1999年全国英语专业四级全真试题.docx

1999年全国英语专业四级全真试题.docx

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1999年全国英语专业四级全真试题

1999年全国英语专业四级全真试题

PartⅥREADINGCOMPREHENSION［30MIN.］SECTIONAREADINGCOMPREHENSION［25MIN.］Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthecorrectanswer.Markyourchoiceonyouranswersheet.TEXTASurprisingly,nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation.Properrecordsarejustnotkept.Weknowthatmorethan850.000childrengothroughhospitaleachyear,andthateverychildofschoolagehasalegalrighttocontinuetoreceiveeducationwhileinhospital.Wealsoknowthereisonlyonehospitalteachertoevery1,000childreninhospital.Littlewonderthelatestsurveyconcludesthattheextentandtypeofhospitalteachingavailabledifferagreatdealacrossthecountry.ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEnglandwhichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhaveonlyapart-timeteacher.Thespecialchildren‘shospitalsinmajorcitiesdobest;generalhospitalsinthecountryandholidayareasareworstoff.Fromthissurvey,onecanestimatethatfewerthanoneinfivechildrenhavesomecontactwithahospitalteacher-andthatcontactmaybeaslittleastwohoursaday.Mostchildreninterviewedweresurprisedtofindateacherinhospitalatall.Theyhadnotbeenpreparedforitbyparentsortheirownschool.Iftherewasateachertheyweremuchmorelikelytoreadbooksanddomathornumberwork;withoutateachertheywouldonlyplaygames.Reasonsforhospitalteachingrangefrompreventingachildfallingbehindandmaintainingthehabitofschooltokeepingachildoccupied,andthelatterisoftenalltheteachercando.Thepositionandinfluenceofmanyteacherswassummedupwhenparentsreferredtothemas“thelibrarylady”orjust“thehelper”.Childrentendtorelyonconcernedschoolfriendstokeepintouchwithschoolwork.Severalparentsspokeofrequestsforworkbeingignoredorrefusedbytheschool.Oncebackatschoolchildrenrarelygetextrateaching,andaretoldtocatchupasbesttheycan.Manyshort-staychild-patientscatchupquickly.Butschoolsdoverylittletoeasetheanxietyaboutfallingbehindexpressedbymanyofthechildreninterviewed.66.Theauthorpointsoutatthebeginningthat___.A.everychildinhospitalreceivessometeachingB.notenoughisknownabouthospitalteachingC.hospitalteachingisofpoorqualityD.thespecialchildren‘shospitalsareworstoff67.Itcanbeinferredfromthelatestsurveythat___.A.hospitalteachingacrossthecountryissimilarB.eachhospitalhasatleastonepart-timeteacherC.allhospitalssurveyedoffereducationtochildrenD.onlyone-fourthofthehospitalshavefull-timeteachers68.Childreninhospitalusual1yturnto___inordertocatchupwiththeirschoolwork.A.hospitalteachersB.schoolmatesC.parentsD.schoolteachers69.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethattheauthoris___.A.unfavourabletowardschildrenreceivingeducationinhospitalsB.infavourofthepresentstateofteachinginhospitalsC.unsatisfiedwiththepresentstateofhospitalteachingD.satisfiedwiththeresultsofthelatestsurveyComputerpeopletalkalotabouttheneedforotherpeopletobecome“computer-literate”,inotherwords,tolearntounderstandcomputersandwhatmakesthemtick.Notallexpertsagree,however,thatisagoodidea.Onepioneer,inparticular.whodisagreesisDavidTebbutt,thefounderofComputertownUK.Althoughmanypeopleseethisasasuccessfulattempttobringpeopleclosertothecomputer,Daviddoesnotseeitthatway.HesaysthatComputertownUKwasformedforjusttheoppositereason,tobringcomputerstothepeopleandmakethem“people-literate”.DavidfirstgottheideawhenhevisitedoneofAmerica’sbest-knowncomputer“guru”figure,BobAlbrecht，inthesmalluniversitytownofPaloAltoinNorthernCalifornia.AlbrechthadstartedaprojectcalledComputertownUSAinthelocallibrary,andthelocalchildrenusedtocallroundeveryWednesdaytoborrowsometimeonthecomputersthere,insteadofborrowinglibrarybooks.Albrechtwasalwaysonhandtoansweranyquestionsandtohelpthechildrendiscoveraboutcomputersintheirownway.Overhere,inBritain，Computertownshavetakenoffinabigway，andtherearenowabout40scatteredoverthecountry.DavidTebbuttthinkstheyaremostsuccessfulwhentiedtoacomputerclub.Heinsiststhereisavastandimportantdifferencebetweenthetwo,althoughtheycomplementeachother.Theclubscaterfortheenthusiasts,withsomecomputerknowledgealready,whogettogetherarideventuallyformanexpertcomputergroup.Thisfrightensawaynon-experts,whoarehappiergoingtoComputertownswheretherearecomputersavailableforthemtoexperimenton,withexpertsavailabletoencouragethemandansweranyquestions;theyarenottoldwhattodo,theyfindout.DavidTehbuttfindsitinterestingtoseethetwodifferentapproachesworkingsidebyside.Thecomputerexpertshavetolearnnottotellpeopleaboutcomputers,buthavetobeabletoexplaintheanswerstothequestionsthatpeoplereallywanttoknow.InsomeComputertownstherearequestionsessions,ratherlikeradiophone-ins,wheretheexpertslistentoalotofquestionsandthentrytoworkoutsomestructuretoanswerthem.Peoplearenothavingtolearncomputerjargons,buttheexpertsarehavingtotranslatecomputermysteriesintoeasilyunderstoodterms;thecomputersarebecoming“people-literate”.70.AccordingtoDavidTebbutt,thepurposeofComputertownUKisto___A.trainpeopletounderstandhowcomputersworkB.makemorecomputersavailabletopeopleC.enablemorepeopletofixcomputersthemselvesD.helppeoplefindoutmoreaboutcomputers71.WeLearnfromthepassagethatComputertownUSAwasa___.A.townB.projectC.libraryD.school72.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.ComputertownsintheUKhavebecomepopular.B.Computertownsandclubscaterfordifferentpeople.C.Computertownsaremoresuccessfulthanclubs.D.It’sbetterthatcomputertownsandclubsworktogether.73.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofcomputertowns?

A.Expertsgivelecturesandtalksoncomputers.B.Expertsareonhandtoanswerpeople’squestions.C.Peoplearelefttodiscovercomputersontheirown.D.Therearecomputersaroundforpeopletopractiseon.Theremustbefewquestionsonwhichresponsibleopinionissoutterlydividedasonthatofhowmuchsleepweoughttohave.Therearesomewhothinkwecanleavethebodytoregulatethesemattersforitself.“Theansweriseasy,”saysDr.A.Burton.“Withtherightamountofsleepyoushouldwakeupfreshandalertfiveminutesbeforethealarmrings.”Ifheisrightmanypeoplemustbeundersleeping,includingmyself.Butwemustrememberthatsomepeoplehaveagreaterinertiathanothers.Thisisnotmeantrudely.Theyswitchonslowly,andtheyarereluctanttoswitchoff.Theyarealertatbedtimeandsleepywhenitistimetogetup,andthismayhavenothingtodowithhowfatiguedtheirbodiesare,orhowmuchsleeptheymusttaketolosetheirfatigue.Otherpeoplefeelsurethatthepresenttrendistowardstoolittlesleep.Toquoteonemedicalopinion,thousandsofpeopledriftthroughlifesufferingfromtheeffectsoftoolittlesleep;thereasonisnotthattheycan‘tsleep.Likeadvancingcolonists,wedoseemtobegraspingevermoreofthelandofsleepforourwakingneeds,pushingtheboundarybackandreaching,apparently,forapointinourevolutionwherewewillsleepnomore.Thisinitself,ofcourse,neednotbeabadthing.Whatcouldbedisastrous,however,isthatweshouldpresstooquicklytowardsthisgoal,sacrificingsleeponlytogainmoretimeinwhichtojeopardizeourcivilizationbyactionsanddecisionsmadeweakbyfatigue.Then,tocompletethepicture,therearethosewhobelievethatmostpeoplearepersuadedtosleeptoomuch.DrH.Roberts,writinginEveryManinHealth,asserts:

“Itmaysafelybestatedthat,justasthemajorityeattoomuch,sothemajoritysleeptoomuch.”Onecanseethepointofthisalso.Itwouldbeapitytoretardourdevelopmentbyholdingbackthosepeoplewhoaregiftedenoughtoworkandplaywellwithlessthantheaverageamountofsleep,ifindeeditdoesthemnoharm.Ifoneofthetrendsofevolutionisthatmoreofthelifespanistobespentingainfulwakingactivity,thensurelythesepeopleareinthevanofthisadvance.74.Theauthorseemstoindicatethat___.A.therearemanycontroversialissuesliketherightamountofsleepB.mongmanyissuestherightamountofsleepistheleastcontroversialC.peoplearenowmovingtowardssolvingmanycontroversialissuesD.therightamountofsleepisatopicofmuchcontroversyamongdoctors75.TheauthordisagreeswithDr.Burtonbecause___.A.fewpeoplecanwakeupfeelingfreshandalertB.somepeoplestillfeeltiredwithenoughsleepC.somepeoplestillfeelsleepywithenoughsleepD.somepeoplegotobedverylateatnight76.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorpointsoutthat___.A.sleepinglessisgoodforhumandevelopmentB.peopleoughttobepersuadedtosleeplessthanbeforeC.itisincorrecttosaythatpeoplesleeptoolittleD.thosewhocansleeplessshouldbeencouraged77.Welearnfromthepassagethattheauthor___.A.commentsonthreedifferentopinionsB.favoursoneofthethreeopinionsC.explainsanopinionofhisownD.revisessomeoneelse‘sopinionTEXTDMigrationisusuallydefinedas“permanentorsemipermanentchangeofresidence.“Thisbroaddefinition,ofcou