届高考二轮复习英语话题词汇与阅读理解专练专题12人物传记类原卷版.docx
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届高考二轮复习英语话题词汇与阅读理解专练专题12人物传记类原卷版
专题12人物传记类
------词汇识记+真题感悟+最新专项练习
Step1
测一测我的话题词汇量
1.beborninapoorfamily ____________
2.attendschool____________
3.aboywithgreatability____________
4.duringhischildhood____________
5.senseofhumour____________
6.bereadyto____________
7.modestandhonest____________
8.adapt（oneself）to____________
9.havedifficultyindoingsth.____________
10.beeagertodosth.____________
11.beregardedas____________
12.haveagiftfor____________
13.workhardat____________
14.devoteone'slifeto____________
15.graduatefrom____________
16.takenanactivepartin____________
17.open mindedandoptimistic____________
18.beadmittedto____________
19.goabroadforfurtherstudies____________
20.behonoredfor____________
21.wisdomn． ____________
22.intelligentadj.____________
23.giftedadj.____________
24.outgoingadj.____________
25.outstandingadj.____________
26.virtuen．____________
27.optimisticadj.____________
28.achievementn．____________
29.admirev.____________
30.attractiveadj.____________
31.confidentadj.____________
32.enthusiasticadj.____________
33.creativeadj.____________
34.energeticadj.____________
自我小结：
_____________________________________________________________________________
Step2
真题感悟
人物类阅读理解主要向考生介绍科学家、文学家、政治家、影视和体育明星等杰出人物在各自领域所取得的重大成就及为人类做出的巨大贡献。
这些杰出人物不仅推动了社会的进步，而且他们对事业的追求、对人民的热爱成为时代最重要的精神财富。
（1）
【2017·浙江卷，A】
BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel'shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.
Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged（蓬乱）.Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.
The_cat's_lot_was_about_to_improve.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin'scousins,Mr.Pennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin'sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版画）byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.
In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin'sparentsifhemighttaketheboybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.
Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape（风景）painting.WilliamWilliams,awell knownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine year oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.
1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？
A.Benjamin'svisittoPhiladelphia.
B.Williams'influenceonBenjamin.
C.ThebeginningofBenjamin'slifeasanartist.
D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest？
A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.
B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.
C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.
D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.
3.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent？
A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.
B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.
C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.
D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.
4.Williams'twobookshelpedBenjaminto________.
A.mastertheuseofpaints
B.appreciatelandscapepaintings
C.gettoknowotherpainters
D.makeuphismindtobeapainter
Step3
专项训练
（1）
WaltWhitmanwasbornin1819inNewYorkCity.Duringhislonglife,hewatchedAmericagrowfromayoungnationtothestrongestindustrialpowerintheworld.Whitmanwasinfluencedbyeventsaroundhim.Buthispoetryspeaksoftheinnerself.HecelebratedgreatpeoplelikePresidentAbrahamLincoln.Healsocelebratedcommonpeople
Asayoungman,Whitmanworkedasaschoolteacher,printerandnewspaperreporter.Hewas36yearsoldwhenhisfirstbookofpoetrywaspublished.HecalleditLeavesofGrass.Ithadonlytwelvepoems.Thepoemswerewritteninfreeverse.Thelinesdidnotfollowanysetform.Somelineswereshortandsomewerelong.Thewordsattheendofeachlinedidnothaveasimilarsound.Theydidnotrhyme.
OneofAmerica'sgreatestthinkersandwritersimmediatelyrecognizedtheimportanceofLeavesofGrass.RalphWaldoEmersonpraisedWhitman'swork.But_most_other_poets_and_
writers_said_nothing_or_denounced_it.
TheAmericanCivilWarbeganin1861.Duringthewar,Whitmanworkedwithoutpayatarmyhospitals.Hehelpedcareforwoundedanddyingsoldiers.Hesatbesidethesemenforhours.Hebroughtthemfoodandwrotelettersforthem.AftertheCivilWar,Whitmanworkedforgovernmentagencies.HewatchedtheUnitedStatestrytohealitselfandincreasedemocracy（民主）.ToWaltWhitman,democracywasmorethanapoliticalsystemoridea.Itwasthenaturalformofgovernmentforfreepeople.Whitmanbelieveddemocracywasmeanttohonortherightsofeverypersonandtheequalityofallpeople.
In1873,WaltWhitmansufferedastroke（中风）.HespentthelastyearsofhislifeinCamden,NewJerseyandwrotemorepoems.Whitmanwaspoorandweakduringthelastyearsofhislife.Hediedin1892.
1．WaltWhitmanexpressedhisfeelingsby________.
A．singingsongs B．celebratinggreatpeople
C．writingpoemsD．praisingcommonpeople
2．LeavesofGrasswaspublishedin________.
A．1819B．1855
C．1861D．1873
3．TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3means“________”．
A．manygreatwriterslikedWhitman'spoemsverymuch
B．alotofpeopleagreedwithEmerson
C．manypoetsandwritersdidn'tpraiseoreventhoughtillofWhitman'spoems
D．manypoetsandwritersthoughthighlyofWhitman
4．ItcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthatWhitmanwasa（n）________.
A．bravesoldierB．manofdevotion
C．honestofficialD．greatpolitician
（2）
“Footballisaveryshort termcareer.Footballreallypreparesyouforalmostnothing.TheonlythingIgotoutoffootballwastheabilitytoworkhard，”saysGalesSayers.Sowhatdoyoudoafteryourglorydaysonthefieldareover?
Here'swhatoneofthetopplayers,GalesSayers,didafterhe_put_down_the_pigskin.
GalesSayers:
40,ChicagoBears,RunningBack.
GalesSayersbecamefamousin1965.Afterrecoveringfromaseriouskneeinjuryin1968,SayersreturnedtotheBearsin1969andwasawardedtheGeorgeHalasAwardas“themostcourageousplayerinprofessionalfootball”.Attheawardceremony,heowedhisprizetohisfriendandteammateBrianPiccolowhowasdyingofcancer.
Sayerscouldn'tgetawayfromtheinjuries,though,andanotherblowtohiskneeputanendtohisfootballcareerin1971.Hispersonallifewasunfortunateaswell,asheandhiswife,Linda,splitupthatyear.Shortlyafterthat,SayersstartedanewlifeandcareerasanassistantathleticdirectorintheUniversityofKansas.By1976hewasmovinguptheladderatSouthernIllinoisUniversity,becomingthefirstAfrican Americanathleticdirectoratamajoruniversity.
Sayersstartedacomputersuppliescompanyin1984withhissecondwife,Ardie,whomhemarriedin1973.Thecouplewaslookingforafieldwithafuture,andcomputersseemedtohaveitall.Seventeenyearslater,thecompanythatbearshisnameisanationalprovideroftechnologysolutions,with10locationsandover350employeesacrossthecountry.Justlikeintheolddaysthehonorsstartedrollingin.SayerswaslistedintotheChicagoAreaEntrepreneurship（企业家）HallofFamein1999.
5．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“heputdownthepigskin”inParagraph1mean?
A．Sayersendedhisfootballcareer.
B．Sayerswastootiredtogoonplaying.
C．Sayersintendedtostartanewcareer.
D．Sayersonlywantedtotestforsometime.
6．HowmanytimeswasSayershonoredinhislife?
A．Onlyonceasafootballstar.
B．Onlyonceasabusinessman.
C．Twiceinall.
D．Wearenotquitesure.
7．Sayersstartedhisnewcareermainlybecauseof_______.
A．thefirstkneeinjuryin1968
B．hisunfortunatepersonallife
C．anothermoreseriouskneeinjury
D．afriend'sbeingdeadlyill
8．Whatcanbelearnedfromthispassage?
A．Footballplayersarenotsuccessfulallthetime.
B．Asuccessfulbusinessmanshouldbeaballplayerfirst.
C．Aretiredfootballplayercaneasilymakemoney.
D．Whateveryoudo,workinghardisthemostimportant.
（3）
IthoughtIwasprettygoodatteachingmyself—untilIreadTaraWestover’sEducated.Herabilitytolearnonherownblowsmyrightoutofthewater.Iwasthrilledtositdownwithherrecentlytotalkaboutthebook.
TarawasraisedinaMormonsurvivalisthomeinruralIdaho.Herdadhadverynonmainstreamviewsaboutthegovernment.Hebelieveddoomsdaywascomingandthatthefamilyshouldinteractwiththehealthandeducationsystemsaslittleaspossible.Asaresult,shedidn’tstepfootinaclassroomuntilshewas17,andmajormedicalcriseswentuntreated.（Hermothersufferedabraininjuryinacaraccidentandneverfullyrecovered）.
BecauseTaraandhersixsiblingsworkedattheirfather’sjunkyardfromayoungage,noneofthemreceivedanykindofproperhomeschooling.S
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