全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语全国1卷正式版含答案及解析.docx
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全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语全国1卷正式版含答案及解析
2019年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(全国1卷正式版)【含答案及解析】
姓名___________班级____________分数__________
题号
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四
五
六
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得分
一、阅读理解
1.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
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1.WhereareyoubuyaatScienceCenter?
A.InBuilding1.
B.InBuilding3.
C.AtthelastDenny.
D.AttheDennyWayentrance.
2.WhatdoesPucificScienceCenterdoforschools?
A.TraitnScicnceteachers.
B.Disnciescicncebooks.
C.Disnciescicnctificresearch.
D.Takescicncetotheclassroom.
3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?
A.Toencouragedonations.
B.Toadvertisecomingevents.
C.Tointrobacespocialexhibits.
2.B
IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.
IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.
Iexaminedthechick(雏鸟)anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.
Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.
Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.
Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!
Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH!
Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.
1.Whatisunavoidableintheauthor’srescueworkaccordingroparagraph1?
A.Effortsmadeinvain.
B.Gettinginjuredinhiswork.
C.Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.
D.Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.
2.WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?
A.Torescueawoman.
B.Totakecareofawoman.
C.Tolookatababyowl.
D.Tocureayoungowl.
3.Whatmadethechickcalmdown?
A.Anewnest.
B.Somefood.
C.Arecording.
D.Itsparents.
4.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?
A.It’sunexpected.
B.It’sbeautiful.
C.It’shumorous.
D.It’sdiscouraging.
3.C
Someoftheworld’smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.
Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.
It’sJasonMoran’sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter’sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.
“Jazzseemslikeit’snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite,”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio’sreporterNealConan.“WhatI’mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmugenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwriteanymore.It’sactuallycolor,andit’sactuallydigital.”
Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccan’tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame,”saysMoran.
Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller’smusicforadanceparty,“JusttokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic,”saysMoran.“Forme,it’stherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie?
Arewe,asabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?
Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext,”saysMoran,“SoIwanttocontinuethosedialogue.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”
1.WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?
A.Torememberthebirthofjazz.
B.Toprotectculturaldiversity.
C.Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.
D.Torecognizethevalueofjazz.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?
A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.
B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.
C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.
D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.
3.WhatcanweinferaboutMoran’sopiniononjazz?
A.Itwilldisappeargradually.
B.Itremainsblackandwhite.
C.Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.
D.Itchangesevery50years.
4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.ExploringtheFutureofjazz.
B.TheRiseandFallofjazz.
C.TheStoryofajazzMusician.
D.CelebratingtheJazzDay.
4.D
Abuld-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸馏器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it’sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired,though,area5’
5’sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic,sixfeetofplastictube,andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.
Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.
Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone(圆锥体)with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,thecup.
Thesolarstillworksbycreatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates(蒸发)andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon’thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.
1.Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?
A.It’sdelicate.B.It’sexpensive.
C.It’scomplex.D.It’sportable
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inparagraph2referto?
A.ThetubeB.Thestill
C.TheholeD.Thecup
3.What’sthelaststepofconstructingaworkingsolarstill?
A.Digaholeofacertainsize______________________________________B.Putthecupinplace
C.Weightthesheet’scenterdownD.Covertheholewiththeplasticsheet
4.Whenasolarstillworks,dropsofwatercomeintothecupform________________________.
A.theplastictubeB.outsidethehole
C.theopenairD.beneaththesheet
二、七选五
5.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping.Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectsbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.
Wesleepinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNatu