牛津深圳版初二英语上册语法讲解 Unit 6 现在完成时二.docx

1、牛津深圳版初二英语上册语法讲解 Unit 6 现在完成时二2020-2021年牛津深圳版初二英语上册语法讲解 Unit 6 现在完成时（二）现在完成时的五个考点1.have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别have been to +地点 表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。(once ,twice.)have gone to +地点 表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。(where is sb ?)have been in +地点 表示在某地呆多长时间。（for./ since .）Eg: I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北

2、京两次。 -Where is Tom? - He has gone to America. 汤姆在哪里？ 他去了美国。I have been in Shenzhen for two years/ since two years ago. 我已经在深圳两年了。2. 现在完成时和一般过去时区别现在完成时与现在有关的时态，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关，若询问该动作发生在过去的具体的时间时，只能用一般过去时。试比较： The plane has arrived. 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quar

3、ter ago. 飞机是一刻钟以前来的。（强调动作发生时间在过去）I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能继续）I taught here a year ago. 我一年前在这儿教书。（表示我现在已经不在这任教了）3.since 和for 区别since + 时间点（过去一个时间点/ 一段时间 + ago/ 从句）for + 时间段,与延续性动词连用。如： I have worked in Shenzhen since 2007. I have worked in Shenzhen since f

4、ive years ago. I have lived here since I was ten years old. I have worked in Shenzhen for five years.4. 短暂性动词和延续性动词区别 短暂性动词：表示不能延续的动作，如：open, die, close, begin, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等 延续性动词：表示能够延续的动作，如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have 等短暂动词不能和时间段连用，若与时间段连用，必须将短暂性动词改成延续性动词

5、。短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换(1)短暂性动词转化为意思相同的延续性动词borrow/lendkeep 借保有put onwear/ be in 穿上becomebe 变是get to knowknow 了解buyhave/ own 买拥有catch a coldhave a cold 感冒receive have 收到拥有go to sleepsleep 去睡觉join be in member of+组织/ be in the+ 组织 加入(2)将短暂性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”beginbe on上演（last 持续）go therebe there 去那come backbe b

6、ack 回来come herebe here 来这openbe open 开closebe closed 关着diebe dead 死marrybe married 结婚finishbe over 结束go to bedbe in bed 睡觉leavebe away (from) 离开returnbe back 返回get outbe out 出去fall asleepbe asleep 入睡losebe lost 丢失fall illbe ill 生病buyhave 买；borrow/lendkeep 借I bought the camera last week. 我上周买了部相机。I h

7、ave had the camera for a week. 相机我买了一个星期。diebe dead 死；leavebe away 离开The man died two years ago. 这个男人两年前死的。The man has been dead for two years. 这个男人死了两年了。joinbe in the +组织/ be a member of+组织She joined the army two years ago.She has been a solider for two years. 她入伍两年了。open be open 开张； closebe closed

8、 关闭The shop opened last year. = The shop has been open for a year. 商店开了一年了。5. 现在完成时的主要句型1). 主语+have/has +延续性动词的过去分词+ for+ 时间段He has learned English for nearly two years. 他学习英语近两年了。2). 主语+have/has +延续性动词的过去分词+since 时间点 /since+一般过去时.I have worked in the factory since 2007.We have lived in Shenzhen sin

9、ce I was born. 我自从出生以来就住在深圳。3). Its +时间段+since +一般过去时It is two years since he died.= He died two years ago.= He has been dead for two years. 他死了两年了。【即学即练】1. 同义句转换1) Li Lei joined the Party three years ago.Li Lei the Party three years.Li Lei the Party three years ago.2) My father left Guizhou last we

10、ek. My father Guizhou a week.My father Guizhou last week.2. William Shakespeare _ for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A. died B. was dying C. has died D. has been dead3. I _ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it. A. went away from B. have been away from C. have lef

11、t 【参考答案】1. 1) has been in; for/ has been in; since 2) has been away from; for/ has been away from; since2-3 DB综合练习一、单选题( ) 1. - Is that a new coat?- No, I_it for a long time.A.boughtB.have boughtC.have had( ) 2. - _ you ever _ to the Great Wall?- Yes, Three times. A. Has, been B. Have, been C. Have,

12、 gone( ) 3. - What a nice watch! How long_you_it?- For just two weeks.A.will;buyB.have;hadC.were;havingD.did;buy( ) 4. - May I speak to Mr. Lee？ Sorry, he _ Harbin, he _ the city for two days.A. has been to, has been in B. has gone to, has been toC. has gone to, has been in ( ) 5. - How many times_C

13、arl_to the Great Wall?- Only once.A. does, goB. did, goC. has, goneD. has, been( ) 6. - The boy misses his parents very much.- So he does. They_the hometown for nearly two years.A.have left B.will leave C.have been away from( ) 7. - May I speak to Mr.Smith?- Sorry, he isnt in. He_Changsha.A. has bee

14、n toB. has gone to C. went to( ) 8. Lei Feng _ for many years，but his spirit is still encouraging usA. died B. has been dead C. has died ( ) 9. He_ America twice. He_ there in 1987 and 1995.A. has gone to, has been to B. has been to, has been toC. has been to, went D. has gone to, went( ) 10. - Im s

15、orry to have kept you waiting long. - Never mind. I _ here for only a few minutes. A. have been B. have come C. was D. am( ) 11. - Its a great pity that the famous football player has gone to another club.- Dont worry! They_another top star recently.A.buyB.boughtC.have bought( ) 12. I want to go to

16、Mars (火星), because its a place that no one _ to before, said Carson. A. has gone B. has been C. was D. went( ) 13. - Where_ John_?- To the library. He_ there for an hour.A. has, been, has goneB. has, gone, has beenC. has, been, has goneD. did, be, went( ) 14. Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has le

17、ft B. has moved away C. has been away from D. left( ) 15. - Excuse me, has the film already _? - Yes. The film _ for about ten minutes. A. started, has been on B. started, has started Cbeen on, started D. been on, has started当堂练习随堂练习：( ) 1. - Mom, I want to watch The Legend of Miyue on Channel 8 ton

18、ight.- Oh, dear, it_for a few minutes. Come on!A. has begunB. will beginC. has been onD. will be on( ) 2. - Please look at these stamps. I_them for five years.- Wow, they are fantastic!A.have keptB.have boughtC.borrowedD.kept( ) 3. - How long_your brother_this camera?- For two weeks.A. have;boughtB.

19、have;hadC.has;hadD.has;bought( ) 4. William Shakespeare_for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today.A.diedB.was dyingC.has diedD.has been dead( ) 5. - The boy misses his parents very much- So he doesThey _ the hometown for nearly two years. A. have left B. will leave C. have been a

20、way from ( ) 6. - What a beautiful watch! Is it new? - No, I have _ it for 3years. A. got B. kept C. bought D. had( ) 7. - May I speak to Helen? - Sorry, she _ for two days. A. was away B. has left for America C. has gone to America D. has been away( ) 8. The girl with her parents _ the Greener Chin

21、a since two years ago. A. have joined B. has joined C. has been in D. have been in( ) 9. - Amy, I think you have to return the book to the library today. - Why? I _ it for only one week. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept( ) 10. - Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there.- No, it c

22、ant be her. She _ to Beijing.A. has gone B. has been C. went D. will go( ) 11. - Hobo and Eddie _ the cinema to watch the film Zootopia.- Oh, that s why I cant find them now. A. have gone to B. have been to C. has gone to D. has been to( ) 12. - Lucy has _ to London. How can I get in touch with her?

23、- Don t worry. She will phone you as soon as she _ there. A. been, will get B. been, gets C. gone, will get D. gone, gets( ) 13. - _you ever_to Zhangjiajie?- Yes. I went there last summer.A. Do, goB. Have, beenC. Have, gone( ) 14. - What age did you leave home?- I left home at 18, Neil. I_your city

24、for five years.A. have gone toB. have been toC. have been inD. have come to( ) 15. “I want to go to Mars (火星), because its a place that no one_to before,” said Carson.A. has goneB. has beenC. wasD. went( ) 16. - Yunnan is very beautiful. I_there last year.- Yes, I_there twice.A. went, have gone B. w

25、ent, have been C. have gone, went D. have been, went课后巩固一选择题1. - When will the TV show Come Sing With Me begin tonight?- It _ for ten minutes. A. will begin B. has been on C. will be on2. - Where is Dick?- He_to the reading room. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes3. - Hi, Tony! _ you _ to the n

26、ewly-opened shopping mall, Tangdao 637 lately?- Yes. I went there with my parents last week. A. Did； go B. Have： been C. Have； gone D. Do： go4. - Jill, where is Alice?- Oh, she _ to the library. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. had gone5. Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing. A. have be

27、en B. have gone C. has been6. - Hurry up, the movie Wolf Warrior for 10minutes. - OK, Im coming right now. A. began B. has begun C. has been on7. - Is your father in now?- No, he_ to Fan Changjiang Memorial with his friends. A. has been B. has gone C. will go8. The movie for about 5 minutes, so lets

28、 see the next one. A. has been on B. has started C. started9. - When will the TV play In the Name of People人民的名义begin tonight?- It_for ten minutes. A. will begin B. has begun C. will be on D. has been on10. - Paris is a wonderful place. - So it is. I there twice. A. have been B. have gone C. went D.

29、 will go11. - Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?- In April. I _ it for two months.A. have had B. had C. have bought D. bought12. - Its time to work now. - OK. Ill wake Carl up. He_for an hour. A. has fallen asleep B. has been asleep C. fell asleep D. falls asleep13. - Youre looking very smart in a new suit today. - Thanks. But to tell you the truth, I it for quite a few years. A. bought B. have bought C. had D. have had14. - When will your sist