牛津深圳八年级上学期第七课.docx
《牛津深圳八年级上学期第七课.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《牛津深圳八年级上学期第七课.docx(16页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
牛津深圳八年级上学期第七课
八年级上学期第七课
短语归纳
Beusedtodosth被用于做……被用于upto……达到
Afishingfod钓鱼竿setoff出发,启程
Bambooraft竹筏inthelateafternoon傍晚
Hang…from挂在……上enablesb.todosth使得……能做……
Bring…backto…将……取回来not…anymore不再
Remove…from…从……上移走,搬走bedividedbetween…将……分给……
traditionalChineseskill中国传统技艺bewidelyused被广泛使用
Nolonger不再thepartleft剩下的部分
Awayoflife生活方式inthesameway以同样的方式
Cutout剪出backgroundknowledge背景知识
Commonsense常识passivevoice被动语态
Activevoice主动语态afilmcrew电影摄制组
Theshapeofthebody体型commonlyusedwords常用词
Wellbuilt体型匀称的haveabeard/moustache留胡子
Doughsculpting面试(工艺)adoughsculptor面塑师
Cooldown冷却glutinousriceflour
TheancientChineseculture古老的中国文化blacktea红茶
Herbaltea药茶process…into….处理成…..
Themajorityof大部分clearof清除,摆脱
单选
1.TheOlympicGames_________everyfouryears
.A.areheldB.wereheldC.areholdingD.willhold
2.We_________toclosethewindowsbeforeweleftthelab.
A.tellB.toldC.weretoldD.aretold
3.A.tellB.toldC.woretoldD.aretold
A.builtB.buildsC.isbuiltD.wasbuilt
4.Jolin’slatestalbum________asexpectedlastmonth.
A.wassoldoutasgoodB.soldaswellC.soldasgoodD.wassoldsawell
5.Somefamouspaintings__________inthehallnextweek.
A.willshowB.wereshownC.isshownD.willbeshown
6.It’ssaidinthenewspaperthat215morenewschools_______inShenzhenby2015.
A.arebuildingB.werebuiltC.havebuiltD.willbebuilt
7.Intheartshow,alotofenjoyment________toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepainting.
A.isgivingB.isgivenC.willgiveD.hasgiven
8.Smoking________inmanycountries,sodon’tsmokehere.
A.allowsB.isallowedC.doesn’tallowD.isn’tallowed
9.Itissaidthatpotatochips________bymistakesaboutahundredyearsago.
A.inventB.inventedC.areinventedD.wereinvented
10.-DoyouknowwhodesignedtheCD-ROMAroundtheWorldinEightHours.
-Yes.It_________byNancyJackson.
A.hasdesignedB.designedC.wasdesignedD.designs
11.-Whatacleanclassroom!
-It_________everyday.
12.Children________tokeepawayfromthemedicinefortheirsafety.
A.aretoldB.tellC.aretellingD.told
13.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea_______withmilkandsugar.
A.isservingB.servesC.isservedD.served
14.Thiskindoffood_________cool,cleananddryaccordingtotheinstruction.
A.shouldbecarriedB.mustbeputC.shouldbeplacedD.mustbekept
15.-Tfheysaythere’sanewrestaurantnearby.
-Yes,andit_______fornomorethanaweek.
A.hasbeenopenB.opensC.isopeningD.isopened
句子解释
1.Whatdoeshelooklike?
2.Howtallareyou?
3.Weuseelectricityeverywhere.
4.Ofthetworunners,Stevenrunsfaster.
5.Itisrainingcatsanddogs.
初二年级阶段不规则动词变化表
一,AAA型
cost cost cost cut cut cut
hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt
let let let put put put
二、AAB型(原形与过去式相同,但与过去分词不同)
beat beat beaten
三、ABA型(过去式不同,原形和过去分词相同)
become became become come came come
四、ABB型(原形不同,但过去式与过去分词相同)
dig dug dug get got got
hang hanged hanged hang hung hung
hold held held hand handed handed
sit sat sat win won won
meet met met keep kept kept
sleep slept slept sweep swept swept
feel felt felt smell smelt smelt
leave left left build built built
lend lent lent send sent sent
spend spent spent lose lost lost
burn burnt burnt learn learnt learnt
mean meant meant catch caught caught
teach caught taught bring brought brought
fight fought fought buy bought bought
sell sold sold tell told told
think thought thought hear heard heard
say said said find found found
have/has had had make made made
stand stood stood understand understood unterstood
五、ABC型(原形、过去式以及过去分词各不相同)
begin began begun drink drank drunk
ring rang rung sing sang sung
swim swam swum blow blew blown
grow grew grown show showed shown
break broke broken choose chose chosen
forget forgot forgotten speak spoke spoken
wake woke woken drive drove driven
eat ate eaten fall fell fallen
give gave given rise rose risen
take took taken mistake mistook mistaken
do did done go went gone
lie lay laid see saw seen
wear wore worn
be
am /is was been
are were been
被动语态详解
语态是用来说明主语和谓语两者关系的一种动词形式。
主动语态句中的主语是动作的执行者或发行者,被动语态句中的主语是动作的承受者。
主动语态变被动语态是初中英语语法重点之一,也是全国各地中考必考的考点之一。
英语动词的被动语态有助动词be+及物动词的过去分词组成,be必须与主语的人称、数保持一致。
被动语态的时态也是通过be的变化表示的。
初中阶段主要掌握以下三种:
(1)一般现在时的被动语态:
is/are+过去分词
(2)一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词
(3)含有情态动词的被动语态:
can/may/must等+be+过去分词。
例如:
Treesareplantedeveryyear.
Thebottlewasfilledwithwaterbythelittleboy.
Theworkmustbefinishedinaweek.
1.主动语态变被动语态
(1)带双宾语的动词变被动语态,常把指人的间接宾语做被动句的主语,也可以把指物的直接宾语做被动
句的主语,这时间接宾语前需加介词to或for,to可省略,for不可省略。
例如:
Hegavemeabook.
Iwasgivenabook.
或Abookwasgiven(to)me. (to可省略)
Motherboughtmeabikelastmonth.
Iwasboughtabikelastmonth.
或Abikewasboughtformelastmonth.(for不可省略)
(2)短语动词的被动语态。
有些短语相当于一个及物动词,在变被动语态时,其后面的介词不可省略。
如:
Thebabyislookedafterwell.
ThesethingsweretakengoodcareOfhere.
(3)含有宾语补足语的句子中,那些感官动词和使役动词后面省略to的动词不定式,变为被动语态时要加to。
例如:
MothermademewashclotheslastSunday.IwasmadetowashclotheslastSunday.
Isawyourmothergointotheshop.-yourmotherwasseentogointotheshop.
2.不宜使用被动语态的几种情况
(1)谓语虽然是及物动词,但这种动词不强调动作而强调状态,例如have,fit,sell,suit,cost,last,own等。
例如:
Wewillhaveameetingtomorrowmorning.
Thecoatfitsmewell.
Thebookssellwell.
(2)宾语是从句、形式宾语、非谓语动词、反身代词、相互代词或含有物主代词时,也没有被动语态。
例如:
ItaughtmyselfEnglish.
Hehasfinisheddoinghishomework.
Wecanhelpeachother.
Idon’tthinkthattheyareright
Wefoundusefultolearnaforeignlanguage.
(3)“动同+宾语”构成的短语动词是不可分割的整体时,不宜用被动语态.常见的有makeaface,takeplace,breakone’sword(失信),keepone’sword(守信)等短语动词。
如:
Thenaughtyboymadenfaceinclass.
Hehasbrokenhiswordsmanytimes.
(4)祈使句一般不被动语态。
因为其动作的执行者you足明确的,被省略了
如:
Cleantheblackboard,please.
Don’tlookoutofthewindow
(5)某些及物动词如leave,enter,join,reach等的宾语表示处所、地点或组织时,不宜用被动语态。
如:
Mymotherleftthatcitytenyearsago.
Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.
(6)宾语是表示数量、长度、大小或程度的词或词组,不宜用被动语态。
如:
TheypaidfiftyYuanforthecoat.
典型例题
例1Thekeyfor____unlockingtheclassroomdoor.
A.uses B.isused
C.isusing D.use
解析:
beusedfor表示“被用来做……”,后面接名词或v-ing形式,其中的for表示用途;beusedas表示“被用做”,后面跟名词;beusedby表示“被使用",后面接表示人的名词或代词,其中by的宾语是动作的执行者;beusedto后面如果跟动词原形时,意为“被用来做”,是被动语态,主语常为物;若后面跟名词或v-ing形式时,意为“习惯于做某事”,此时to为介词。
答案:
B
例2Oldpeoplemust____.
A.bespokentopolitelyB.speaktopolite
C.bespokenpolitely D.speakpolite
解析:
本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态,其肯定结构是:
情态动词+be+过去分词。
speak是不及物动词,其后面的介词to不能省略。
答案:
A
例3Sofar,man-madesatelliteshavebeen_____intospacebymanycountries.
A.openedup B.putup
C.sentup D.sent
解析:
这是一道源自课本的中考题,考查的是现在完成时的被动语态。
答案:
C
例4—Pleasesay“Iamhere”whenyourname_____,willyou?
—Yes,Mr.Hu.
A.willbecalledB.callsC.iscalledD.iscalled
解析:
本题是对被动语态的考查。
另外,主句是将来时态,when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。
答案:
C
例5Mywatchdoesn’twork.Imusthaveit____.
A.repaired B.repairs
C.repair D.repairing
解析:
“have+宾语+过去分词”即havesth.done结构,常用来表示“让别人做某事”的含义;而“have+宾语+动词原形”则表示“让某人做某事”,即由宾语来做某事。
答案:
A
例6TheWorldCup_____inSouthKoreaandJapannow.
A.beinghad B.ishaving
C.isholding D.isbeingheld
解析:
本题考查现在进行时的被动语态“bebeing+过去分词”。
答案:
D
例7TheAPECmeeting_____inShanghailastyear.Ihearit____indifferentcountrieseveryyear.
A.isheld;isheld B.washeld;isheld
C.washeld;hasheldD.isheld;washeld
解析:
时间状语lastyear决定句子用一般过去时,everyyear决定后句用一般现在时,两句都用被动语态形式。
答案:
B
例8Anewbridge____overtherivernextyear.
A.isbuilt B.willbuild C.willbebuilt
解析:
本题考查一般将来时的被动语态:
willbe+过去分词。
答案:
C
例9canyoutellmewhomthestory___in1998?
A.waswrittenbyB.waswrittenC.iswrittenbyD.iswritten
解析:
这是一道考查被动语态的题,时间状语in1998决定动作是发生在过去,注意引出作者的介词by,不能漏掉。
答案:
A
例10Inourschool,librarybooks____withintwoweeks.
A.return B.mustreturn
C.willreturn D.mustbereturned
解析:
本题是考查含有情态动词的被动语态。
答案:
D
Exercises
一、单项填空
1.Thankyoufor______me.
A.writing B.writeto C.write D.writingto
2.Thereare_______teachersinthatschool.
A.twohundreds B.twohundredsof
C.twohundredof D.twohundred
3.Hisfather_______thePalaceMus