92年.docx

92年.docx

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92年

92年4月SECTION1

Time-30minutes

38Questions

1.Itwasawarthequeenandhermoreprudentcoun-

selorswishedto-------iftheycouldandweredeterminedinanyeventto-------aslongaspossible.

（A）provoke..delay

（B）denounce..deny

（C）instigate..conceal

（D）curtail..promote

（E）avoid..postpone

2.Despitemanydecadesofresearchonthegasificationofcoal,thedataaccumulatedarenotdirectly---------toenvironmentalquestions;thusanewprogramofresearchspecificallyaddressingsuchquestionsis-----

（A）analogous..promising

（B）transferable..contradictory

（C）antithetical..unremarkable

（D）applicable..warranted

（E）pertinent..unnecessary

3.Unlikeothercreatures,whoareshapedlargelyby

their-------environment,humanbeingsareproducts

ofacultureaccumulatedovercenturies,yetonethat

isconstantlybeing-----bymassiveinfusionsofnewinformationfromeverywhere.

（A）harsh..unconfirmed

（B）surrounding..upheld

（C）immediate..transformed

（D）natural..mechanized

（E）limited.Superseded

4.EdithWhartonsoughtinhermemoirtopresent

herselfashavingachievedaharmoniouswholeness

byhaving-------theconflictingelementsofherlife.

（A）affirmed

（B）highlighted

（C）reconciled

（D）confined

（E）identified

5.Intheirpreface,thecollection'seditorspleadthat

certainoftheimportantarticlesthey---------were

publishedtoorecentlyforinclusion,butinthecase

ofmanysucharticles,this-------isnotvalid.

（A）discussed..replacement

（B）omitted..excuse

（C）revised..clarification

（D）disparaged..justification

（E）ignored..endorsement

6.Thelaborunionandthecompany'smanagement,

despitetheirlonghistoryofunfailinglyacerbic

disagreementonnearlyeveryissue,havenevertheless

reachedanunexpectedly-------,albeitstilltentative,

agreementonnextyear'scontract.

（A）swift

（B）onerous

（C）hesitant

（D）reluctant

（E）conclusive

7.Inresponsetothefolliesoftoday'scommercialand

politicalworlds,theauthordoesnot-------inflamed

indignation,butrather-------thedetachmentand

smoothaphoristicproseofaneighteenth-centurywit.

（A）display..railsat

（B）relyon..avoids

（C）suppress..clingsto

（D）express..affects

（E）resortto..spurns

8.FEAR:

COWER:

:

（A）calmness:

fret

（B）anger:

rant

（C）disappointment:

console

（D）gladness:

satisfy

（E）embarrassment:

speak

9.BACTERIA:

DECOMPOSITION:

:

（A）lava:

eruption

（B）penicillin:

injection

（C）yeast:

fermentation

（D）oxygen:

respiration

（E）plants:

deforestation

10.PALATE:

MOUTH:

:

（A）curb:

sidewalk

（B）star:

sky

（C）stream:

dam

（D）mountain:

range

（E）ceiling:

room

11.SLAKE:

THIRST:

:

（A）perspire:

exertion

（B）moan:

voice

（C）shiver:

muscle

（D）satiate:

hunger

（E）dream:

sleep

12.FOIBLE:

FAULT:

:

（A）perjury:

testimony

（B）reputation:

disrepute

（C）vagary:

notion

（D）feud:

hostility

（E）quibble:

objection

13.IMPORTUNE:

REQUEST:

:

（A）pry:

inquiry

（B）balk:

obstacle

（C）fulminate:

silence

（D）discountenance:

plea

（E）vitiate:

punishment

14.MILL:

GRAIN:

:

（A）loom:

cloth

（B）bazaar:

wares

（C）factory:

furniture

（D）hospital:

medicine

（E）forge:

metal

15.DAGUERREOTYPE:

PHOTOGRAPH:

:

（A）bust:

statue

（B）pastiche:

painting

（C）narrative:

novel

（D）hieroglyphic:

papyrus

（E）musket:

firearm

16.INDISTINGUISHABLE:

CONFOUND:

:

（A）exceptional:

overlook

（B）impregnable:

attack

（C）ostentatious:

consume

（D）equivalent:

interchange

（E）occluded:

reveal

　　　The1960'switnessedtwoprofound

　　socialmovements:

thecivilrights

　　movementandthemovementprotesting

　　thewarinVietnam.Althoughthey

（5）overlappedintime,theywerelargely

　　distinct.Forabriefmomentin1967,

　　however,itappearedthatthetwo

　　movementsmightuniteunderthe

　　leadershipofMartinLutherKing,Jr.

（10）　King'sroleintheantiwarmovement

　　appearstorequirelittleexplanation,

　　sincehewastheforemostadvocateof

　　nonviolenceofhistime.ButKing's

　　stanceontheVietnamWarcannotbe

（15）explainedintermsofpacifism

　　alone.Afterall,hewassomethingofa

　　latecomertotheantiwarmovement,even

　　thoughby1965hewasconvincedthatthe

　　roleoftheUnitedStatesinthewarwas

（20）indefensible.Whythenthetwoyears

　　thatpassedbeforehetranslatedhis

　　privatemisgivingsintopublicdissent?

　　Perhapshebelievedthathecouldnot

　　criticizeAmericanforeignpolicy

（25）withoutendangeringthesupportfor

　　civilrightsthathehadwonfromthe

federalgovernment.

17.Accordingtothepassage,thedelayreferredtoinlines12-15isperhapsattributabletowhichofthefollowing?

（A）King’sambivalenceconcerningtheroleoftheUnitedStatesinthewarinVietnam

（B）King’sattemptstoconsolidatesupportforhisleadershipwithinthecivilrightsmovement

（C）King’sdesiretokeeptheleadershipofthecivilrightsmovementdistinctfromthatoftheantiwarmovement

（D）King’sdesiretodrawsupportforthecivilrightsmovementfromtheleadershipoftheantiwarmovement（E）

（E）King’sreluctancetojeopardizefederalsupportforthecivilrightsmovement

18.Theauthorsupportstheclaimthat“King’sstanceontheVietnamWarcannotbeexplainedintermsofpacifismalone”（lines10-12）byimplyingwhichofthefollowing?

（A）ThereislittleevidencethatKingwaseverastudentofpacifistdoctrine.

（B）King,despitepacifistsympathies,wasnotconvincedthatthepolicyofthefederalgovernmentinVietnamwaswrong.

（C）King’sbeliefinnonviolencewasformulatedintermsofdomesticpolicyratherthanintermsofinternationalissues.

（D）HadKing’sactionsbeenbasedonpacifismalone,hewouldhavejoinedtheantiwarmovementearlierthanheactuallydid.（D）

（E）OpponentsofUnitedStatesforeignpolicywithinthefederalgovernmentconvincedKingoftheirneedforsupport.

19.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthemovementopposingthewarinVietnam?

（A）Itprecededthecivilrightsmovement.

（B）Itbeganin1965.

（C）Itwassupportedbymanywhootherwiseopposedpublicdissent.

（D）Itdrewsupportfrommostcivilrightsleaders.（E）

（E）Itwaswellunderwayby1967.

20.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepassage?

（A）Itdiscussesanapparentinconsistencyandsuggestsareasonforit.

（B）Itoutlinesasequenceofhistoricalevents.

（C）Itshowswhyacommonlyheldviewisinaccurate.

（D）Itevaluatesanexplanationandfinallyacceptsthatexplanation.（A）

（E）Itcontraststwoviewsofanissue.

　　Whatcausesahelixinnatureto

　　appearwitheitheradextral

　　（"right-handed,"orclockwise）twistor

　　asinistral（"left-handed,"or

（5）counterclockwise'）twistisoneofthe

　　mostintriguingpuzzlesinthescience

　　ofform.Mostspiral-shapedsnail

　　speciesarepredominantlydextral.But

　　atonetime,handedness（twistdirection

（10）oftheshell）wasequallydistributed

　　withinsomesnailspeciesthathave

　　becomepredominantlydextralor,ina

　　fewspecies,predominantlysinistral.

　　Whatmechanisms,controlhandedness

（15）andkeepleft-handednessrare?

　　　Itwouldseemunlikelythatevolution

　　shoulddiscriminateagainstsinistral

　　snailsifsinistralanddextralsnails

　　areexactmirrorimages,forany

（20）disadvantagethatasinistraltwistin

　　itselfcouldconferonitspossessoris

　　almostinconceivable.Butleft-and

　　right-handedsnailsarenotactually

　　truemirrorimagesofoneanother.

（25）Theirshapesarenoticeablydifferent.

　　Sinistralraritymight,then,bea

　　consequenceofpossibledisadvantages

　　conferredbytheseotherconcomitant

　　structuralfeatures.Inaddition,

（30）perhapsleft-andright-handedsnails

　　cannotmatewitheachother,having

　　incompatibletwistdirections.

　　Presumablyanindividualoftherarer

　　formwouldhaverelativedifficultyin

（35）findingamateofthesamehand,thus

　　keepingtherareformrareorcreating

　　geographicallyseparatedright-and

　　left-handedpopulations.

　　　Butthisevolutionarymechanism

（40）combiningdissymmetry,anatomy,and

　　chancedoesnotprovideanadequate

　　explanationofwhyright-handedness

　　shouldhavebecomepredominant.Itdoes

　　notexplain,forexample,whythe

（45）infrequentunionsbetweensnailsof

　　opposinghandsproducefeweroffspring

　　oftherarerthanthecommonerformin

　　specieswhereeachparentcontributes

　　equallytohandedness.Nordoesit

（50）explainwhy,inaspecieswhereone

　　parentdetermineshandedness,abroodis

　　notexclusivelyright-orleft-handed

　　whentheoffspringwouldhavethesame

　　geneticpredisposition.IntheEuropean

（55）pondsnailLymnaeaperegra,a

　　predominantlydextralspecieswhose

　　handednessismaternallydetermined,a

　　broodmightbeexpectedtobeexclusively

　　right-orleft-handed--and　thisoften

（60）occurs.However,somebroodspossess

　　afewsnailsoftheopposinghand,

　　andinpredominantlysinistralbroods,

　　theincidenceofdextralityis　

　　surprisinglyhigh.

（65）　Here,theevolutionarytheorymust

　　defertoatheorybasedonanexplicit

　　developmentalmechanismthatcanfavor

　　eitherright-orleft-handedness.In

　　thecaseofLymnaeaperegra,studies

（70）indicatethatadextralgeneis

　　expressedduringeggformation;i.e.,

　　beforeeggfertilization,thegene

　　producesaprotein,foundinthe

　　cytoplasmoftheegg,thatcontrolsthe

（75）patternofcelldivisionandthus

　　handedness.Inexperiments,aninjection

　　ofcytoplasmfromdextraleggs

　　changesthepatternofsinistraleggs,

　　butaninjectionfromsinistraleggs

（80）doesnotinfluencedextraleggs.One

　　explanationforthedifferingeffectsis

　　thatallLymnaeaperegraeggsbegin

　　left-handedbutmostswitchtobeing

　　ri