英语阅读理解教育文化练习题20篇.docx

英语阅读理解教育文化练习题20篇.docx

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英语阅读理解教育文化练习题20篇

英语阅读理解（教育文化）练习题20篇

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类

1．阅读理解

   Bynowyou'veprobablyheardaboutthe"you'renotspecial"speech,whenEnglishteacherDavidMcCulloughtoldgraduatingseniorsatWellesleyHighSchool:

"Donotgettheideayou'reanythingspecial,becauseyou'renot."Mothersandfatherspresentattheceremony一andawholelotofotherparentsacrosstheInternet—tookissuewithMcCullough'sego-puncturing（伤自尊的）words.Butlostintheuproar（喧嚣）wassomethingwereallyshouldbetakingtoheart:

ouryoungpeopleactuallyhavenoideawhetherthey'reparticularlytalentedoraccomplishedornot.Inoureagernesstoelevatetheirself-esteem,weforgottoteachthemhowtorealisticallyassesstheirownabilities,acrucialrequirementforgettingbetteratanythingfrommathtomusictosports.Infact,it'snotjustprivilegedhigh-schoolstudents:

wealltendtoviewourselvesasaboveaverage.

   Suchinflatedself-judgmentshavebeenfoundinstudyafterstudyandit'softenexactlywhenwe'releastcompetentatagiventaskthatwerateourperformancemostgenerously,ina2006studypublishedinthejournalMedicalEducation,forexample,medicalstudentswhoscoredthelowestonanessaytestwerethemostcharitableintheirselfevaluations,whilehigh-scoringstudentsjudgedthemselvesmuchmorestrictly.Poorstudents,theauthorsnote,"lackinsight"intotheirowninadequacy.Whyshouldthisbe?

Anotherstudy,ledbyCornellUniversitypsychologistDavidDunning,offersanenlighteningexplanation.Peoplewhoareincompetent,hewriteswithcoauthorJustinKruger,sufferfroma“dualburden":

they'renotgoodatwhattheydo,andtheirveryclumsinesspreventsthemfromrecognizinghowbadtheyare.

   InDunningandKruger'sstudy,subjectsscoringatthebottomontestsoflogic,grammarandhumor-extremelyoverestimated''theirtalents.Althoughtheirtestscoresputtheminthe12thpercentile（百分位数）theyguessedtheywereinthe62nd.Whattheseindividualslacked（inaddition9clearlogic,propergrammarandasenseofhumor）was"metacognitiveskill"thecapacitytomonitorhowwellthey'reperforming.Intheabsenceofthatcapacity,thesubjectsarrivedatanoverlyhopefulviewoftheirownabilities.There'saparadoxhere,theauthorsnote:

Theskillsthatleadtocompetenceinaparticulardomainareoftentheverysameskillsnecessarytoevaluatecompetenceinthatfield?

Inotherwords,togetbetteratjudginghowwellwe'redoingatanactivity,wehavetogetbetterattheactivityitself.

   Thereareacoupleofwaysoutofthisdoublebind.First,wecanlearntomakehonestcomparisonswithothers.Trainyourselftorecognizeexcellence,evenwhenyouyourselfdon'tpossessit,andcomparewhatyoucandoagainstwhattrulyexcellentindividualsareabletoaccomplish.Second,seekoutfeedbackthatisfrequent,accurateandspecific.Findacriticwhowilltellyounotonlyhowpoorlyyou'redoing,butjustwhatitisthatyou'redoingwrong.AsDunningandKrugernote,successindicatestousthateverythingwentright,butfailureismoreambiguous:

anynumberofthingscouldhavegonewrong.Usethisexternalfeedbacktofigureoutexactlywhereandwhenyouscrewedup.

   Ifweadoptthesestrategies—andmostimportantly,teachthemtoourchildren—theywon'tneedparents,oracommencement（毕业典礼）speaker,totellthemthatthey'respecial.They'llalreadyknowthattheyare,orhaveaplantogetthatway.

（1）Theauthorthinkstherealproblemisthat       .

A.norequirementissetupforyoungpeopletogetbetter

B.wealwaystendtoconsiderourselvestobeprivileged

C.wedon'tknowwhetherouryoungpeoplearetalentedornot

D.youngpeopledon'tknowhowtoassesstheirabilitiesrealistically

（2）Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthosehigh-scoringstudents      

A.knowhowtocultivateclearlogicandpropergrammar

B.tendtobeverycompetentintheirhigh-scoringfields

C.don'tviewthemselvesascompetentbecausetheyknowtheirlimits

D.don'tknowhowwelltheyperformduetotheirstrictself-judgement

（3）Thestrategiesofbecomingspecialsuggestthat       .

A.weneedinternalhonestywithourselvesandexternalhonestyfromothers

B.thebestwaytogetbetteristocarefullystudypastsuccessandfailure

C.throughcomparisonwithothers,onewillknowwhereandwhenhefails

D.neitherparentsnoracommencementspeakercantellwhetheroneisspecial

（4）Whichcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.TipOnMakingOurselvesMoreSpecial

B.Let'sAdmitThatWeAreNotThatSpecial

C.SpecialorNot?

TeachKidsToFigureItOut

D.TellTheTruth:

KidsOverestimatetheirTalents

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，是特殊或者不是？

我们要教会孩子理解它。

作者认为真正的问题是年轻人不知道如何现实地评估自己的能力。

想要变得特别，我们需要对自己诚实和他人对我们的诚实。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Butlostintheuproar（喧嚣）wassomethingwereallyshouldbetakingtoheart:

ouryoungpeopleactuallyhavenoideawhetherthey'reparticularlytalentedoraccomplishedornot.Inoureagernesstoelevatetheirself-esteem,weforgottoteachthemhowtorealisticallyassesstheirownabilities”,可知作者认为人们应该在喧嚣之后记住：

现在的年轻人不知道他们究竟有没有天赋，其根本原因是他们不知道如何实际地评估自己的能力。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“sufferfroma“dualburden":

they'renotgoodatwhattheydo,andtheirveryclumsinesspreventsthemfromrecognizinghowbadtheyare.”得低分的学生遭受着双重负担，即他们不擅长自己所做的，并且他们的笨拙让他们无法意识到自己有多差。

由此可推断，得高分的学生擅长自己所作的。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“First,wecanlearntomakehonestcomparisonswithothers.和Findacriticwhowilltellyounotonlyhowpoorlyyou'redoing,butjustwhatitisthatyou'redoingwrong.”可知我们要学会诚实地将自己和他人进行比较，也需要一个人将我们做的不好的，以及做错了什么如实相告。

由此可推测变得特别的策略表明我们需要对自己诚实，也需要别人对我们诚实。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段“Ifweadoptthesestrategies—andmostimportantly,teachthemtoourchildren—theywon'tneedparents,oracommencement（毕业典礼）speaker,totellthemthatthey'respecial.They'llalreadyknowthattheyare,orhaveaplantogetthatway.”可知教会了孩子文中提到的策略，孩子就可以知道他们自己是否特别，或者已经在变得特别的路上。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Thearts,especiallymusic,shouldbepartofeveryschool'slessonsateverygradelevel.Studentswouldbemuchsmarteriftheyhadsomemusicalexperience.Theycouldimprovetheirclassroomskills,likepayingattentionandfollowingdirections.Peopledevelopalltheseskillswhentheylearnmusic.Makingmusicalsoletschildrenusetheirimagination.Itprovidesstudentswithachancetotryouttheirownideas.

   Musicnotonlymakeschildrenbetterstudents,butalsogivesthemsomethingpositivetodo.Inamusicprogram,childrencanbepartofabandinsteadofjoiningagang（团伙）.Parentscanenjoylisteningtotheirchildren'smusicinsteadofseeingthemgluedtoacomputerorTVscreen.Inaschoolband,studentsgettobepartofateam.Theycangetalongwellwitholdfriendsandmakenewfriendsthroughmusic.

   Musicbuildsself-confidence,too.Itgiveschildrenasenseofachievementandsuccess.Makingmusicissomethingforthemtobeproudof,anditletskidspracticeperforminginfrontofanaudience.Musicgiveschildrenanopportunityforself-expression,andthathelpsdeveloptheirself-confidence.

   Onceagain,musicisimportantbecauseitcanmakechildrenbetterstudents,givethemsomethingpositivetodo,andbuildtheircharacter.Thatiswhymusicshouldbeofferedineverysinglegradeineveryschool.

（1）Accordingtothepassage,musiccouldmakestudentssmarterby_______________.

A.improvingtheirclassroomskillsandpayingattention

B.improvingtheirclassroomskillsandimagination

C.improvingtheirattention,directionandimagination

D.learningmusic,makingmusicandtryingouttheirownideas

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"gluedto"inthesecondparagraphmean?

A.unwillingtoturnon

B.alwayslooking

C.unwillingtoleave

D.alwaysplaying

（3）Thethirdparagraphmainlytellsusthatmusiccould_______________.

A.givechildrenself-expressionandself-confidence

B.bringtochildrenachievementandsuccess

C.givechildrensomethingtobeproudof

D.developchildren'sself-confidence

（4）What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.Musicisamustasacourseatschool.

B.Musicbuildschildren'sself-confidence.

C.Musicmakesstudentsmuchsmarter.

D.Learningmusicandmakingmusic.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文介绍了音乐在学生的成长过程中不容忽视的作用，应该被列为学校里的一门必修课程．音乐不但能够提高学生们的注意力和服从指挥的能力，而且也能让学生发挥想象力，培养他们的创造能力。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Theycouldimprovetheirclassroomskills”和“Makingmusicalsoletschildrenusetheirimagination”可知，音乐通过提高学生的课堂技能和发挥他们的想象力，使其更加聪明。

故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Parentscanenjoylisteningtotheirchildren'smusicinsteadofseeingthemgluedtoacomputerorTVscreen.”家长们能享受孩子们的音乐，而不是看他们不愿离开电脑或电视。

glue的原意“似胶般固着于”，这里引申为“不愿离开”。

故选C。

（3）考查段落大意。

根据第三段中的“Musicbuildsself-confidence,too.”音乐也建立自信可知,故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

第一段中的“Thearts,especiallymusic,shouldbepartofeveryschool'slessonsateverygradelevel.”即本篇文章的主题句。

根据概括标题需遵循“征对性、概括性、醒目性”的原则可知A为最佳答案，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Askanynewcollegegraduateabouthisimmediategoals,anditislikelythathewilltellyouhewantsajob.Butitturnsoutthattoday'sstudentsarenotgoingtobesatisfiedwithanyjob.Accordingtothelatestsurvey,makingadifferencethroughtheirworkisessential（必要的）toyoungpeople'shappiness.

   Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenv