自考《英语二》出版最新讲义第九章.docx
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自考《英语二》出版最新讲义第九章
Unit9FacingLife'sChallenges
AFAMOUSQUOTE
Theonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself.
——FranklinDelanoRoosevelt
我们唯一要恐惧的就是恐惧本身。
——富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福
TextA300Hurdles
NewWords
hurdlen.①hurdles[pl.]araceinwhichrunnersorhorseshavetojumpoverhurdles跨栏赛
②eachofaseriesofverticalframesthatapersonorhorsejumpsoverinarace栏架；跨栏
③aproblemordifficultythatmustbesolvedordealtwithbeforeyoucanachievesomething难关；障碍
negative
n.awordorstatementthatmeans"no";arefusalordenial否定词；否定；拒绝
adj.badorharmful坏的；有害的
despairv.tostophavinganyhopethatasituationwillchangeorimprove绝望；失去希望；丧失信心
pettyadj.smallandunimportant小的；琐碎的；次要的
individualadj.connectedwithoneperson;designedforoneperson一个人的；供一个人用的
lanen.anarrowmarkedsectionofatrackoraswimmingpoolthatisusedbyonepersontakingpartinarace（比赛的）跑道，泳道
spotn.aparticularareaorplace地点；场所；处所
symbolizev.tobeasymbolofsomething象征；是…的象征；代表
incrediblyadv.extremely极端地；极其
positiveadj.goodoruseful良好的；正面的
toughadj.havingorcausingproblemsordifficulties艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的
arisev.（especiallyofaproblemoradifficultsituation）tohappen；tostarttoexist发生；产生；出现
lostadj.unabletodealsuccessfullywithaparticularsituation不知所措的；一筹莫展的
leapv.tojumphighoralongway跳跃
yardn.aunitformeasuringlength,equalto3feet（36inches）or0.9144ofametre码
inchn.aunitformeasuringlength,equalto2.54centimetres.Thereare12inchesinafoot.英寸
cinchn.somethingthatisveryeasy很容易的事；小菜
PhrasesandExpressions
lineuptostandinalineorrow;toformaqueue/line排成一行；站队；排队（等候）
enduptofindyourselfinaplaceorsituationthatyoudidnotintendorexpecttobein最终成为；最后处于
keepupwithtomove,makeprogressorincreaseatthesamerateassomebody/something（与…）齐步前进；并驾齐驱；跟上
paceoneselftofindtherightspeedorrhythmforyourworkoranactivitysothatyouhaveenoughenergytodowhatyouhavetodo调整自己的工作（或活动）节奏
fitintolive,work,etc.inaneasyandnaturalwaywithsomebody/something（与…）合得来；适应
getovertodealwithorgaincontrolofsomething解决；克服；控制
wearouttomakeyourself/somebodyfeelverytired使疲乏；使筋疲力尽；使厌烦
witheasewithnodifficulty轻而易举地
makeittobesuccessfulinyourcareer获得成功
fallovertohityourfootagainstsomethingwhenyouarewalkingandfall,oralmostfall被…绊倒；几乎被…绊倒
getlosttobeunabletodealsuccessfullywithaparticularsituation不知所措；一筹莫展
lookbackontothinkaboutsomethinginyourpast回首（往事）；回忆；回顾
inchbyinchveryslowlyandwithgreatcareordifficulty缓慢而谨慎地；一步一步
atatimeseparatelyoringroupsoftwo,three,etc.oneachoccasion每次；逐一；依次
重点词汇
hurdle①hurdles[pl.]araceinwhichrunnersorhorseshavetojumpoverhurdles跨栏赛
②eachofaseriesofverticalframesthatapersonorhorsejumpsoverinarace栏架；跨栏
③aproblemordifficultythatmustbesolvedordealtwithbeforeyoucanachievesomething难关；障碍
eg:
Hewonthe400metreshurdles.他在400米跨栏赛中获胜。
I'vepassedthewrittentest;theinterviewisthenexthurdle.我书面考试已经及格了,下一个难关是面试。
negative
n.awordorstatementthatmeans"no";arefusalordenial否定词；否定；拒绝
adj.badorharmful坏的；有害的
eg:
Themajorityofpeople,whenaskedwhetherornottheyarecreative,willreplyinthenegative.当被问有没有创造性时，大部分人会给出否定回答。
Hehasaverynegativeattitudetohiswork.他的工作态度很消极。
反义词positive
despairv.tostophavinganyhopethatasituationwillchangeorimprove绝望；失去希望；丧失信心
despairofsb./sth.
eg:
We'vedespairedofhim;hecan'tkeepajobformorethansixmonths.我们对他已经绝望了,他做什么工作都不能超过半年。
其他词性
n.stateofhavinglostallhope失去一切希望;绝望
eg:
Hegaveupthestruggleindespair.他绝望地放弃了斗争。
symbolizev.tobeasymbolofsomething象征；是…的象征；代表
eg:
Alilysymbolizespurity.百合花象征纯洁。
衍生
symboln.
~（ofsth.）image,object,etc.thatsuggestsorreferstosth.else;emblem象征；标志
eg:
ThecrossisthesymbolofChristianity.十字架是基督教的标志。
Thelionisthesymbolofcourage.狮子是勇武的象征。
~（forsth.）markorsignwithaparticularmeaning,egplusandminussignsinmathematics,punctuationmarks,musicalnotation,etc符号，记号（如数学中的加减号﹑标点符号﹑乐谱等）
eg:
Onmaps,acrossisthesymbolforachurch.在地图上,十字符号代表教堂。
Auisthechemicalsymbolforgold.“Au”是金的化学元素符号。
symbolicadj.
eg:
ThepowerofthemonarchyinBritaintodayismoresymbolicthanreal.今日英国君主的权力多为象征性的，无甚实际意义。
symbolismn.useofsymbolstorepresentthings,esp.inartandliterature;thesymbolsthusused符号的使用；（尤指文艺中的）象征主义，象征手法
eg:
poetryfullofreligioussymbolism用大量象征手法表现宗教色彩
toughadj.①havingorcausingproblemsordifficulties艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的
eg:
It'stoughfindingajobthesedays.近来很难找到工作。
其他词义
②noteasilycut,broken,orwornout坚韧的；不易切开﹑打破或磨损的
eg:
astoughasleather坚韧如皮革
③abletoendurehardship;noteasilydefeatedorinjured能耐劳苦的;不易击败的;不易伤害的
eg:
Youneedtobetoughtosurviveinthejungle.要在丛林中活下来就要有坚忍不拔的意志。
verystrictorfirm严厉的；强硬的
toughon/with
eg:
Mymotherwasverytoughonmysister.妈妈对妹妹很严厉。
arisev.（especiallyofaproblemoradifficultsituation）tohappen；tostarttoexist发生；产生；出现
eg:
Anewdifficultyhasarisen.出现了新困难。
其他词义
followasaresultofsth.因某事物而产生﹑造成﹑引起
arisefrom/outof
eg:
problemsarisingoutofthelackofcommunication由于缺乏交流而产生的问题
Accidents~fromcarelessness.意外事故起因于粗心大意。
300Hurdles
P1
Lifemaygiveyouanegative,butdon'tdespair—itmayjustdevelopintoabeautifulpictureoneday.Thisyear,IrealizedmytheorythatIhaveonlife.Lifeislikea300mhurdlerace.SinceIrunthe300mhurdles,Iwouldknowwhattheraceislike.
P2
Thefirstthingtoanyraceisworryingaboutwhetheryouaregoingtowinornot.Thisrelatestoworryingaboutthepettythingsinlife.Doesitreallymatterifyouwin?
Isitreallygoingtobetheendoftheworld?
Orwillyoubeupsetifyouloseandthenforgetaboutit?
Inlifeweworrytoomuchandliveinthemomenttoolittle.
P3
Nextistheliningupinourownindividuallanes.Weeachstartatdifferentspots,buttheraceisstillthesamedistanceforeveryone.Thisrelatestoourlivestakingustodifferentplacesandputtingusindifferentsituations,buthopefullywewillendupinthesameplace,butmaybeatdifferenttimes.
P4
Nowcomesthebeginningoftherace.Wealltrytokeepupwitheveryoneandpaceourselveswithotherpeople.Thissymbolizesthatattimesineveryone'slivesweworryaboutfittinginorbeingthesameasotherpeople,insteadofworryingaboutbeingunique.Ifeveryonewerethesame,theworldwouldbeincrediblyboring.
P5
Nowcomesthefirsthurdle.Thishurdleistheeasiesttogetoverbecauseyouarenotwornoutfromrunning.Weallmakeitoverthishurdlewithease.Thissymbolizesthoseobstaclesinlifethatwestruggletogetover,butwealwaysmanagetodoso.Youcanlookatthathurdleintwoways:
"Ican'tmakeitover,I'mtootired"or"Iamonemorehurdleclosertofinishingthisrace".Thisisanexampleoftakinganegativesituationandseeingsomethingpositiveinit.
P6
Thenextpartoftheraceiseveryhurdlebetweenthefirstandfastone.Thesehurdlesgettougherandtougherandyoumayfeelasthoughyoucan'tgoon.Thishappensalotinlifetoo.Theremaybeasituationthatariseswhereyoufeelasthoughyoucan'tmakeitandallyoucanthinkaboutisgivingup.Youmayfalloverthat"hurdle"orstrugglegettingoverit,butsomehowyoufinditinyourselftojumpoveritandmoveonwiththerace.
P7
Nextisthatlast100moftherace.Youfeelasthoughyoujustwanttosay,"NoIcan'tdothis."Again,youmustfinditinyourselfthatyoucandoit,andyoumustfinishtheracestrongerthanwhenyouhadstartedit.
P8
Nowlastlyisthelasthurdle.Thishurdleisthetoughestoutofallofthem.Inlifewefindourselvesfallingandfalling,andmaybegettingtoolostinourproblemsthatwefeellikewehavebeenthroughenoughandthere'snohope.Thatlasthurdlesymbolizesthesesituations.It'sonestepclosetotheendoftherace.
P9
Onceyoufinish,youlookbackonitandyourealizethatyoumadeitnotbyleaping,butstepbystep."Yardbyyard,lifeisveryhard.Butinchbyinch,lifecanbeacinch."
P10
Allittakesisonestepatatime,onehurdleatatime.
Exercises
ⅠCheckingYourComprehension
Directions:
Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionfromtheinformationgiveninthepassage.
1.Whatistheauthor'sopinionontheresultofarace?
A）Itreallymatterswhetheryouaregoingtowinornot.
B）Itisreallygoingtobetheendoftheworldifyouloseit.
C）Weshouldnotworrytoomuchabouttheresultofit.
D）Weshouldnotfeelupsetandforgetaboutit.
[答疑编号506431090201]
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】题目问作者对于比赛的结果是如何看待的。
作者一连三个反问句，说明的是输赢并不重要，不是世界末日，输了也是就沮丧然后忘记，所以选项ABD都错误。
C正确，不要太担心结果。
答案为C。
2.Attimes,wethinktoomuchaboutbeingthesameasotherpeople,insteadof________.
A）thinkingaboutlivinginthemoment
B）thinkingabouttakingactions
C）worryingaboutbeingunique
D）worryingaboutwinningornot
[答疑编号506431090202]
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】课文第四段第三句原话，选项A、B文章中都未提及，不选，D选项也不对。
答案为C。
3.Gettingoverthefirsthurdleindicatesthatinanegativesituation,youshould________.
A）seethepositiveaspectsofthesituation
B）takeiteasyindealingwiththesituation
C）struggletogetoverthesituation
D）getoverthesituationwithease
[答疑编号506431090203]
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】课文第五段说，跨过这第一栏标志着我们努力挣扎并取得成功。
我们可以从两方面看待第一栏，但是应采取积极的态度面对。
答案为A。
4.Ineventou
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