nba 讲稿.docx

nba 讲稿.docx

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nba讲稿

TheNationalBasketballAssociation（NBA）isthepre-eminentmen'sprofessionalbasketballleagueinNorthAmerica,andiswidelyconsideredtobethepremiermen'sprofessionalbasketballleagueintheworld.Ithas30franchisedmemberclubs（29intheUnitedStatesand1inCanada）,andisanactivememberofUSABasketball（USAB）,whichisrecognizedbyFIBA（alsoknownastheInternationalBasketballFederation）asthenationalgoverningbodyforbasketballintheUnitedStates.TheNBAisoneofthefourmajorNorthAmericanprofessionalsportsleagues.NBAplayersaretheworld'sbestpaidsportsmen,byaverageannualsalaryperplayer.

TheleaguewasfoundedinNewYorkCityonJune6,1946,astheBasketballAssociationofAmerica（BAA）.TheleagueadoptedthenameNationalBasketballAssociationonAugust3,1949,aftermergingwithitsrivalNationalBasketballLeague（NBL）.Theleague'sseveralinternationalaswellasindividualteamofficesaredirectedoutofitsheadofficeslocatedintheOlympicTowerat645FifthAvenueinNewYorkCity.NBAEntertainmentandNBATVstudiosaredirectedoutofofficeslocatedinSecaucus,NewJersey.

EasternConference

AtlanticBostonCelticsBoston,MATDGarden18,62442.366303°N71.062228°W1946

BrooklynNetsNewYork,NYBarclaysCenter17,73240.68265°N73.974689°W1967*1976

NewYorkKnicksNewYork,NYMadisonSquareGarden19,81240.750556°N73.993611°W1946

Philadelphia76ersPhiladelphia,PAWellsFargoCenter20,32839.901111°N75.171944°W1946*1949

TorontoRaptorsToronto,ONAirCanadaCentre19,80043.643333°N79.379167°W1995

CentralChicagoBullsChicago,ILUnitedCenter20,91741.880556°N87.674167°W1966

ClevelandCavaliersCleveland,OHQuickenLoansArena20,56241.496389°N81.688056°W1970

DetroitPistonsAuburnHills,MIThePalaceofAuburnHills21,23142.696944°N83.245556°W1941*1948

IndianaPacersIndianapolis,INBankersLifeFieldhouse18,16539.763889°N86.155556°W19671976

MilwaukeeBucksMilwaukee,WIBMOHarrisBradleyCenter18,71743.043611°N87.916944°W1968

SoutheastAtlantaHawksAtlanta,GAPhilipsArena18,04733.757222°N84.396389°W1946*1949

CharlotteHornetsCharlotte,NCTimeWarnerCableArena19,07735.225°N80.839167°W1988*

MiamiHeatMiami,FLAmericanAirlinesArena19,60025.781389°N80.188056°W1988

OrlandoMagicOrlando,FLAmwayCenter18,84628.539167°N81.383611°W1989

WashingtonWizardsWashington,D.C.VerizonCenter20,35638.898056°N77.020833°W1961*

WesternConference

NorthwestDenverNuggetsDenver,COPepsiCenter19,15539.748611°N105.0075°W19671976

MinnesotaTimberwolvesMinneapolis,MNTargetCenter19,35644.979444°N93.276111°W1989

OklahomaCityThunderOklahomaCity,OKChesapeakeEnergyArena18,20335.463333°N97.515°W1967*

PortlandTrailBlazersPortland,ORModaCenter19,44145.531667°N122.666667°W1970

UtahJazzSaltLakeCity,UTVivintSmartHomeArena19,91140.768333°N111.901111°W1974*

PacificGoldenStateWarriorsOakland,CAOracleArena19,59637.750278°N122.203056°W1946*

LosAngelesClippersLosAngeles,CAStaplesCenter19,06034.043056°N118.267222°W1970*

LosAngelesLakersLosAngeles,CAStaplesCenter18,99734.043056°N118.267222°W1947*1948

PhoenixSunsPhoenix,AZTalkingStickResortArena18,05533.445833°N112.071389°W1968

SacramentoKingsSacramento,CASleepTrainArena17,31738.649167°N121.518056°W1923*1948

SouthwestDallasMavericksDallas,TXAmericanAirlinesCenter19,20032.790556°N96.810278°W1980

HoustonRocketsHouston,TXToyotaCenter18,05529.750833°N95.362222°W1967*

MemphisGrizzliesMemphis,TNFedExForum18,11935.138333°N90.050556°W1995*

NewOrleansPelicansNewOrleans,LASmoothieKingCenter16,86729.948889°N90.081944°W2002*

SanAntonioSpursSanAntonio,TXAT&TCenter

RegularSeason

Followingthesummerbreak,teamsbegintrainingcampsinlateSeptember.Trainingcampsallowthecoachingstafftoevaluateplayers（especiallyrookies）,scouttheteam'sstrengthsandweaknesses,preparetheplayersfortherigorousregularseason,anddeterminethe12-manactiveroster（anda3-maninactivelist）withwhichtheywillbegintheregularseason.TeamshavetheabilitytoassignplayerswithlessthantwoyearsofexperiencetotheNBAdevelopmentleague.Aftertrainingcamp,aseriesofpreseasonexhibitiongamesareheld.Preseasonmatchesaresometimesheldinnon-NBAcities,bothintheUnitedStatesandoverseas.TheNBAregularseasonbeginsinthelastweekofOctober.

Duringtheregularseason,eachteamplays82games,41eachhomeandaway.Ateamfacesopponentsinitsowndivisionfourtimesayear（16games）.Eachteamplayssixoftheteamsfromtheothertwodivisionsinitsconferencefourtimes（24games）,andtheremainingfourteamsthreetimes（12games）.Finally,eachteamplaysalltheteamsintheotherconferencetwiceapiece（30games）.Thisasymmetricalstructuremeansthestrengthofschedulewillvarybetweenteams（butnotassignificantlyastheNFLorMLB）.Overfiveseasons,eachteamwillhaveplayed80gamesagainsttheirdivision（20gamesagainsteachopponent,10athome,10ontheroad）,180gamesagainsttherestoftheirconference（18gamesagainsteachopponent,9athome,9ontheroad）,and150gamesagainsttheotherconference（10gamesagainsteachteam,5athome,5ontheroad）.

TheNBAisoneofonlytwoofthefourmajorprofessionalsportsleaguesintheUnitedStatesandCanadainwhichteamsplayeveryotherteamduringtheregularseason（theotherbeingtheNationalHockeyLeague）.Eachteamhostsandvisitseveryotherteamatleastonceeveryseason.From2005to2008,theNBAhadthedistinctionofbeingtheonlyoneofthefourmajorleaguesinwhichallteamsplayeveryotherteam.

TheNBAisalsotheonlyleaguethatregularlyschedulesgamesonChristmasDay.[41]Theleaguehasbeenplayinggamesregularlyontheholidaysince1947,[42]thoughthefirstChristmasDaygamesweren'tteleviseduntil1983–84.[43]Gamesplayedonthisdayhavefeaturedsomeofthebestteamsandplayers.[41][42][43]ChristmasisalsonotableforNBAontelevision,astheholidayiswhenthefirstNBAgamesaironnetworktelevisioneachseason.[42][43]Gamesplayedonthisdayhavebeensomeofthehighest-ratedgamesduringaparticularseason.

InFebruary,theregularseasonpausestocelebratetheannualNBAAll-StarGame.FansvotethroughouttheUnitedStates,Canada,andontheInternet,andthetopvote-gettersateachpositionineachconferencearegivenastartingspotontheirconference'sAll-Starteam.Coachesvotetochoosetheremaining14All-Stars.Then,EasternconferenceplayersfacetheWesternconferenceplayersintheAll-Stargame.TheplayerwiththebestperformanceduringthegameisrewardedwithaGameMVPaward.OtherattractionsoftheAll-StarbreakincludetheRisingStarsChallenge（originallyRookieChallenge）,wherethetoprookiesandsecond-yearplayersintheNBAplayina5-on-5basketballgame,withthecurrentformatpittingU.S.playersagainstthosefromtherestoftheworld;theSkillsChallenge,whereplayerscompetetofinishanobstaclecourseconsistingofshooting,passing,anddribblinginthefastesttime;theThreePointContest,whereplayerscompetetoscorethemostamountofthree-pointfieldgoalsinagiventime;andtheNBASlamDunkContest,whereplayerscompetetodunktheballinthemostentertainingwayaccordingtothejudges.Theseotherattractionshavevaryingnameswhichincludethenamesofthevarioussponsorswhohavepaidfornamingrights.

ShortlyaftertheAll-Starbreakisthetradedeadline,whichissettofallonthe16thThursdayoftheseason（usuallyinFebruary）at3pmEasternTime.[44][45]Afterthisdate,teamsarenotallowedtoexchangeplayerswitheachotherfortheremainderoftheseason,althoughtheymaystillsignandreleaseplayers.Majortradesareoftencompletedrightbeforethetradingdeadline,makingthatdayahectictimeforgeneralmanagers.

AroundthemiddleofApril,theregularseasonends.Itisduringthistimethatvotingbeginsforindividualawards,aswellastheselectionofthehonorary,league-wide,post-seasonteams.TheSixthManoftheYearAwardisgiventothebestplayercomingoffthebench（musthavemoregamescomingoffthebenchthanactualgamesstarted）.TheRookieoftheYearAwardisawardedtothemostoutstandingfirst-yearplayer.TheMostImprovedPlayerAwardisawardedtotheplayerwhoisdeemedtohaveshownthemostimprovementfromthepreviousseason.TheDefensivePlayeroftheYearAwardisawardedtotheleague'sbestdefender.TheCoachoftheYearAwardisawardedtothecoachthathasmadethemostpositivedifferencetoateam.TheMostValuablePlayerAwardisgiventotheplayerdeemedthemostvaluablefor（histeam）thatseason.Additionally,SportingNewsawardsanunofficial（butwidelyrecognized）ExecutiveoftheYearAwardtothegeneralmanagerwhoisadjudgedtohaveperformedthebestjobforthebenefitofhisfranchise.

Thepost-seasonteamsaretheAll-NBATeam,theAll-DefensiveTeam,andtheAll-RookieTeam;eachconsistsoffiveplayers.TherearethreeAll-NBAteams,consistingofthetopplayersateachposition,withfirst-teamstatusbeingthemostdesirable.TherearetwoAll-Defensiveteams,consistingofthetopdefendersateachposition.TherearealsotwoAll-Rookieteams,consistingofthetopfirst-yearplayersregardlessofposition.

Playoff

NBAPlayoffsbegininlateApril,witheightteamsineachconferencecompetingfortheChampionship.Thethreedivisionwinners,alongwiththeteamwiththenextbestrecordfromtheconferencearegiventhetopfourseeds.Thenextfourteamsintermsofrecordaregiventhelowerfourseeds.

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