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Unit24Thescienceoffarming二教案
Unit24Thescienceoffarming
Lesson93
【目标与要求】
一、交际用语
1)Theysayit’sgoingtobewetandwindy.
二、单词和词组
1)theweatherreport 2)on/overtheradio
3)dryandsunny 4)sowcarrotseed
5)attheweekend 6)pickcabbages
7)the rest of
三、句型
1)What’s the weather going to be like at theweekend?
2)Thenwe’dbetterpick...beforetheweatherchanges.
【讲解设计】
一、交际用语
Theysay...
当人们只强调信息而不强调是谁说的时候常常用Theysay,相当于Itissaid。
如:
TheysayanewbridgeisgoingtobebuiltovertheChangjiangRiver.
Itissaidthattheywillsendmorearmiestothisarea.
二、单词和词组
1.dryandsunny
注意表示天气的形容词大多以名词+y结尾,如:
sunny阳光明媚的
foggy有雾的
icy滑的
rainy下雨的
snowy下雪的
windy刮风的
当然也有例外。
如:
dry干的
damp/wet潮湿的
hotcold
warmcool
2.sow
sow是不规则动词,过去式是sowed,过去分词是sown。
例如:
Whatever a man sows,that he willreap.种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。
Yesterdaywesowedthe riceseedinthefield.昨天我们在地里播了稻种。
3.the rest of
务必注意动词的单复数。
例如:
Therestofthefoodisgoingtobekeptinthefridge.
Therestofthestudentshaveleftschool.
三、句型
What’s the weather goingto be like attneweekend?
此句也可以说:
Whatwilltheweatherbelike?
如果问今天的天气,应该用:
What’s the weatherliketoday?
Howistheweathertoday?
如果问昨天或其他过去时间的天气则用:
Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?
Howwastheweatheryesterday?
Whatissb.like?
也可以用来问某人的相
对永恒的特征,如相貌、脾性等。
-What’s yourmotherlike?
-She’svery beautiful although she isold.
【练习设计】·基础练习
一、根据句子意思和所给汉语写出单词的正确形式,注意每格一词
1.Whatisthe____(天气)likeinAustralia?
2.Haveyou____(播了)thecabbageseed?
3.Itwas____(阳光明媚的),sowewentoutinginsteadofstayingathome.
4.Doyoulike____(汤团)?
5.Thisknifeandforkisnotmadeof____(金属),butofplastics.
二、根据所给汉语完成句子
1.Areyougoingouting____(周末)?
2.Themonkeyisverygoodat____(摘香蕉).
3.Wehavetofinishthework____(在铃响之前).
4.Butterandcheese____(由牛奶制成).
5.Ilikethebridges____(木头的)inmyhometown.
【练习设计】·拓展练习
三、完成对话
Dialogue1:
A:
1 ?
B:
Yes,itit.Asitissohot,shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?
A:
Goswimming?
ButIhavesomehomeworktodo. 2 ?
B:
OfcourseIcan.ButIthinkyou’dbetterdoityourself.Whynotdoitintheevening?
A:
Intheevening,Ihavealotofotherworktodo,andIalsoplaycomputergames.
B:
3 ?
A:
No,theycannot.Theycannotentermyroom.Idon’tallowthemto.
B:
Oh,Isee.ButIdon’tthinkit’sgoodforyoutoplaycomputergameseveryday.
A:
4 . 5 .
B:
It is still too much to play games every other day.Ilike playing games too,butI onlydo it whenIfinishmystudy.
A:
IthinkIshouldlearnfromyouthen.
Dialogue2:
A:
Look!
Whatarethefarmersdoinginthefields?
B:
1 .
A:
Sowingseed?
Whatseed?
B:
Riceseed.
A:
Riceseed?
Doricecomefromseed?
2 .
B:
Theywerenotgrownfromtrees.Theyshouldbeplantedinthewaterfield.
A:
Let’sgoandhavealookthen.
B:
Allright.
Lessons94&95
【目标与要求】
一、单词和词组
1)pioneer2)aresearchcenter
3)collectseedandnuts4)developthescienceofagriculture
5)researchinto/on6)experience
7)collectinformation8)studywaysofkeepingseeds
9)hangup10)inthefollowingspring
11)knockout12)improve conditions
13)cleanroughground14)pointout
15)removeweeds16)sowseedinthesoil
17)turnover18)fork
19)plant...closetogether20)doanexperiment
21)farmingandgardening22)include
23)advice on24)keepcows,sheepandfish
25)instructionsfor26)(make)asummaryof
27)theknowledgeoffarming28)forcenturies
29)atthecorrecttimeoftheyear30)go againstnature
31)examine...carefully32)ploughthesoil
33)yearafteryear34)harvestgoodcrops
35)nextto36)use...for...
二、句型
1)...andspenthistimeonresearchintoagriculture.
2)Headvisedfarmerstochoosethebestseeds.
3)Thebookwascomsideredtobeanimportantsummaryoftheknowledgeoffarming.
三、语法
间接引语。
【讲解设计】
一、单词和词组
1.aresearchcentre
research既是动词,也是名词,意思是研究,用做不及物动词时一般后接介词on/into。
例如:
Scientistsarenowresearchinginto/onouterspace.
Theyarecarryingoutresearchinto/onthecloning(克隆)ofsomekindsofanimals.
2.experiencev.&n.
作动词的意思是“经历”,作为不可数名词,它的意思是“经验”,作为可数名词,它的意思是“经历”,使用时需要加以区别。
例如:
Sofarhehascollectedsomeexperienceinteaching.
CouldyoutellusaboutyourexperiencesinSouthAmerica?
Shehasexperiencedtoomuchpainbecauseoftheoperation.
3.knockout
knockout是一个多义词组,意思是“(将)打出、淘汰、(将)打昏”等。
例如:
Theboxerknockedoutthemanwithasharpblow.拳击师猛地一拳便将那人打昏了。
Ourteamwasknockedoutinthefirstrunofthecompetition.我们队在第一轮便被淘汰了。
Youcanknockthedustoutofthequiltafterputtingitinthesunforafewhours.晒了几小时后你可以用球拍将灰尘从被子里打出来。
4.improve soil conditions
condition在表示“条件”时是可数名词,而表示“生活/学习/工作条件”时多用复数。
例如:
workingconditions/studyingconditions/livingconditions
Astronautscanlearnto“live”inouterspaceunderthestrangeconditions.宇航员在这种奇怪的条件下学会在太空生存。
Icanlendyoumoneyonconditionthatyoupaybackontime.只要你按时还钱,我可以借给你。
condition在表示“状态“时并且用于某些固定词组时用做不可数名词。
例如:
Hishouseisstillingood condition.
Thebridgeisinbadcondition.Itshouldbepulleddown.
5.rough
rough意思是“粗鲁的”、“粗糙的”或“不平静的”。
例如:
Idon’tlikehimasheistoorough.
Weweremakingourwaytothetopofthemountainontheroughroad.
The sea is not rough today,we may go outfishing.
6.point out
pointout意思是“指出”。
例如:
ThespokesmanpointedoutthatitwasnotrightfortheNATOtobombtheEmbassy.发言人指出北约轰炸大使馆是错误的。
7.turn over
turnover意思是“翻”。
例如:
Please turn overto page 88.
Hewassoexcitedthatheturnedoveragainandagainonthebed,unabletogotosleep.
Yesterdayacarturnedoveronthehighwaybecauseoftherain.
8.plant...closetogether
close作为副词,意思是“紧密地”或“距离近的”。
例如:
Thelittlechickswerecrowdedclosetogethertogetwarm.
Thetrainwascomingcloserandcloser.
Theysatclosetoeachother.
作为形容词,意思是“亲密的”或“紧张的”。
例如:
Yesterdaywewatchedtheclosegameinthestadium.
MarxandEngelswereclosefriends.
注意close/closely的区别。
closely的意思是“紧紧地”,主要是指抽象含义。
例如:
WeshouldfollowthePartyclosely.
9.experimentv.&n.
experiment意思是“实验”或“试验”,既是动词,也是名词。
例如:
Thedoctorismaking/carryingout/performanexperimentonthemouse.
Weshouldbaseourideasonexperiments
Theengineersareexperimentingwithnewmaterials.
Theyexperimentedontheanimals.
10.keepcows,sheepandfish
keep,raise,feed都可以表示“饲养”,但feed与keep/raise在意思和结构上有区别,意思是“喂食”,试比较:
Hekeptabeautifulparrotinhishouse.他在家里养了只鹦鹉。
Thevillagersraisedalotofsilkworms.村民们养了许多蚕。
Whatdoyoufeedyourdogon?
你用什么喂狗?
WeChinesemainlyfeedonrice.我们中国人以米饭为主食。
11.instructionsfor(doing)sth.
instructions曾经在高一(上)英语课本中出现过,这里主要注意介词结构。
例如:
Thechemistryteachergavesome
instructions fordoingtheexperiment.
12.atthe correct/wrongtime of the year
这个表达法与以前学过的 atthis timeyesterday很相似,注意它们在结构上的相似性。
Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?
Wehavetoplantthewheatattherighttimeoftheyear.
13.go againstnature
1)goagainst表示“反对”或“(对)不利”。
例如:
Shewentagainsthermother’swishesthistime.
Thesituationisgoingagainstus.
Itgoesagainstmyideatoborrowmoney.
2)nature在此处意思是“大自然”,注意前面不用冠词。
如果表示“性质”或“天性”,它前面可以用限定性的词,如冠词或所有格代词,试比较:
ItissoquietthatallNatureseemsasleep.
Growingcropsonthislandisastruggleagainstnature.
Itisnothernaturetotelllies.
Sheisakindnature.
14.ploughv.&n.
plough作为动词或名词的意思是“犁”,有时可以转义为“乘风破浪”。
例如:
Thefarmerisploughingthelandwithacowandaplough.农夫正在用牛拉犁耕田。
TheshipwasploughingthroughtheAtlanticwhenithitaniceberg.轮船在大西洋上航行时撞上了冰山。
15.yearafteryear
year after year与以前学过的day after day结构相同,表示“年复一年地”。
例如:
Theseason changesyearafteryear.
二、句型
1.Then hereturned home and spent histimeonresearchintoagriculture.
spend…onsth./spend…(in)doingsth.是初中阶段学过的结构,但学生依然常常会写错结构,尤其是接动词结构时常常会错用成动词不定式。
例如:
Hespenthischildhoodonthefarm.
Howmuchdidyouspendonyournewcar?
Wespenttwoyearsinexperimentingonthemedicine.
2.He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads.
advisesb.todosth.曾经在高一(上)英语课本中出现过。
又如:
MyteacheradvisedmetopractisereadingEnglisheveryday.
advise后面直接跟动词时应该用动词的-ing形式,如果接从句,则应该用should+verb虚拟语气。
例如:
Iadvisegoingoutingthisweekend.
HeadvisedthatI(should)giveupthejob.
3.Thisbookwasconsidered tobeanimportantsummaryoftheknowledgeoffarming.
Consider作为“认为”后面接动词不定式作为宾语补足语,如果作为“考虑”,后面接动词的-ing形式作宾语。
例如:
Heisconsideredtobethefittestpersonforthejob.
Weconsideryoutohavestolenthemoney.
Theyareconsideringbuildinganotherdamontheriver.
三、语法
间接引语
1)有关间接引语的使用注意以下几点:
注意时态、人称、地点状语和时间状语的变化。
一般应该向后退一个时态,如过去时常改为过去完成时。
参见下表中的变化:
2.注意选择合适的动词。
陈述用say/tell,疑问用ask/wonder,而祈使用tell/order,建议用advise/suggest。
注意这些动词后面的结构和语气。
【练习设计】·基础练习
一、根据句子意思和所给首字母写出单词,每格一词
1.Ijoinedtheyoungp____whenIwasnineyearsold.
2.Theyhavebuiltupar____centreforthesoil.
3.Healwayscatchesthee____bussothatheisalwaysthefirsttoarriveatschool.
4.Itisveryimportanttodevelopoura____andindustryifwewanttomodernizeourcountry.
5.Thecityg____hastakensomestepstocleanthedirtyriver.
6.Wehavetostudyhardaswehaveenteredthei____age.
7.AftercomingbackfromAfrica,hewroteabookabouthise____there.
8.Themeatcanbeh____upintheopenairtodry.
9.Jackwasgivensomea____onhowtoimprovehisspokenEnglish.
10.Sixpeoplediedintheaccident,i____thedriver.
11.Youcanseesomes____andcowsonthefarm.
12.Yourideashouldbebasedonyoure____ontheanimal.
13.Dofollowthei____foroperatingthemachines.
14.K____ispowerandtimeismoney.
15.Thestudentswereaskedtowriteas____ofthetextaftertheyhadreadit.
二、单项选择
1.ProfessorWangadvisedwe____moreinordertoenlargeourvocabulary.
A.toread B.reading C.read