职称英语模拟试题及答案综合类.docx

职称英语模拟试题及答案综合类.docx

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职称英语模拟试题及答案综合类

2022职称英语模拟试题及答案（综合类）

阅读推断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请依据短文的内容对每个句子做出推断。

假如该句供应的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;假如该句供应的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;假如该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

TheIndustrialAgeandEmployment

Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople”sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople”shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople”sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded-aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.

16Theestablishedworkpatternsmaybechangedwiththeclosingoftheindustrialage.

A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned

17Universalemploymenthasbroughtabouteconomicfreedom.

A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned

18Manypeopledependedonthelandforalivingbeforethe17thcentury.

A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned

19Improvedtransportenabledpeopletotravellongerdistancestotheirworkplaces.

A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned

20Employedwomenofequalqualificationsarepaidlessthanmen.

A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned

21Alargenumberofteenagerswillquitschoolnextyear.

A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned

22Nowisthetimetohandletheissueofemploymentinapracticalmanner.

A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned

16.A　17.B　18.A　19.A20.C

21.C　22.A

　概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.

SearchingforSmiles

1　Askmostpeopleanywhereintheworldwhattheywantoutoflifeandthereplywillprobablybe:

“tobehappy.“EdDeiner,anAmericanpsychologyprofessor,hasspenthiswholeprofessionallifestudyingwhatmakespeoplehappy,comparinglevelsofhappinessbetweenculturesandtryingtofindoutexactlywhyweenjoyourselves.

2　Manypeoplewouldsaythatthisquestiondoesnotneedananswer.ButProfessorDeinerhasoneanyway.“Ifyou”reacheerful,happyperson,yourmarriageismorelikelytolast,andyou”remorelikelytomakemoneyandbesuccessfulatyourjob.Onaverage,happypeoplehavestrongerimmune（免疫的）systems,andthereissomeevidencethattheylivelonger.“

3　Sowhoaretheworld”shappiestpeople?

Itdependsonhowthewordisdefined.Thereisindividualhappiness,thesenseofjoywegetwhenwedosomethingwelike.Butthereisalsothefeelingofsatisfactionwegetwhenweknowthatothersrespectusandapproveofhowwebehave.AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,theWesternworldpursuesindividualhappinesswhileAsiaprefersmutualsatisfaction.

4　“IntheWest,theindividualistic（个人主义的）culturemeansthatyourmoodmattersmuchmorethanitdoesintheEast.Peopleaskthemselves,whatcanIdothat”sfunorinteresting?

Theybecomeunhappywhentheycan”tdoanyofthesethings.IfyouaskpeoplefromJapanorChinaiftheyarehappy,theytendtolookatwhathasgonewrongintheirlives.Ifnotmuchhasgonewrong,thentheyaresatisfied.“

5　PeoplefromSpainandotherSpanish-speakingcountrieshadthehappiestculture,ProfessorDeinerfound.“Thebiggestculturaldifferenceistodowithprideandshame.Hispanic（西班牙语言的）culturesreportmuchmoreprideandmuchlessshamethanothers.“

6　Incomealsomadeabigdifferencetopeople”shappiness,butonlyatthelowestlevels.AverageincomeearnersintheUSweremuchhappierthanpeopleinpoverty.Butmillionaireswereonlyalittlebithappierthanpeopleonaverageincomes.Itseemsthatmoneymakesushappywhenwehaveenoughtofeelsecure.

7　Butcanwebetoohappy?

“Yougetpeoplewhoareactuallyhappy,buttheythinkhappinessissoimportantthattheytrytobeevenhappier.Thisdesiretobealwayshappyisaproductofindividualism,wheretheemphasisisonyouindividually,youremotionsandfeelinggood.Peoplecanendupfeelingunhappybecauseordinaryhappinessisnotgoodenoughforthem.“

1　Paragraph2__________.

2　Paragraph3__________.

3　Paragraph4__________.

4　Paragraph5__________.

AHappiestCulture

BAnUnhappyPerson

CDefinitionofHappiness

DCulturalDifferencesinHappiness

EReasonstoBeHappy

FIndividualandOrdinaryHappiness

5　ProfessorDeinerhasspentmanyyearsstudying__________inhappiness.

6　ProfessorDeinerbelievesthatahappypersonislessprone（易患）to__________.

7　Oncewehavegotenoughtofeelsafe,moneydoesnotmake__________differencetoourhappiness.

8　AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,somepeoplefeelunhappybecausetheycannotappreciate__________.

A　aquestion

B　ordinaryhappiness

C　individualism

D　culturaldifferences

E　much

F　illnesses

23.E24.C25.D26.A27.D

28.F29.E30.B

　阅读理解（第1～15题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。

请认真阅读短文并依据短文答复其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇

SleepNecessaryforMemories

Burningthemidnightoilbeforeanexamorinterviewdoesharmtotheperformanceaccordingtoarecentresearchwhichfoundthatsleepisnecessaryformemoriestobetakenbackintothebrain.Agoodnight”ssleepwithin30hoursoftryingtorememberanewtaskisarequiredconditionofhavinggoodrecallintheweeksahead,scientistshavefound.

Theresearch,publishedintheDecemberissueofNatureNeuroscience,showedthatitwastheactofsleep,ratherthanthesimplepassageoftime,thatwascriticalforlong-termmemoryformation.

“Wethinkthatgettingthatfirstnight”ssleepstartstheprocessofmemoryconsolidation（稳固）,“saidRobertStickgold,asleepresearcheratHarvardMedicalSchoolwhoconductedthelateststudy.

“Itseemsthatmemoriesnormallywashoutofthebrainunlesssomeprocessnailsthemdown.Mysuspicionisthatsleepisoneofthosethingsthatdoestheflailingdown,“ProfessorStickgoldsaid.

Withaboutoneinfivepeopleclaimingthattheyaresochronicallyshortofsleepthatitaffectstheirdailyactivities,thelatestworkemphasizesthelesswell-understoodsideeffect-seriousmemoryimpairment（损害）.

Volunteersinanexperimentfounditeasiertorememberamemorytaskiftheywereallowedtosleepthatnight.Butforthosekeptawake,noamountofsubsequentsleepmadeupfortheinitialloss.

ProfessorStickgold”steamtrained24peopletoidentifythedirectionofthreediagonal（斜线形的）barsflashedforasixtiethofasecondonacomputerscreenfullofhorizontal（水平的）stripes.

Halfofthesubjectswerekeptawakethatnight,whiletheothersslept.Bothgroupswereallowedtosleepforthesecondandthirdnightstomakeupforanydifferencesintirednessbetweenthevolunteers.

Thosewhosleptthefirstnightweresignificantlyandconsistentlybetteratrememberingthetaskwhilethesecondgroupshowednoimprovementdespiteenjoyingtwonightsofcatch-upsleep.

1　TheresearchpublishedinNatureNeuroscienceshowedthatwhatwasessentialtotheformationoflong-termmemorywas__________.

A　intelligence.

B　time.

C　food.

D　sleep.

2　WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheresearchisNOTtrue?

A　Itwasdonewithin30hours.

B　ItwasheadedbyProfessorStickgold.

C　Itfocusedonlong-termmemoryformation.

D　Therewerealtogether24subjectsintheexperiment.

3　Stickgold”sresearchfocusedonthesideeffectproducedby__________.

A　memoryimpairment.

B　lackofsleep.

C　lowworkefficiency.

D　memoryrecall.

4　InStickgold”sexperiment,thosewhowerekeptawakeonthefirstnight__________.

A　couldverywellrememberthedirectionofthediagonalbars.

B　didn”tdoanybetteraftertwonights”sleep.

C　wereastiredasthosewhowerenot.

D　couldrecallthedirectionofmorebarsthanthosewhowerenot.

5　Thosewhosleptthefirstnight__________.

A　couldn”trememberthetask.

B　couldnotsleepthesecondandthirdnights.

C　performedslightlybetterthanthosewhodidnot

D　didmuchbetterthanthosewhodidnot.

其次篇

TheCherokeeNation

LongbeforethewhitemancametoAmerica,thelandbelongedtotheAmericanIndiannations.ThenationoftheCherokeeslivedinwhatisnowthesoutheasternpartoftheUnitedStates.

Afterthewhitemancame,theCherokeescopiedmanyoftheirways.OneCherokeenamedSeq