天津卷阅读理解精讲解析.docx
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天津卷阅读理解精讲解析
2019年6月天津卷阅读理解精讲精析
A
HistoryFairCompetition
Understandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.Historyismuchmorethanthestudyofdustyoldobjectsandeventslongpast.Itisanessentialpartofwhowearetodayandwhowewillbecome.ThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetitionmakesunderstandinghistoryexciting,engaging,andfun！
ThisYear’sTheme
AllparticipantsmustaddresshowcommunicationortransportationtechnologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericansthroughouthistory.Tomanypeople,technologymeanscomputers,hand-helddevices,orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.However,technologyisalsotheapplicationofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.
Individualsorgroupsmayenteroneofthefollowingcategories：
•Performance
•Documentary（纪实作品）
•EssayWriting
CategoryRequirements
Performance:
Adramaticpresentationofthetopicnomorethan10minuteslong.Ifspecialclothesareused，theyshouldtrulyrepresentagivenperiod.
Documentary:
Avisualpresentation（suchasavideo，slideshow，orcomputerproject）nomorethan10minuteslong.Adesktopcomputer,screen,projector,andloudspeakerswillbeavailable.StudentsmustprovidetheirpresentationsonCDsbeforeFriday,March23.
EssayWriting:
Anacademicpaperof2，000to2，500words.Noillustrations（图解）areallowed.Pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistofreferencesmustbeincluded.
ImportantDates
January5Submitatopicproposaltoyourhistoryteacher.Theteachermayrequireasecondproposalifthefirstisoff-topicorunclear.
February5Submitafirstdraftofyouressay，performancescript（剧本），ordocumentaryhighlights.
February19Acommitteeofteacherswillevaluatematerialsandgiveopinions.Studentsthenhaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirproducts.
March9Submitafinaldraftofyouressay.
March15Performanceanddocumentarycommitteepreview
March24ThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetition
7：
00A.M—9：
00A.MParticipantssigninginatthegym
10：
00A.M.—6：
00PM.Competitionandjudges’review
7：
00P.M.Awardsceremonyandpicnic
36.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatisthemajorgoalofunderstandinghistory?
A.Topreservenationaltraditions.
B.Toprepareforahistorycompetition.
C.Tobetterknowthepresentandfuture.
D.Tofurtherexplorehistoricalmysteries.
37.Whatisthethemeofthisyear’scompetition?
A.Technologyadvancesscience.
B.Scienceinteractswithtechnology.
C.Sciencehasmadethestudyofhistoryeasy.
D.TechnologyhasimprovedthelifeofAmericans.
38.Amongtheitemsprovidedbytheschoolforavisualpresentationare__________.
A.specialclothesandascreenB.adesktopcomputerandaCD
C.aprojectorandspecialclothesD.adesktopcomputerandloudspeakers
39.Whatwouldaparticipanthavetodowithanessayof1,500wordstomeetthecategoryrequirement?
A.Includemoreinformationintheessay.B.Removethereferences.
C.Provideacoverfortheessay.D.Explainthedetailswithillustrations.
40.WhatwillthecommitteeofteachersdoonFebruary19?
A.Previewperformancesanddocumentaries.
B.Makecommentsonthematerials.
C.Improvetheparticipant’sfirstdraft.
D.Collectasecondproposalfromtheparticipant.
答案：
36-40:
CDDAB
精讲精析：
一、总论：
1）话题分类：
文娱
2）体裁：
应用文
3）难易程度：
易—中
4）试题来源：
二、词汇部分：
英文
中文
词汇精讲拓展
vital
adj.至关重要的
bevitaldoingsth.做某事至关重要的
vitalityn.生命力;活力
dusty
adj.灰暗的;布满灰尘的
n.dust灰尘
v.dust去除灰尘
object
n.物体,物品;研究对象;目标,目的;宾语
v.反对
objectiveadj客观的
objectionn反对
objecttodoingsth拒绝做某事
essential
adj极其重要的
n.essence本质;精髓
adv.essentially本质上,基本上,根本上
engaging
adj有趣的,迷人的,
engagev吸引住;雇佣
engagedadj忙于做某事beengagedindoingsth/onsth.
engagementn订婚;约会;雇佣
participant
n参与者
participate（in）v参加;参与
participation（in）n参与
address
n地址
v说明;称呼;致函
addresssthtosb想某人说某事
transportation
n运输
publictransportation公共交通
transportv运输,运送
promote
v提升;促进;晋升;促销
npromotion
be／getpromoted升职
quality
n质量;素质,品德
qualifyv合格,具备资格;
qualifiedadj具备...资格;符合资质
qualificationn学历,资格,资质
device
n设备;手段,策略
vehicle
n交通工具,车辆
motorvehicle机动车辆
distant
adj遥远的
distancen距离
inadistance在远处,在远方
atadistance久远地,遥远地
application
n申请,应用
appliedadj应用的,实用的
applicantn申请人
applyv申请,应用,使用
scientific
adj科学的
sciencen科学
scientistn科学家
countless
adj数不尽的
countv数数counton依靠
countableadj可数的
-less后缀worthless无价值的priceless珍贵的,无价的
individual
n个人
adj单独的
individuallyadv单独地
individualizeadj使个性化
individualityn个性化
category
n类别,种类
categorize=classifyv分类
performance
n表演,表现
performv履行表演
performern表演者
essay
n文章
requirement
n必备条件
requirev需求,依靠
dramatic
adj戏剧性的;突然的,令人吃惊的
draman戏剧
dramatistn编剧,戏剧家
truly
adj真正地
trueadj真正的
truthn事实
represent
v陈述,代表,
representationn代表
period
n时期
periodic周期性的
visual
adj视力的
visualizev使形象化,视觉化
projector
n投影仪
projectv计划,投影,预测
projectionn推测,猜想
available
adj可获得的,有空的
beavailabletodo可做某事
availabilityn可用性
academic
adj学术的
academy学院
reference
n参考书目,参考
In/withreferenceto关于（所述内容）
submit
v提交,呈交;屈服,顺从
submissionn提交;服从
admit承认，允许进入permit承认
commit犯罪commitmurder谋杀
promote
v提升;促进;晋升;促销
npromotion
be／getpromoted升职
proposal
n提议,建议
aproposaltodosth提议做某事
propose:
v建议,提议
off-topic
adj偏题的
off-topicview离题观点
unclear
adj不清楚的
clearadj清楚的
clearlyadv清晰地
draft
n草稿
v起草
draft-draught-draught
highlight
v强调
highlight=emphasize
committee
n委员会
Thecommitteehasbeendissolved.
委员会已经解散了
evaluate
v评估
evaluationn评估
evaluate=assess
material
n物质
adj物质的
rawmaterial原材料
materiallyadv物质地
Hehastriedtohelpthischildmateriallyandspiritually..他尽力从物质上和精神上帮助这个小孩。
preview
n预演,预展
v概述,扼要介绍
pre+view
gym
n体育馆
gymnasticadj运动的，健身的
gymnastn运动员
judge
n评委
v评判
judgementn评判
Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.不要以貌取人
competition
n比赛
competev比赛
competitorn比赛者
competitiveadj有竞争力的
award
n/v奖励
receive/get/winanawardforsth
ceremony
n典礼,仪式
withoutceremony不拘礼节
review
v/n复查,反思,评论,复习
re+view
三、短语部分：
英文
中文
英文
中文
muchmorethan
不仅仅
nomorethan
不超过，仅仅
It'snomorethanaplatitude.无非是老生常谈。
hand-helddevices
手拿设备
haveanopportunitytodo
有机会做某事
signin
登记,签到
四、句子分析
1、Understandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.
2、Itisanessentialpartofwhowearetodayandwhowewillbecome.
3、However,technologyisalsotheapplicationofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.
4、Theteachermayrequireasecondproposalifthefirstisoff-topicorunclear.
五、篇章结构思维导图：
第一段mainidea：
通过说历史的重要性,引出historyfaircompetition.
第二段mainidea：
展览的主题
第三段mainidea：
各个类别要求
第四段mainidea：
关于竞赛的重要日期
六、摘抄内容：
1）Understandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.
2）Alistofreferencesmustbeincluded.
B
ImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdon’tremembermomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.
Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,"Ican’tbelievewhat’sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,"mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.
Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsaid,"TheC-A-N-D-Yishiddenonthetopshelf,"Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.
Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA’sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn’tenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstractlefttoomuchroomforargument.
Yet,nowthatI’mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon’thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.
We’retaughttoreadbecauseit’snecessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI’vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.
41.Whydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofmom’shands?
A.Shewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher.
B.Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.
C.Shecouldn’twaittotearthenewspaperapart.
D.Shecouldn’thelpbutstopmomfromreading.
42.AccordingtoParagraph3,theauthor’sreadingofroadsignsindicates___________.
A.heruniquewaytolocateherself
B.hereagernesstodevelopherreadingability
C.herefforttoremindmomtoobeytrafficrules
D.hergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher.
43.Whatwastheauthor’sviewonfactualreading?
A.Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.
B.Itwouldallowmuchroomforfr
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