届浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语试题解析版.docx

届浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语试题解析版.docx

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届浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语试题解析版

2020--2021学年浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语考试

第二部分，阅读理解（共两节,满分35分）

第一节（共10个小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该选项涂黑。

A

AtonepointinJunelastyear,ZengJiapengwasmorethan10,000yuanindebttoasmartphoneapp.The23-year-oldShanghaicitizenpaysforhisonlinepurchasesoffood,clothes,andtravelwithHuabei,avirtualcreditcardthat'spartofAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.’sspreadingstableofe-commerce.Hisspendingoftenusedtogobeyondhisonlysourceofincome:

the8,000-yuanmonthlyallowancefromhisparents.Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments（分期）,evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.

Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromanassortmentofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer（P2P）Lenders（网络借贷平台）,plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.Unsecuredconsumerlendinghasexpanded20%ayearinChinasince2008.TheamountofconsumerfinanceavailablethroughtheInternetwillmorethandouble,to19trillionyuan,by2021,from7.8trillionyuanlastyear.Officialdatashowedthatalmost70%ofChina’s50millionP2Pborrowerswereyoungerthan40.

AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.“Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,”hesays,“sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewithspending.”

Regulators（监管部门）lastyearlaunchedabreakdownonpeer-to-peerlending,which,besidesbeingasourceofeasycredit,hadalsobecomeapopularinvestmentvehicle.Thesectorhasshrunktolessthanhalfitspeaksizeasaresultofforcedshutdowns.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutZengJiapengfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Hewasindebtbecauseheboughtsmartphoneapp.

B.HelikespurchasinggoodsontheappHuabeiofAlibabaGroup.

C.Healwaysspentmorethanheearnedfromhissalaryinthepast.

D.Hedependedonhisparentstosupporthimtorepayhisdebt.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“frugal”inParagraph3probablymean?

A.ImpracticalB.Hardworking

C.AvoidingwasteD.Relyingonothers

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?

A.Overconsumption-ABadHabitB.China’sGenerationZ-HookedOnCredit

C.ChineseYouthIntheE-commerceAgeD.ZengJinpeng’sFinancialCrisis

【答案】1.D2.C3.B

【解析】

本文是说明文。

文章通过列举ZengJiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元，要靠父母帮他还债的例子，引出了当今年轻人沉迷于信贷的现象，并分析了其原因和严重性。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。

根据第一段“Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments（分期）,evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.”（他试图用分期付款的方式偿还债务，甚至从借呗借款，但最终他的父母不得不帮助他。

）可推知ZengJiapeng要依靠他父母来资助他还债。

故选D。

【2题详解】

词句猜测题。

根据文章第一段“AtonepointinJunelastyear,ZengJiapengwasmorethan10,000yuanindebttoasmartphoneapp.和Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments（分期）,evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.”可知ZengJiapeng以前的情况，他在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元，最后还要靠父母帮他还债。

第三段“AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.”提到了他现在的情况，根据后句“尽管他现在正努力自己挣钱，”说明他现在除了自己挣钱外，还正努力少花钱，frugal应该是“花钱少的，节俭的”，与Avoidingwaste同义。

故选C。

【3题详解】

主旨大意题。

文章开头列举了ZengJiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元，要靠父母帮他还债的例子，第二段“Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.”引出了当今年轻人沉迷于信贷的现象。

同时指出“Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.”年轻人的这种消费习惯令人担忧，并用数字说明了其严重性。

最后两段说明了ZengJiapeng的改变和应对此现象的措施。

B项China’sGenerationZ-HookedOnCredit（中国沉迷于信贷的一代人）概括了本文内容，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。

故选B。

B

AttheWorldEconomicForumlastmonth,PresidentTrumpdrewclapswhenheannouncedtheUnitedStateswouldrespondtotheforum'sproposaltoplantonetrillion（万亿）treestofightclimatechange.Thetrillion-treeideawonwideattentionlastsummerafterastudypublishedinthejournalScienceconcludedthatplantingsomanytreeswas“themosteffectiveclimatechangesolutiontodate”.

Ifonlyitweretrue.Butitisn't.Plantingtreeswouldslowdowntheplanet'swarming,buttheonlythingthatwillsaveusandfuturegenerationsfrompayingahugepriceindollars,livesanddamagetonatureisrapidandconsiderablereductionsincarbonreleasefromfossilfuels,tonetzeroby2050.

Focusingontreesasthebigsolutiontoclimatechangeisadangerousdiversion（偏离）.Worsestill,ittakesattentionawayfromthoseresponsibleforthecarbonreleasethatarepushingustowarddisaster.Forexample,intheNetherlands,youcanpayShellanadditional1eurocentforeachliterofregulargasolineyouputinyourtank,toplanttreestobalancethecarbonreleasefromyourdriving.That'sclearlynomorethandisasterslightlydelayed.Theonlywaytostopthisplanetfromoverheatingisthroughpolitical,economic,technologicalandsocialsolutionsthatendtheuseoffossilfuels.

Thereisnowaythatplantingtrees,evenacrossaglobalareathesizeoftheUnitedStates,canabsorbthehugeamountsoffossilcarbonreleasedfromindustrialsocieties.Treesdotakeupcarbonfromtheatmosphereastheygrow.Butthisuptakemerelyreplacescarbonlostwhenforestswereclearedinthefirstplace,usuallylongago.Regrowingforestswheretheyoncegrewcanundosomedamagedoneinthepast,butevenatrilliontreescan'tstoreenoughcarbontoheadoffdramaticclimatechangesthiscentury.

Inasharpcounterargumenttolastsummer'sPaperinScience,JustinGilliswroteinthesamejournalinOctoberthatthestudy'sfindingswereinconsistentwiththedynamicsoftheglobalcarboncycle.Hewarnedthat“theclaimthatglobaltreerestoration（复原）isourmosteffectiveclimatesolutionissimplyscientificallyincorrectanddangerouslymisleading”.

4.Whatdoweknowaboutthetrillion-treeidea?

A

Itwaspublishedinajournal.

B.Itwasproposedlastsummer.

C.ItwasputforwardbyTrump.

D.Itdrewlotsofpublicattention.

5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Adrawbackofthetreeplantingstrategy.

B.Anexampleofbalancingcarbonrelease.

C.AnanecdoteofmakingapurchaseatShell.

D.Aresponsibilityforpoliticiansandeconomists.

6.WhatwasJustinGillis'sattitudetowardsglobaltreerestoration?

A.Indifferent.B.Opposed.

C.Hesitant.D.Supportive.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ContradictoryIdeasonTreePlanting.

B.ATrillionTreesCometotheRescue.

C.PlantingTreesWon'tSavetheWorld.

D.TheBestSolutiontoClimateChange.

【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C

【解析】

本文为一篇议论文。

文章论述了作者不赞成美国总统Trump响应“种一万亿棵树”来对抗气候变化的倡议，作者认为真正能解决问题的方法是迅速地大量减少碳排放。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。

根据第一段Thetrillion-treeideawonwideattentionlastsummerafterastudypublishedinthejournalScienceconcludedthatplantingsomanytreeswas“themosteffectiveclimatechangesolutiontodate”.去年夏天，发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究得出结论，大量种树是“迄今为止最有效的气候变化解决方案”，这“一万亿棵树”的想法赢得了广泛关注。

可知，一万亿树的想法引起了公众的广泛关注。

故选D项。

【5题详解】

主旨大意题。

根据第三段Focusingontreesasthebigsolutiontoclimatechangeisadangerousdiversion（偏离）.Worsestill,ittakesattentionawayfromthoseresponsibleforthecarbonreleasethatarepushingustowarddisaster.把树木作为解决气候变化的主要办法是一种危险的转移。

更糟糕的是，它把注意力从那些对碳排放负责的人身上移开，正是这些人把我们推向灾难。

因此，第3段主要论述了以植树来保护环境的缺点。

故选A项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。

根据最后一段Inasharpcounterargumenttolastsummer'sPaperinScience,JustinGilliswroteinthesamejournalinOctoberthatthestudy'sfindingswereinconsistentwiththedynamicsoftheglobalcarboncycle.Hewarnedthat“theclaimthatglobaltreerestoration（复原）isourmosteffectiveclimatesolutionissimplyscientificallyincorrectanddangerouslymisleading”.JustinGillis在《科学》杂志上发表了与去年夏天《科学》杂志公布的研究结果截然相反的观点，他认为去年夏天公布的那个研究结果是不符合地球碳循环动力学的。

同时，他发出警告：

通过植树来解决气候问题是不科学的，是错误的，是危险的，是具有误导性的。

推测，JustinGillis对植树提议是持反对态度的。

故选B项。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。

结合全文，文章论述了作者不赞成美国总统Trump响应“种一万亿棵树”来对抗气候变化的倡议，作者认为真正能解决问题的方法是迅速地大量减少碳排放，种树的想法是不科学的，且具有误导性。

C项“植树不会拯救世界。

”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。

故选C项。

C

Artistsalwaystreatbusinessmenasmoney-obsessedbores.Orworse,manybusinessmen,fortheirpart,assumethatartistsusuallyconsiderthemselvestobemoreintelligentthanothers.Bossesmaystickafewmodernpaintingsontheirofficewalls.Buttheyseldomtaketheartsseriouslyasasourceofinspiration.

Theprejudicestartsatbusinessschool,where“hard”thingssuchasnumbersrule.Itisreinforcedbyeverydayexperience.Bossesconstantlyremindtheiremployeesthatifyoucan’tcountit,itdoesn’tcount.Fewreaddeeplyaboutthearts.SunTzu’sTheArtofWardoesnotcountwhilesometastelessbusinessbooksarepleasingtothem:

considerWessRoberts’LeadershipSecretsofAttilatheHun.

Butlatelytherearewelcomesignsofathaw（缓和）onthebusinesssideofthegreatculturaldivide.BusinesspressesarepublishingaseriesofbookssuchasTheFineArtofSuccessbyJamieAnderson.BusinessschoolssuchastheRomanSchoolofManagementattheUniversityofTorontoaretryingtolearnfromthearts.

Mr.Andersonpointsoutthatmanyartistshavealsobeensuperbbusinessmen.DamienHirsthasbeenoneofthemostenterprising.HeupturnedtheartworldbysellinghisworkdirectlythroughSotheby’s,anauction（拍卖）house.Whatevertheythinkofhiswork,businessmencannothelpadmiringamanwhopartedartloversfrom£75.5milliononthedaythatLehmanBrotherscollapsed.

Studyingtheartscanhelpbusinessmencommunicatemoreeffectively.Mostbossesspendahugeamountoftime“messaging”a