斯佳丽旧时代的新女性的论文英美文学论文.docx
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斯佳丽旧时代的新女性的论文英美文学论文
斯佳丽:
“旧”时代的“新”女性的论文
英美文学论文
abstract
thispapermainlydiscussesscarletto′hara’sparticularcharacters,hersecretofsurvival,herrelationswithotherrolesandwhysheisalwayscriticized.scarlett,who’sclever,coquettish,stubbornanddiligent,isdifferentfromotheraristocraticwoman.shehasbeenmarriedforthreetimesandkilledathievingyankeesoldier;thenbuyssawmills,peddlestimberingherselfandearnsmoneyopenly.theworstthingisshesucceedsinbusinesswhileothergentlemenleadpoorlives.sheisdifferent,andalsodamned.butsheisjudgedasanewwomanintheoldtime.
undoubtedly,ifscarlettwereinoursociety,shewouldlivecomfortably.meanwhile,sheisagoodexampleofsurvival.butwecannotimitatescarlettinallherways.ontheotherhand,criticsnowadaysshouldcriticizescarlettinanewway,thewayofhowtosurviveinmodernsociety.
thatistosay,“bedifferent〞isnotequalto〝bedamned〞.
keywords
rebellious;different;newwoman
摘 要
这篇文章主要描述了文学名著《飘》中的女主人公—斯佳丽·奥哈拉,她独特的个性,与小说中其他人物的关系,以及她总是被批判﹑谴责的原因。
wWW..cOM斯佳丽不同于其他贵族妇女,她聪明﹑迷人﹑勤勉并且倔强而坚定。
她共有三次婚姻,枪杀了一名正在家中行窃的北方士兵;后来买下锯木厂,自己为卖木材而四处奔波,最后公然地赚取了很多钱。
在许多绅士还过着贫困潦倒的生活时,她却获得了成功,这是人们认为最不能接受的事情。
她与众
不同,因此被谴责,但却是“旧”时代的“新”女性。
毫无疑问,如果斯佳丽生活在当今社会,她会很幸福,同时也是我们学习的好榜样。
当然,我们不能效仿她的一切;另一方面,当今的评判家应该从怎样在现代社会生存的角度,来对她作出全新的评价。
与众不同,并不意味着该被批判。
关键词
反叛;与众不同;新女性
introduction
katiescarletto′hara,theleadingroleofgonewiththewindbymargaretmitchell,alwaysgetsmixedreception.however,nomatterhowselfish,indifferentandcunningorstrong,ableandcleversheisjudgedas,sheisanewwomanintheoldtime.
scarletto′hara,thedaughterofawell–bredsouthcarolinamotherandarichself–madeplanterfather,beautifulandcharming,hasmanybeaux.butsheonly“loves”ashleywilkes,“sincethatdaytwoyearsagowhenashley,newlyhomefromhisthreeyearsgrandtourineurope,hadcalledtopayhisrespects,shehadlovedhim.itwasassimpleasthat”(margaret,27).atthatday,inscarlett’seyes,ashley’s“drowsygreyeyeswidewithasmileandthesunsobrightinhisblondhairthatitseemedlikeacapofshiningsilver”(margaret,27).fromthenon,theaureoleonashley’sheadshiningallalonginherheartuntilshefinallyrealizesthatwhatshehasreallylovedandpursuedforsuchlongtimeisnotashleyhimselfbuttheaureoleonhishead.becauseofthe“love”toashley,scarletthas“hated”melaniehamilton,thewifeofashleywilkes,formanyyears.simultaneously,becauseofthe“love”toashley,scarletthasneglectedandrefusedrhettbutler’sgenuinelove.andnotuntilmelanie’sdeathdoessherealizewhomherclosefriend,firmpartnerisandwhomherreallover,stablesupporterisandalsowhomshetrulyandsteadfastlyloves.
throughthewarandduringthereconstructionscarlettactsasaheroine.“shesurvivestrialbyfireandhunger”(dawson,10).butunlikeotherepicheroes,scarlettloses,shemissesthebestfriendandlostthebesthusbandinherworld.however,scarlettisscarlett,astubbornwomanwhoalwayssays,“anyway,tomorrowisanotherday”toherselfandthensolvestheproblems.thistime,“withthespiritofherpeoplewhowouldnotknowdefeat,evenwhenitstaredthemintheface.sheraisedherchin.shecouldgetrhettback.sheknewshecould.therehadneverbeenamanshecouldnotget,onceshesetherminduponhim”(margaret,1011).thisisscarlett,rebel,willfulandstubborn,differentfromotheraristocraticwoman;sheisself-confident,independent,sagaciousandcandid.thesecharactersmakescarlettbescoldedmuchbycritics,“bedifferentandbedamned”(margaret,663).
ⅰ.descriptionofscarlett’sspecialcharactersandstyles
beforethecivilwar,scarlettlivesinanearlyperfectfamily.agentlemother,arichfather,andablackmummylookafterherwell,andtheymakeherabeautifulbutspoiledgirl.ontheotherhand,she’sclever,diligent,braveandstubborn.owingtothesecharacters,heractionsmakeherverywelcomeingentlemenbutunwelcomeinladies.
a.thebackgroundofscarlett’sfamily
scarlettshowsherdifferenceattherightopeningofthenovel.shehasa“gentlybredcreolemotherfromtheseacoast”(john,253).elleno′hara,hasneverbeenseen“stirredfromheraustereplaciditynorherpersonalappointmentsanythingbutperfect,nomaterwhatthehourofdayornight”(margaret,42).“therewasasteelyqualityunderherstatelygentlenessthatawedthewholehousehold”(margaret,43).scarlettregardshermotheras“somethingholyandapartfromalltherestofhumankind”and“theembodimentofjustice,truth,lovingtendernessandprofoundwisdom—agreatlady.”youngscarlett,orscarlettantebellum,wantsverymuchtoemulateellen,butinordertoavoidmissingjoysoflife,shewillfollowhermotheronlyonconditionthat“somedaywhenshewasmarriedtoashleyandold,somedaywhenshehadtimeforit”(margaret,62).nevertheless,ellendoesinfluencescarlettmuch.
ontheotherhand,scarlett’sfather,geraldo′hara,alittle,hard-headedandblusteringirishman,isnotwelleducated,hebelievesthatamanwhowantstoberichshouldbestrongandunafraidofwork.andgeraldishardy.“whengeraldwantedsomething,hegainsitbytakingthemostdirectroute”(margaret,48).thisconclusionseemedtofitforscarlett,too.
b.scarlett’sdifferentattitudestothesociallifeandherhappinessantebellum
asforscarlett,inherface“weretoosharplyblendedthedelicatefeatureofhermother,acoastaristocratoffrenchdescent,andtheheavyonesofherfloridirishfather”(margaret,1).attheageofsixteen,thankstomammyandellen,“shelookedsweet,charmingandgiddy,butshewas,inreality,self-willed,vainandobstinate.shehadtheeasilystirredpassionsofheririshfatherandnothingexceptthethinnestveneerofhermother’sunselfishandforbearingnature”(margaret,61).sheishighhearted,vivaciousandcharming,differentfromotherladies’elegance.sheisbeautifulthatshehasmadealmostalltheyoungmenintheneighborhoodcourther;shehasherownviewthatshealwaystriesherbesttogainwhatshewants—ashley,ortara,thenrhett.shewillneverknow,andshewouldbepleasedbutunbelievingifshehasbeentold,thatherownpersonality,frighteninglyvitalthoughitwas,wasmoreattractivethananymasqueradeshemightadopt.because“thecivilizationofwhichshewasapartwouldhavebeenunbelievingtoo,foratnotime,beforeorsince,hadsolowapremiumbeenplacedonfemininenaturalness”(margaret,82).undoubtedly,sheisdifferent,andbecauseofthisdifferences,scarlettisdestinedtobedamned—“nogirlinthecounty,reallylikedscarlett”(margaret,87).
c.scarlett’srebelliousactivitiesinatlantaduringthecivilwar
thencomesthecivilwar.afterherimpulse(marrycharleshamiltonto“retaliate”ashleywilkes’marriagetomelaniehamilton)scarlettissoonwidowed,toherdismay,motherhoodfollows.ofcoursescarlettcannotfellcontentedinherwidowlife,shestillwantstodance,laughandbecourtedasscarletto′hara,notscarletthamilton.andso,withthehelpofrhettbutler,scarlettbeginstosearchforanotherparadiseinherlife.whensheisstillinmourning,scarlett“tossedherheadandspedoutofbooth”(margaret,189),hurriedlystepsintothedancingfloor,andbeginsheranotherrebellife.shebeginstothinkforherselfinsteadoflettingothersthinkforheragain.atthatverytime,sheforgetsherselfandherrearingneglectsthelookonthechaperons’faces,caresnotwhatshewillbecriticized,shejustwantstodance,toreleaseherpartlyfrommourning.
d.scarlett’spursuitoffreedomandhappiness
onewholeyearaftercharleshamilton’sdeath,scarlettispartlyliberated.despitewearingmourning,sheisbackagainwhereshehasbeenbeforeshemarriescharles,asifshewerescarletto′haraagain,thebelleofthecounty.carelessofthedisapprovalofothers,“shebehavedasshehadbehavedbeforehermarriage—wenttoparties,danced,wentridingwithsoldiers,flirted…”(margaret,215).lifeisstillattractive,likesheis.sheenjoyshernormal-likelifeagain.she,scarlett,energeticandanimated,howcanshebedefinedforever?
muchless,themanshemarriedhasnevergainedherloveatall!
sothatscarlett,whoiswillingto,anddestinedto,pursueapassionallife.obviously,sheisdifferent,andstillisscoldedforbeingdifferentfromthesocialcode.however,inmodernsociety,noonehastherightofobstructingawidowedladyfrompursuinghappiness,especiallyremarriage.
scarlett’semotion,asthechristmasseasonof1863coming,issurgedupbecauseashleywilkeswillcomehomeonfurlough.whenscarlettlooksatashley,she“knewherfeelingofthatlong-pastnightwerethoseofaspoiledchildthwartedofatoy”(margaret,259).butunfortunately,shestilllooksuponherfeelingtoashleyas“love”,evenmorethanbefore.accordingtosuchdeepfeeling,orlove,atleastshethinksso,scarlettpromisesashleythatshewilllookaftermelanieforhim.
e.scarlett’sbraveryandstubbornness
notlonglaterashleygoesbacktoteam,heiscaptured.meanwhile,melaniefindsherselfpregnant.asthebattlefieldsituationgetsworse,theresidentsofatlantabegintofleeaway.sameastheothers,scarlettwantstogobacktotara,too.butmelanie’sdangeroushealthconditionretainsheratatlantatoaccompany,protectandhelpher.originally,scarlettfearsyankees,fearsbombsandmissestara,especiallyhermotherterribly.shehasplannedtoleavetotara,butwhenmelaniereferstoherpromisetoashley,andpraisesherforherbraveryandsturdiness,andbegshertost