过去分词作宾语补足语.docx
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过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾补用法归纳
英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。
做宾补的
过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
如：
Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback.（宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。
）
一．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。
eg:
Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.
Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.（谚语：
少说多看）
Don'tleavesuchanimportantthingundone.
Don'tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.
二．过分词用在get,have,make等使役动词的宾语后面作宾语补足语。
例如：
。
1.注意“have+宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：
A）表"让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做"
eg:
Hehadhishousedamagedinthestorm.他的房子被暴风雨毁坏了。
Ihavehadmybikerepaired.
Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.
B）表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受....影响，蒙受..... 损失"
eg:
Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.
Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.
Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday. （MET1986）
2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。
如：
TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.
Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.
三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语后面作宾语补足语。
例如：
MrZhangfelthisfacelostbeforehisfriends.张先生觉得他在朋友面前丢面子了。
Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.
Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.
Hefelthimselfcheated.
Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.（NMET2000）
四、过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。
如
IwishtheofficepaintedwhitebeforeImovein.我希望办公室粉刷后再搬进去。
Thebosswouldn'tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.
Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedwhite.
Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.
Iwishtheproblemsettled.
五、过去分词用在“with+宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
如：
Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.一切都安排妥当以后，他离开了办公室。
Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.
Withmanybrightly-coloredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.
Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.
六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补：
宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。
其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
过去分词作宾补：
宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。
其动作先于谓语动作。
不定式作宾补：
表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。
eg:
Hedidn'tnoticemewaiting.
IheardthesongsunginEnglish.
Isawhimopeningthewindow.
Isawthewindowopened.
Isawhimopenthewindow.
IheardhersingthesonginEnglish. 七．过去分词作宾补时，要注意几种情况。
1.使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。
第一，过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。
如：
Hehadhismoneystolen.他的钱给偷了。
（被别人偷去了）
第二，过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。
如：
Hehadhislegbroken.他的腿断了。
（自己的经历）
2.过去分词在原句中作宾补时，如果原句变为被动语态，那么过去分词就在新句中作主补了。
如：
Thebigfireisreportedcontrolled.据报道这场大火已经得到控制。
Themeetingroomwasfoundthouroughlycleanedandeverythingarrangedingoodorder.人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。
专项训练1：
1.___pooratEnglish,I'mafraidIcan'tmakemyself___.
A. Tobe;understandB. I'm;tounderstand
C. Being;understandingD. Being;understood
2.Ihavehadmybike___,andI'mgoingtohavesomebody___myradiotomorrow.
A. repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepaired
C.repaired;repair D.torepair;repairing
3.Youmustgetthework___beforeFriday.
A.doB.todoC.doingD.done
4.___theroom,thenursefoundthetape-recorder___.
A.Entering;stealing B.Entering;gone
C.Tohaveentered;beingstolenD.Havingentered;tobestolen
5.Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem___soquickly.
A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settling
6.Mrs. Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad____wentwrongagain.（上海1999）
A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired
7.Itiswisetohavesomemoney___foroldage.（NMET1996）
A.putawayB.keepupC.giveawayD.laidup（putaway放好,储存...备用,处理掉,放弃,抛弃）
8.Idon'twantthechildren___outinsuchweather.
A.take B.totake C.taken D.taking
9.I'mafraidthatIcan'tmakemyself___becauseofmypoorEnglish.
A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood
10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.
A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied（表动作完成）
专项训练2：
1.Wefoundhergreatly___.
A.improvingB.changedC.tohelpD.havingdisturbed
2.Janegotherbadtooth___atthedentist's.
A.toputinB.pulledoutC.pushedoutD.drawingout
3.When____,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.（上海2002）
A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted
4.Withalotofdifficulties___,theywenttotheseashoreandhadagoodrest.
A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled
5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce___nothingcanbedonetochangeit.（NMET2002）
A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun（oncebegun在句中作状语，begin为及物动词:
“着手”）
6.___,theywenthome,___.
A.Theirworkhadbeenfinished;singingandlaughing
B.Theyhadfinishedtheirwork;sangandlaughed
C.Theirworkfinished;singingandlaughing
D.aftertheirworkfinished;singingandlaughing
7.BeforehecametoLondon,hehadneverheardasingleEnglishword___
A.speakingB.speakC.spokenD.tospeak
8.____moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven
9.___fromspace,theearthwithwater___70％ofitssurfacelookslikea"blueblanket".
A.Seen;coveredB.Beingseen;coversC.Seeing;coveringD.Seen;covering
10.____,theexperimentwillbesuccessful.
A.IfcarefullydoingB.IfitdonecarefullyC.IfcarefullydoneD.Ifdoingcarefully
11.Thegirlwroteacompositionwithout___.
A.askB.askingC.beingaskedD.tobeasked
12.Hefinishedhishomeworkandthenwenton___me.
A.helpingB.withhelpC.withhelpingD.tohelp
13.___wheretogo,heaskedapoliceman.
A.Havinglosthiswayandnotknowing
B.Losinghiswayanddidn'tknow
C.Havinglosthiswayanddidn'tknow
D.Losthiswayanddidn'tknow
14.____herfriendwasbadlyhurt,sheburstintotears.
A.HearingB.HavingheardC.TohearD.Heard
15.____histeamhadwon,hisfacelitupatonce.
A.KnowingB.WhenknowingC.AfterknowingD.Whenheknew
专项训练3：
1.Theyhurriedbackhomeonlytofindtheirhouse___into.
A.breakB.tobreakC.brokenD.breaking
2.Whenhecameto,hefoundhimself___onachair,withhishands___back.
A.tosit;tiedB.sitting;tyingC.sat;tiedD.sitting;tied
3.Wedonotfeel___toentermodernbuildings;everythingaboutthemseemsunfriendly.
A.invitedB.invitingC.toinviteD.tobeinvited
（feel后加形容词，此处的invited表主语we的感受）
4.I'mgoingtohavemyletters____tomorrowifI'vegotthemreadybythen.
A.totypeB.typeC.typedD.typing
5.Everygreatcultureinthepasthaditsownideasofbeauty___inartandliterature.
A.expressedB.toexpressC.beingexpressedD.tobeexpressed
答案：
专项训练1：
1-10DCDBACACDD
专项训练2：
:
1-15BBAADDDADCCDDAD
专项训练3：
:
1-5CDACA
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入句中空白处的最佳答案。
1.Theteachersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee ________thenextyear.
A.beingcarriedout B.carryingout
C.carriedout D.tocarryout
2.Weshouldkeepthem ________ofwhatisgoingonhere,sowemustkeepintouchwiththem.
A.informing B.informed
C.toinform D.beinginformed
3.ThemanageraskedmewhetherIknewthemanwithhishair ________back.
A.tied B.tying
C.tocut D.cutting
4.Manytownsandvillageshadtheirwatersupply ________ becausetherewasnoelectricity.
A.cuttingin B.tocutoff
C.cutoff D.cutin
5.Withoutthejob ________,Iwouldn'tdaretogohome.
A.finishing B.finished
C.tofinish D.beingfinished
6.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestion ________down,sohehadtokeepsilent.
A.beingturned B.turned
C.tobeturned D.toturn
7.Jacksondidn'tgethisbicycle ________soonenoughat John'sbecauseJohnhadalotofbicycles ________.
A.torepair;repaired
B.torepair;toberepaired
C.toberepaired;torepair
D.repaired;torepair
8.Themanagersaidthatnomatterwhathappened,he ________ thework ________within12hours.
A.wouldhave;finished
B.wouldhave;finish
C.mighthave;end
D.wouldhave;do
参考答案:
1—5CBACB 6—8BDA
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