college english 311交大大学英语课件一.docx
《college english 311交大大学英语课件一.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《college english 311交大大学英语课件一.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
collegeenglish311交大大学英语课件一
UnitOne:
ABrushwiththeLaw
Thebriefofthestory
Thestoryhappenedabouttenyearsago.ThetwopolicemenarrestedmebecauseIworelonghair,wanderedinthestreet,andwasunemployed.TheysuspectedthatIstolethemilkbottles.AndIwastakentocourt.But,becauseofmy“rightaccent,”myrespectablemiddle-classparents,etc.,Iwasreleased.Fromthestory,weknowthatthelawitselfissometimesunjust.
TheSixties’“youthcounterculture”
Theword“counterculture”wascoinedinthe1960’sfortheattitudeandlifestyleofmanyyoungpeoplewhorejectedconventionalsocialvaluesanddemandedmorepersonalfreedom.ThecounterculturefirstaroseintheU.S.duringthe1960’sandsoonspreadtoBritain,Franceandotherwesterncountries.TheseyoungpeoplewereopposedtotheVietnamWaranddissatisfiedwiththeexistingstateofaffairsintheirsociety.Yet,unabletofindamoreconstructivewayofstrugglingagainstthese,theyindulgedthemselvesinsex,drugs,alcoholandrockmusicandtookgreatprideinwearinglonghairsandunusualclothesandintakingupanythingthatwasunconventional.Thecounterculturedeclinedinthelate1970’s.（颓废的一代）
Compare:
lostgeneration（二战后的迷茫的一代）
Preface
stroll（vi&n.）:
walkwithoutanypurpose
stroll（vi.）alongthestreet;takeastroll（n.）alongthestreet
leadto（something）=resultin;bringabout;cause
eventually=atlast;finally
beincourtfortrial=have/experiencealawsuitinthecourt
ABrushwiththeLaw
（与法律的一场小冲突）
brush（n.）:
ashortfightorquarrel;anargumentordisagreement;conflict（冲突;争吵;不和）
tohaveabrushwithsb.=tohaveaconflictwithsb.
brushaside（扫除）;brushaway（刷掉）;brushup（擦亮;复习）;brushoff（打发掉;不愿见）
Paragraphs1-3
beintroublewith（sth./sb.）;havetroublewithsb.orinsth.
Compare:
process（做事的过程）；procedure（规定的程序）
e.g.:
Accordingtothe_____stipulatedinthemanual,youmustfinishtheoperationinsucha_____.
takesb.tocourt:
takealegalactionagainstsb.;launchalawsuitagainstsb.
e.g.:
Ifyougoonill-treatingyourwifelikethis,youwillbetakentocourt.
holdacourt（开庭）;gotocourt（起诉）;
acivilcourt（民事法庭）;acriminalcourt（刑事法庭）
e.g.Thetwopartieshaveagreedtosettlethecaseoutofcourt.（庭外;不经法庭）
Compare:
rather/quite
rathercoldbutquitewarm;ratherunpleasantbutquitehappy
experience（C）经历；（U）经验
…itmakesagoodstorynow=…itprovidesmaterialforagoodstorynow
arbitrary（adj.）:
basedonone’sownwishesorwillratherthanreason（专横的;武断的）
e.g.:
Ifaleadermakesdecisionswithoutconductinginvestigations,heisbeingarbitrary.
subsequent（adj.）=following;happeninglater;ensuing;（随后的）
1）Wemadeaplanforavisit,butsubsequentdifficultieswiththecarpreventedit.
2）Subsequent/Ensuingeventsprovedthatmyjudgmentofthesituationwasright.
fate（n.）=fortune（命运）
Whatmakesitratherdisturbingwasthearbitrarycircumstancesbothofmyarrestandmysubsequentfateincourt.（这次经历令人可恼之处在于围绕着我的被捕以及随后庭上审讯而出现的种种武断专横的情况）
acoupleof:
asmallnumberof;afew,usuallytwo
…wasnotduetogotouniversityuntilthefollowingOctober
InBritaintheuniversitytermsare:
Oct.–Dec.;Jan.–March;April–June
due（adj.）:
expectedorscheduledtoarriveorbeready;supposed（to）（预期的;到期的）
1）ThetrainfromBeijingisdueat1:
30p.m.
3）TheL/Cwillbedue（=mature;expiry）tomorrow.
suburb=outskirtsCompare:
urbanarea–ruralarea
Compare:
temporaryjob（临时工）/part-timejob–permanentliving
certificate
Compare:
（以下三种表达方式的语气）
must+havep.p./should+havep.p./could+havep.p.
1）Youmusthavemadesomemistakes.
2）Youshouldhaveseenthatfilm.
3）Youcouldhavedoneitbetterifyouhadtakenmy
advice.
downfall=ruin（垮台;衰落）
e.g.ChinaenteredintoanewperiodwiththedownfalloftheGangofFour.
Paragraphs4-6
takeone’stime（不着急;慢慢来）
e.g.:
Pleasetakeyourtimeandgooveryourreportonceagain.
havingunsuccessfullysoughtemploymentthere现在分词短语作伴随时间状语
sought:
原形动词是seek
outofemployment=outofjob=jobless
employmentagency职业介绍所
walkacross（=cross）theroadwiththeobvious（=veryclear）intention（=purpose）
instead（adv.）=onthecontrary
police/armyofficer（军官）butgovernmentofficial（官员）
joke:
playajokewithsb.（与某人开玩笑）
in（=wear）uniform;inred;inplainclothes（穿着便服）
Iwasleftinnodoubt.（使我确信无疑/我完全明白了）
Pattern:
leave+sb./sth.+介词短语/形容词/过去分词
（使某人或某事处于某种状态）
leavethebookonthedesk
leavehimangry
leavethemistakeuncorrected
Patternsregarding“doubt”
Thereisnodoubt（n.）thathewillcomesoon.（correct）
Itisnodoubtthat…（wrong）
doubt（v.）除了在否定句与疑问句里以外,后面通常接whether而不接that
Idonotdoubtthathewillcomesoon.
Doyoudoubtthathewillcomesoon.
Idoubtwhetherhewillcomesoon.（不用that）
wander（vi.）:
walkaroundaplaceinacasualway,oftenwithoutafixedcourse,aimorpurpose（闲逛,漫游）
e.g.:
Davidwanderedthroughthebookstore,hopingtofindagoodbookforhischild’sbirthday.
wanderabout（漂泊;闲逛）;wanderfromthetopic（偏离主题）
commitoffence/acrime/murder/suicide/amistake/anerror
e.g.:
Duringtheiroccupationofchina,theJapaneseinvaderscommittedmanyhorriblecrimesagainsttheChinesepeople.
arrest+able/ask+able/work+able/read+able
offence（BrE）=offense（AmE）:
thehurtingoffeeling（冒犯）
withintenttodosth=onpurposetodosth有企图/目的做某事
steal（=pilfer）–thief（=pilferer）–theft（=pilferage）
perfectlystraightface:
afaceshowingnoemotionorhumor;averyseriouslookingface（完全板着面孔）
perfectly（adv.）=（here）completely;very
e.g.:
Hisbossisperfectlysatisfiedwithyourarrangement.
Itturnedout（that）therehadbeenalotofpettytheftsinthearea.（it是形式主语，there句是主语从句省略了引导词that）
turnout:
provetobe;befoundordiscovered（tobe）
1）TheGMofthebigcompanyturnedouttobeayoungwomanofabout30yearsold.
2）Theweatherturnedoutprettynicethatday.
petty=small;unimportante.g.:
pettycash零用钱;零星收支
untidy:
notcleanandneat（不整洁）
Pattern
regard…as…orregard…tobe…:
consider
1）Healwaysregardhimselfasagreattalent
2）Theyregardyoutobetheirgoodfriend.
asaresult因此;结果（是词组）;asaresultof（…的结果）
1）Shedidn’tworkhard,asaresult,shedidn’tpasstheexam.
2）Tenpeoplediedasaresultoftheaccident.
beconcernedwith---beunconcernedwith=benotconcernedwith（对…不担心/漠不关心）
incident=event（事件）;accident=unexpectedmisfortunehappening（事故）
inthe…tone（以…语气）
casual:
relaxedandunconcernedaboutwhatishappeningorwhatoneisdoing;careless;informal（随便的;随意的）
1）Becauseofhiscasualattitudetowardwork,hewasfired.
2）Hetriedtoappearcasualasheaskedtheprettygirltodance.
Pattern
AisfamiliarwithB=BisfamiliartoA
confirm:
makesure/certain;strengthen;makefirmer
1）Ifyouneedthereservedtheroom,pleaseconfirmitassoonaspossible.
2）Theresultofmyexperimentshasconfirmedmybeliefthatyourtheoryiscorrect.
…itconfirmedthemintheirbelief（=reinforcedtheirbelief）thatIwasathoroughly（=very/completely/absolutely）disreputablecharacter（=person）（是belief同位语）
dis+repute+abledisputable声名狼藉的
character=person
Paragraphs7-10
getin（上车）:
Note:
getonthebusbutgetin/intothecar
Compare:
not…anymore（强调频率）
not…anylonger（强调时间）
e.g.:
Ifyoudonotsendmeareplysoon,Iwillnotwritetoyou_____,sinceIcannotwait_______.
Theygotoneitherside（=onbothsides）ofme.
Patterns
question（vt.）sth.ofsb.=asksthofsb.
questionsb.sth=asksb.sth.
Patterns
continuetodosth.（morecommon）=continuedoingsth.
worldly（adj.）=sophisticated:
experiencedinthewaysofsociety（老于世故的）
aufait（French）:
beaufaitwith=befamiliarwith
unemployed=jobless
eventually=finally;atlast
Patterns
chargesb.withsth=accusesb.ofsth.=taxsb.withsth=launchalawsuit/legalactionagainstsb.（从法律上指控某人）
magistratecourt=localcourt（地方法庭）
conduct:
manage;direct;carryon（主持;处理;运作）
Thepoliceareconductinginvestigationsintothesemurders.
conductone’sdefence（BrE=defenseAmE）incourt（在法庭上作自我辩护）
Compare:
lawyer:
thegeneraltermforanyonewhoseworkitistoadvisehisclientsaboutthelawandrepresentthemincourt（律师统称）
solicitor:
（BrE=lawyer初级律师）alawyerwhogivesadvice,appearsinlowercourts,andpreparescasesforabarristertoargueinahighercourt.
barrister:
（出庭律师）alawyerwhohastherightofspeakingandarguinginthehighercourtsoflaw
findout:
get/reachtheresultoffindingafterovercominglotsofdifficulties
bearmedwith=beequippedwith（配备;以…武装）
Compare:
evidence（证据）;witness（目击证据）:
evidenceonthespot
characterwitness人证;witness（vt.）:
seeonthespot（目睹）
callon/uponsb.todo:
=demand/requiresb.todo要求某人做某事
My“trial”didn’tgetthatfar.:
My“trial”endedbeforeitreachedthestagewhenwitnesseswouldbecalledontogiveevidence.
get（=go/reach）thatfar;far:
toacertainpoint,degree,orstage
e.g.:
Hewentsofarastocheatopenlyonexams.
dismiss（=refusetoconsider）thecase驳回此案
dismiss（=fire）sb.解雇/开除某人
stand（=have/get）achance获得个机会
costs（pl.）:
（此处指）诉讼费
award（vt.）:
（此处指）判给;awardsb.sth.:
授予某人某物
e.g.:
Thecompanyawardedhimthehighestyearlybonus.
Pattern:
succeedindoingsth成功做某事
Paragraphs11-13
criminalrecord:
recordofcommittingcrimes
Compare:
shocking/surprising/astonishing/stunning/amazing
release（vt.&n.）释放
release（=issue/makeopen）thenews
release（=deliver/ship）thegoods
Hehasbeenreleasedfromthejailfornoevidencetobefoundagainsthim.
accent（口音）Americanaccent/Britishaccent
Ihadthe“right”accent.:
Thisprovedthathewaswell-educated.
升级会员 