasbeeninD.havebeenin
（）9.---Amy,Ithinkyouhavetoreturnthebooktothelibrarytoday.
---Why?
I_______itforonlyoneweek.
A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.keptD.havekept
（）10.---Look!
YourteacherMissWhiteisoverthere.
---No,itcan'tbeher.She______toBeijing.
A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.wentD.willgo
（）11.---HoboandEddie______thecinematowatchthefilmZootopia.
---Oh,that’swhyIcan'tfindthemnow.
A.havegonetoB.havebeentoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento
（）12.---Lucyhas______toLondon.HowcanIgetintouchwithher?
---Don’tworry.Shewillphoneyouassoonasshe______there.
A.been,willgetB.been,getsC.gone,willgetD.gone,gets
（）13.---______youever______toZhangjiajie?
---Yes.Iwenttherelastsummer.
A.Do,go B.Have,been C.Have,gone
（）14.---Whatagedidyouleavehome?
---Ilefthomeat18,Neil.I______yourcityforfiveyears.
A.havegoneto B.havebeento C.havebeenin D.havecometo
（）15.“IwanttogotoMars（火星）,becauseit’saplacethatnoone______tobefore,”saidCarson.
A.hasgone B.hasbeen C.was D.went
（）16.---Yunnanisverybeautiful.I______therelastyear.
---Yes,I______theretwice.
A.went,havegone B.went,havebeen
C.havegone,wentD.havebeen,went
课后巩固
一．选择题
1.---WhenwilltheTVshowComeSingWithMebegintonight?
---It____fortenminutes.
A.willbeginB.hasbeenon
C.willbeon
2.---WhereisDick?
---He_____tothereadingroom.
A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.wentD.goes
3.---Hi,Tony!
_________you__________tothenewly-openedshoppingmall,Tangdao637lately?
---Yes.Iwenttherewithmyparentslastweek.
A.Did；goB.Have：
beenC.Have；goneD.Do：
go
4.---Jill,whereisAlice?
---Oh,she______tothelibrary.
A.goesB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone
5.EveryoneinmyclassexceptTomandMarytoBeijing.
A.havebeenB.havegoneC.hasbeen
6.---Hurryup,themovieWolfWarriorⅡfor10minutes.
---OK,I'mcomingrightnow.
A.beganB.hasbegun
C.hasbeenon
7.---Isyourfatherinnow?
---No,he____toFanChangjiangMemorialwithhisfriends.
A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.willgo
8.Themovieforabout5minutes,solet'sseethenextone.
A.hasbeenonB.hasstarted
C.started
9.---WhenwilltheTVplayIntheNameofPeople《人民的名义》begintonight?
---It____fortenminutes.
A.willbeginB.hasbegun
C.willbeonD.hasbeenon
10.---Parisisawonderfulplace.
---Soitis.Itheretwice.
A.havebeenB.havegoneC.wentD.willgo
11.---Yournewwatchissonice!
Whendidyoubuyit?
---InApril.I_____itfortwomonths.
A.havehadB.had
C.haveboughtD.bought
12.---It'stimetoworknow.
---OK.I'llwakeCarlup.He______foranhour.
A.hasfallenasleepB.hasbeenasleep
C.fellasleepD.fallsasleep
13.---You'relookingverysmartinanewsuittoday.
---Thanks.Buttotellyouthetruth,Iitforquiteafewyears.
A.boughtB.havebought
C.hadD.havehad
14.---Whenwillyoursist
升级会员 