新GRE作文ARGUMENT和ISSUE题库word版.docx

新GRE作文ARGUMENT和ISSUE题库word版.docx

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新GRE作文ARGUMENT和ISSUE题库word版

2011年新GRE作文ARGUMENT题库

官方原链接：

http:

//www.ets.org/gre/revised_general/prepare/analytical_writing/argument/pool

ThispagecontainstheArgumenttopicsfortheAnalyticalWritingsectionofthe

GRErevisedGeneralTest.Whenyoutakethetest,youwillbepresentedwithone

Argumenttopicfromthispool.

EachArgumenttopicconsistsofapassagethatpresentsanargumentfollowedby

specifictaskinstructionsthattellyouhowtoanalyzetheargument.Thewordingof

sometopicsinthetestmightvaryslightlyfromwhatispresentedhere.Also,because

theremaybemultipleversionsofsometopicswithsimilaroridenticalwordingbut

withdifferenttaskinstructions,itisveryimportanttoreadyourtesttopicandits

specifictaskdirectionscarefullyandrespondtothewordingasitappearsintheactual

test.

Wovenbasketscharacterizedbyaparticulardistinctivepatternhavepreviouslybeen

foundonlyintheimmediatevicinityoftheprehistoricvillageofPaleaandtherefore

werebelievedtohavebeenmadeonlybythePaleanpeople.Recently,however,

archaeologistsdiscoveredsucha"Palean"basketinLithos,anancientvillageacross

theBrimRiverfromPalea.TheBrimRiverisverydeepandbroad,andsotheancient

Paleanscouldhavecrosseditonlybyboat,andnoPaleanboatshavebeenfound.

Thusitfollowsthattheso-calledPaleanbasketswerenotuniquelyPalean.

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatspecificevidenceisneededtoevaluate

theargumentandexplainhowtheevidencewouldweakenorstrengthenthe

argument.

Thefollowingappearedaspartofalettertotheeditorofascientificjournal.

"Arecentstudyofeighteenrhesusmonkeysprovidescluesastotheeffectsofbirth

orderonanindividual'slevelsofstimulation.Thestudyshowedthatinstimulating

situations（suchasanencounterwithanunfamiliarmonkey）,firstborninfantmonkeys

produceuptotwiceasmuchofthehormonecortisol,whichprimesthebodyfor

increasedactivitylevels,asdotheiryoungersiblings.Firstbornhumansalsoproducerelativelyhighlevelsofcortisolinstimulatingsituations（suchasthereturnofa

parentafteranabsence）.Thestudyalsofoundthatduringpregnancy,first-time

mothermonkeyshadhigherlevelsofcortisolthandidthosewhohadhadseveral

offspring."

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscussoneormorealternativeexplanationsthatcould

rivaltheproposedexplanationandexplainhowyourexplanation（s）canplausibly

accountforthefactspresentedintheargument.

ThefollowingappearedasalettertotheeditorfromaCentralPlazastoreowner.

"Overthepasttwoyears,thenumberofshoppersinCentralPlazahasbeensteadily

decreasingwhilethepopularityofskateboardinghasincreaseddramatically.Many

CentralPlazastoreownersbelievethatthedecreaseintheirbusinessisduetothe

numberofskateboardusersintheplaza.Therehasalsobeenadramaticincreasein

theamountoflitterandvandalismthroughouttheplaza.Thus,werecommendthatthe

cityprohibitskateboardinginCentralPlaza.Ifskateboardingisprohibitedhere,we

predictthatbusinessinCentralPlazawillreturntoitspreviouslyhighlevels."

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatquestionswouldneedtobeansweredin

ordertodecidewhethertherecommendationislikelytohavethepredictedresult.Be

suretoexplainhowtheanswerstothesequestionswouldhelptoevaluatethe

recommendation.

Thefollowingappearedinaletterfromahomeownertoafriend.

"Ofthetwoleadingrealestatefirmsinourtown!

AdamsRealtyandFitch

Realty!

AdamsRealtyisclearlysuperior.Adamshas40realestateagents;in

contrast,Fitchhas25,manyofwhomworkonlypart-time.Moreover,Adams'

revenuelastyearwastwiceashighasthatofFitchandincludedhomesalesthat

averaged$168,000,comparedtoFitch's$144,000.HomeslistedwithAdamssell

fasteraswell:

tenyearsagoIlistedmyhomewithFitch,andittookmorethanfour

monthstosell;lastyear,whenIsoldanotherhome,IlisteditwithAdams,andittook

onlyonemonth.Thus,ifyouwanttosellyourhomequicklyandatagoodprice,you

shoulduseAdamsRealty."

Writearesponseinwhichyouexaminethestatedand/orunstatedassumptionsofthe

argument.Besuretoexplainhowtheargumentdependsontheseassumptionsand

whattheimplicationsarefortheargumentiftheassumptionsproveunwarranted.

ThefollowingappearedinalettertotheeditoroftheBalmerIslandGazette.

"OnBalmerIsland,wheremopedsserveasapopularformoftransportation,the

populationincreasesto100,000duringthesummermonths.Toreducethenumberof

accidentsinvolvingmopedsandpedestrians,thetowncouncilofBalmerIsland

shouldlimitthenumberofmopedsrentedbytheisland'smopedrentalcompanies

from50perdayto25perdayduringthesummerseason.Bylimitingthenumberof

rentals,thetowncouncilwillattainthe50percentannualreductioninmoped

accidentsthatwasachievedlastyearontheneighboringislandofSeaville,when

Seaville'stowncouncilenforcedsimilarlimitsonmopedrentals."

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatquestionswouldneedtobeansweredin

ordertodecidewhethertherecommendationislikelytohavethepredictedresult.Be

suretoexplainhowtheanswerstothesequestionswouldhelptoevaluatethe

recommendation.

ArcticdeerliveonislandsinCanada'sarcticregions.Theysearchforfoodbymoving

overicefromislandtoislandduringthecourseoftheyear.Theirhabitatislimitedto

areaswarmenoughtosustaintheplantsonwhichtheyfeedandcoldenough,atleast

someoftheyear,fortheicetocovertheseaseparatingtheislands,allowingthedeer

totraveloverit.Unfortunately,accordingtoreportsfromlocalhunters,thedeer

populationsaredeclining.Sincethesereportscoincidewithrecentglobalwarming

trendsthathavecausedtheseaicetomelt,wecanconcludethatthepurporteddecline

indeerpopulationsistheresultofthedeer'sbeingunabletofollowtheirage-old

migrationpatternsacrossthefrozensea.

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatspecificevidenceisneededtoevaluate

theargumentandexplainhowtheevidencewouldweakenorstrengthenthe

argument.

ThefollowingisarecommendationfromtheBoardofDirectorsofMonarchBooks.

"WerecommendthatMonarchBooksopenacaf"initsstore.Monarch,havingbeen

inbusinessatthesamelocationformorethantwentyyears,hasalargecustomerbase

becauseitisknownforitswideselectionofbooksonallsubjects.Clearly,opening

thecaf"wouldattractmorecustomers.Spacecouldbemadeforthecaf"by

discontinuingthechildren'sbooksection,whichwillprobablybecomelesspopular

giventhatthemostrecentnationalcensusindicatedasignificantdeclineinthe

percentageofthepopulationunderageten.Openingacaf"willallowMonarchto

attractmorecustomersandbettercompetewithRegalBooks,whichrecentlyopened

itsowncaf"."Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatquestionswouldneedtobeansweredin

ordertodecidewhethertherecommendationislikelytohavethepredictedresult.Be

suretoexplainhowtheanswerstothesequestionswouldhelptoevaluatethe

recommendation.

Thefollowingappearedinamemofromthedirectorofstudenthousingat

BuckinghamCollege.

"Toservethehousingneedsofourstudents,BuckinghamCollegeshouldbuilda

numberofnewdormitories.Buckingham'senrollmentisgrowingand,basedon

currenttrends,willdoubleoverthenext50years,thusmakingexistingdormitory

spaceinadequate.Moreover,theaveragerentforanapartmentinourtownhasrisen

inrecentyears.Consequently,studentswillfinditincreasinglydifficulttoafford

off-campushousing.Finally,attractivenewdormitorieswouldmakeprospective

studentsmorelikelytoenrollatBuckingham."

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatspecificevidenceisneededtoevaluate

theargumentandexplainhowtheevidencewouldweakenorstrengthenthe

argument.

Nature'sWay,achainofstoressellinghealthfoodandotherhealth-relatedproducts,

isopeningitsnextfranchiseinthetownofPlainsville.Thestoreshouldprovetobe

verysuccessful:

Nature'sWayfranchisestendtobemostprofitableinareaswhere

residentsleadhealthylives,andclearlyPlainsvilleissuchanarea.Plainsville

merchantsreportthatsalesofrunningshoesandexerciseclothingareatall-timehighs.

Thelocalhealthclubhasmoremembersthanever,andtheweighttrainingand

aerobicsclassesarealwaysfull.Finally,Plainsville'sschoolchildrenrepresentanew

generationofpotentialcustomers:

theseschoolchildrenarerequiredtoparticipateina

fitness-for-lifeprogram,whichemphasizesthebenefitsofregularexerciseatanearly

age.

Writearesponseinwhichyouexaminethestatedand/orunstatedassumptionsofthe

argument.Besuretoexplainhowtheargumentdependsontheseassumptionsand

whattheimplicationsarefortheargumentiftheassumptionsproveunwarranted.

Twentyyearsago,Dr.Field,anotedanthropologist,visitedtheislandofTertia.Using

anobservation-centeredapproachtostudyingTertianculture,heconcludedfromhis

observationsthatchildreninTertiawererearedbyanentirevillageratherthanby

theirownbiologicalparents.Recentlyanotheranthropologist,Dr.Karp,visitedthegroupofislandsthatincludesTertiaandusedtheinterview-centeredmethodtostudy

child-rearingpractices.IntheinterviewsthatDr.Karpconductedwithchildrenliving

inthisgroup