外研社 高中英语必修五课文语言知识点归纳总结.docx

外研社 高中英语必修五课文语言知识点归纳总结.docx

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外研社高中英语必修五课文语言知识点归纳总结

外研社英语必修5知识点提要

Module1

1.havesomething/nothing/much/littleincommon（with…..）和…有/没有/有很多/几乎没有共同之处

eg.Thetwowordshavesomethingincommonwitheachother.

incommonwith….与….一样

eg.Incommonwithotheryoungpeople,Mikeenjoyspopmusic.

2.①except除….之外

eg.EverybodyexceptJohnwasabletoanswer.

eg.IknownothingabouthiscareerexceptthatheisagraduateofYaleUniversity.

eg.Hegoestothelibraryeverydayexceptwhenheisnotwell.

②exceptfor整体中除了部分，强调美中不足

eg.Themoviewasgoodexceptfortheending.

③besides除…之外（还有）包括在内

eg.Therewerethreemorevisitorsbesidesme.

④but除…之外意义与except同常见于

allbut...除了…都

anything/nothingbut…除…之外什么都/都不...

⑤otherthan除…..之外（常用于否定句）

eg.Youcan’tgettotheislandotherthanbyboat.

apartfrom除…之外

eg.Apartfrom/Exceptforhisnose,he’squitegood-looking.

eg.Apartfrom/Besides/Inadditiontotheinjuriestohisfaceandhands,hebrokebothlegs.

eg.Apartfrom/exceptAnn,thecarwasempty.

3.dividesthintosth

eg.Dividetheclassintosmallgroups.

separate….from…..

eg.Theriverseparatethisvillagefromthatone.

4.makea/any/some/nodifference对…有/没有影响

eg.Itmakesnodifferencetomewhetherhegoesornot.

5.exchangen.交换，交流inexchangefor最为交换

eg.Igaveherasweaterinexchangeforaskirt.

exchangev.交换，更换exchangeAforB把A换成B

eg.Heexchangedthebluesweaterforaredone.

6.fun[U]有趣的事n..常用于以下结构

Havefun!

forfunWhatfun!

makefunofIt’sfundoingsth.

eg.Ididitforfun.

eg.It’snotpolitetomakefunofsomeone.

eg.It’sgreatfunwatchingsuchafilm.

7.fillupwith用…装满

eg.Theroomwasfilledupwithstudents.

fillout/in填写

8.prefertodo…ratherthandoeg.IprefertogoforawalkratherthanwatchTVathome.

prefersb.todoeg.Hismotherprefershimtokeepquiet.

preferdoingtodoingeg.Ipreferswimmingtorunning.

preferthateg.WouldyoupreferthatIshouldgowithyou

9.

BritishEnglish

AmericanEnglish

queueup;

standinline.

autumn

fall

attheweekend

ontheweekend

intheteam

ontheteam

inthestreet

onthestreet

onholiday

onvacation

Writetomesoon!

Writemesoon!

Haveyougot…

Haveyou…

groundfloor

onthefirstfloor

10.varietyn.avarietyof=varietiesof许多种

eg.There’reawidevarietyofpeopleontheearth.

variousadj.eg.Therearevariouschoicesinourlife.

varyvi.eg.Opinionsonthismattervaryfrompersontoperson.

11.differvi.eg.Hediffersfromhisbrothersinlooks.

differentadj.eg.Hisopiniononthismatterisquitedifferentfrommine.

differenrcen.eg.CanyoutellmethedifferencebetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.

12.influencevt.影响eg.Theweatherinfluencedthericecrops.

Whatinfluencedyoutodoit?

influencen.影响eg.Theyhadagreatinfluenceonhislife.对…有影响

eg.Heexpressedhisaffectiontoherundertheinfluenceofliquor.在…影响下

13.besimilarto与…相似besimilarin在…相似

eg.Heissimilartohisbrotherinheight.

similarityn.相似eg.Theyhavesimilaritiesinageandbackground.

14.

afterall毕竟，终究aboveall最重要的是atall根本

Inall总计allover浑身上下allout全力以赴

15.havedifficulty/trouble/ahardtimeindoingsth.

eg.Jamehasdifficultyunderstandingme.

16.develop“发展”develop常见词义还有：

开发developanarea冲洗developafilm养成developaninterestin

17.attheflickofaswitch轻轻一弹开关

eg.IthasbeenpossibletolistentoBritishandAmericanEnglishattheflickofaswitch.

18.leadto导致eg.Hisscandalledtohisresignation.

Thisaccidentledhisbeingpunished.

通向eg.AllroadsleadtoRome.

leadsb.todoeg.Whatledyoutobelieveit?

leadsb.toaplaceeg.Thestreetleadsyoutothestation.

19.suggest建议suggestn./doing/that

eg.Thedoctorsuggestedthathe（should）beoperatedonatonce.

suggest作“暗示”解释时不虚拟。

eg.Hesuggestedmegoingthererightnow.

表是建议，命令，要求的词，后接宾语从句中，谓语为“（should）do”

建议advise,suggest,propose,recommend

命令order,command

要求demand,require,request,insist

20.sth.happentosb/stheg.Somethingreallybadhappenedtothefamily.

sb.happentodosth.碰巧eg.Ihappenedtobetherewhenthefirestarted.

Ithappens/happenedthat…碰巧…eg.IthappenedthatImetafriendyesterday.

sth.occurtosb.某人想起..eg.Anexcellentideaoccurredtome.

当“发生”讲的词，无被动语态

happen强调事情发生的偶然性Whatdidtheexposionhappen?

occur即可自然发生，也可指有意安排，用法比较正式

eg.Importanteclectionswilloccurthisfall.

comeabout往往注重事情发生的原因常与how连用

eg.Howdidthequarrelcomeabout?

takeplace指有计划，按照事先安排发生

eg.TheconcertwilltakeplacenextSunday.

21.ontheair正在广播offtheair停止广播

intheair（故事，谈话等）流传开；悬着，未定

eg.Thepresident’sscandalwasintheairovernight.传开

eg.Wemaybegoingcampingontheweekend,butit’sstillupintheair.未定

22．affectvt.影响eg.Smokingaffectshealth.

（疾病）侵袭sbeg.Cancerhadaffectedhislungs.

感动eg.Weweredeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.

effectn.影响eg.haveaneffecton/upon对…有影响

ineffect生效takeeffect起作用

23.belongto属于（无进行时态，无被动语态）

eg.Thesebooksbelongtome.

24.representvt.代表representativen.代表representativeadj.

eg.Isyouropinionrepresentativeofthoseoftheotherstudents?

25.thanksto由于；多亏了becauseofasaresultof

owingtoduetoonaccountof

其中dueto可以做表语，其他不可以eg.Itisduetothebadweahter.

26．beknownfor/as/to

eg.Hisbookisknowntous.

eg.Themanisknownforhishonesty.

eg.Heisknownasateacher.

27.adopt采纳；收养

adoptaname,acustomeg.Heistheiradoptedson.

adapt适应..eg.Sheadapted（herself）quicklytothenewclimate.

改编/修改eg.Thesestylescanbeadaptedtosuitindividualtastes.

Module2

1.worthworthy

beworthdoingbeworthytobedonebeworthyofbeingdone

这本书值得一读eg.Thebookisworthreading.

eg.Thebookisworthytoberead.

eg.Thebookisworthyofbeingread.

beworthsth.eg.Beijingisworthavisit/visiting.

2.satisfyingadj令人满意的eg.Yourexplanationisnotsatisfying.

satisfiedadj感到满意的

besatisfiedwith对…感到满足eg.Theteacherissatisfiedwithhisstudents’rapidprogress.

besatisfiedtodo对做某事感到满意

3.getsthdone使…被做getsbtodo让sb.做sth.

have/make/letsbdosth.eg.Hismotherhadherfinishitatonce.

have/keep/leavesb.doingsth.eg.Youhadmecleaningtheroomallthemorning.

have/getsb/sthdoneeg.Ihadmyhaircut./Thelittleboyhadtheglassbroken.

4.offervt&noffertodosth.主动提供做sth.

offersb.somemoneyforsth.对于某物向某人索要….钱

eg:

Theyoffered/chargedme1,000dollarsforthecomputer

offersbsthprovidesbwithsthsupplysbwithsth

offersthtosbprovidesthforsbsupplysthtosb

5.inbad/goodcondition状况好/不好[U]

onconditionthat在…条件下

onnocondition一点也不

eg:

Theshipisnotincondition.

Youcangooutonconditionthatyouwearanraincoat.

Youmustonnoconditiontellhimwhathappened.

conditions:

circumstances环境Eg:

poorworkingconditions恶劣的工作环境

6.inparticular:

particularly特别地

eg.Itwasagoodconcert,Ienjoyedthelastsonginparticular.

beparticularabout…对…非常挑剔eg.Thelittlegirlisparticularaboutfood.

7.consider（考虑）+neg.Weconsideredyouapplicationcarefully.

proneg.Iconsideredyouforthejob.

doingstheg.WeareconsideringgoingtoCanada.

clauseeg.Iconsideredthatyoushouldgofirst.

疑问词+todostheg.Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere?

consider（认为）+宾语+aseg.Theyconsideredmeasateacher.

宾语+tobe+表语eg.Weconsiderthis（tobe）important.

that-clauseeg.Weconsiderthatyouarenottoblame.

takesthintoconsideration把某事考虑进去

considerableadj.相当大的；相当多的eg.aconsiderablesum,quantity.

considerateadj.考虑周到的eg.ItwasconsiderateofyounottoplaythepianowhileIwasasleep.

8.onaverage平均

averagen.[c]平均数eg.Theaverageof4,5,9is6.

[u]一般水平eg.Thesemarksarewellabove/belowaverage.

adj.平均的eg.Theaveragetemperatureherewas18℃.

一般标准的；普通的eg.childrenofaverageintelligence.

V平均为eg.Thiscaraverages40milestothegallon.

9.comeoff脱落；举行；（计划等）成功

eg.AbuttoncameoffasIwasclimbingoverthewall.

eg.Theweddingcameoffasplanned.

eg.Idon’tthinktheplanwillcomeoff.

comeabout发生comeacross偶然遇见comealong随同；顺利进行

comeon跟随；进行；发展；（用于祈使句）来吧；赶快；走吧

comeout出来；出版comeup上升comeupwith赶上

10.intheory从理论上说，理论上eg.Intheory,everyonewillhavetopaythetax.

inneed需要inpublic公开地insecret私下地，秘密地

ingroups成群地inruins成为废墟indanger处于危险之中

11.inpractice实际上

12.respectvt&neg.Thenewleaderhaspromisedtorespecttheconstitution.

eg.Studentsshouldshowrespectfortheirteachers.

inrespectofsth.关于…eg.Thebookisadmirableinrespectofstyle.

withrespecttosth.涉及或关于…eg.Withrespecttoyourenquiry，Iencloseanexplanatoryleaflet.

关于你的询问，兹附上有关说明。

13.qualifiedadj有资格的，有能力的，称职的，能胜任的

bequalifiedforsth胜任某事

bequalifiedtodosth有资格做某事

14.bendn（道路等的）转弯处

eg.Thereisasharpbendintheroadhere.

v使弯曲，使致力于，使屈服于（接to）

eg.Thenursebentdownandkissedthechild.

eg.Shetriedtobendherhusbandtoherwishes.

15.approachv&n

eg.Thetimeisapproachingwhenwemustbeonboard.

eg.Asyouapproachthetownthefirstbuildingyouseeisthechurch.

eg.Atherapproachthechildrenranoff.

anewapproachtoteachinglanguages一种教授语言的新方法

theapproachtosth.thesolutiontotheproblemthevisit/visitortoBeijing

thekeytothedoortheentrancetothehalltheadvisortothegovernment

theanswertothequestiontheaccesstoeducationtheattitudeto/towardssb.

16.signvt.签字,签署;signup签约受雇；报名参加

eg.Sign（yourname）here,please.

17.take…forgranted认为…理所当然

eg.Hetakeseverythinghismotherdoesforhimforgranted.

take…seriously认真对待…takeafter长得像；追赶takedown写下；拆毁

takeo