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教案
Unit2Civil-rightsheroes
TextATheFreedomGivers
Objectives:
Studentswillbeableto:
●understandthemainidea(earlycivil-rightsstrugglesintheUS,esp.theUndergroundRailway);
●learntouselibraryresourcesandotherresourcesforinformation;
●graspthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;
●conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.
I.Pre-readingtasks:
Discussion
•Youareaslave.
Yourbody,yourtime,yourlifebelongtoafarmer.Youhavetoworksixlongdaysainhisfieldsandmakehimrich.Youhavenevertastedfreedom.Youneverexpectto.
•Yoursoullightsupwhenyouhearwhispersofattemptedescape.Freedommeansahard,dangerousjourney.Doyoutryit?
Freedomandrights
Freedomisoneoftheimportantfeaturesofwesterncivilization.Thisfreedomisrightstodocertainthings.Whenapersondoessomethingthatothersthinkstrange,BritishandAmericanpeoplewilloftensay,“It’safreecountry,”meaningthatalthoughtheydisagreewiththechoicetheystillthinktheotherpersonhastherighttomakehisownchoice.
InBritainandtheUSthemostbasicrightsinclude:
freedomofexpression(=freedomtosayorwriteanything),
freedomofchoice(=freedomtomakedecisionsaboutyourownlife)
andfreedomofworship(=freedomtopracticeanyreligion).
•Thejourneytofreedommeanttravelingonlyafewmilesatnight,usingtheNorthStarasamapandtryingtoavoidsearchparties.
Discussion:
Warm-upActivities
1. CanyouguesswhoAbraham,Martin,JohnandBobbyare?
2. Whatdidthesepeoplestandforandtheirspecialcontributions?
3.Doyouknowwhytheyalldiedyoungandwhokilledthem?
4.Canyouguesswhatthetextsinthisunitaregoingtobeabout?
SomeFamouscivil-rightheroesintheAmericanhistory
•AbrahamLincoln,MartinLutherKing,PresidentJohnF.KennedyandBobbyKennedy,JohnKennedy’sbrother.
•BorninAtlanta,GeorgiaonJanuary15,1929.OnAugust28,1963
•IHaveaDreamspeech
•non-violentresistancetoracialinjustice
•OnApril4,1968
•Dr.King'slifewasshotdeadinMemphis,Tennessee.
•BornonFebruary12,1809
•HebuilttheRepublicanParty.
•OnJanuary1,1863,heissuedtheEmancipationProclamation
(《解放黑人奴隶宣言》)
thatdeclaredforeverfree
thoseslaveswithintheConfederacy.
•OnGoodFriday,April14,1865,LincolnwasshotdeadinWashington.
forhistoricalreasons,manyblackslavesbelievedinChristianity,likeUncleTominUncleTom’sCabin.
Asweknow,whenwelearnaforeignlanguage,wemustalsolearnthecultureofthespeakersofthelanguage.TextAinthisunitisagoodcaseinpointReadersneedsomebasicknowledgeofChristianity.
BibleandChristianity----Wordswithreligiousconnotations:
theCreatorMosesMissionBethlehemQuakerBible
MethodistSalvationQuaker
ItreferstoanymemberoftheSocietyofFriends,areligiousgroupestablishedinEnglandinthe1950sbyGeorgeFox.TheywereoriginallycalledQuakersbecausememberswerethoughtto“quake”orshakewithreligiousexcitement.QuakersworshipChristwithoutanyformalceremonyorfixedbeliefs,andtheirmeetingsofteninvolvesilentthoughtorprayer.Theyarestronglyopposedtoviolenceandwar,andareactiveineducationandcharitywork.
Methodist
ThistermreferstoamemberoftheMethodistChurch,thelargestoftheProtestantFreeChurchesinBritainandtheUS.Itwasestablishedin1739byJohnWesleyaspartoftheChurchofEnglandbutitbecameseparatefromitin1795.ItwasintroducedintotheUSinthe18thcenturyandtodayhasover50millionmembersaroundtheworld.Itemphasizedtheimportanceofmoralissues,bothpersonalandsocial.
UncleTom’sCabin
Itisanovel(1852)bytheUSwriterHarrietBeecherStowewhichincreasedsupportforthemovementtofreeslaves.ItisaboutakindslavecalledTomwhoisbadlytreatedandfinallykilledbySimonLegree.Tom’sdaughterLittleEvaalsodies,andanotherwell-knowncharacterinthenovelistheslavechildTopsy.
ThenameUncleTomissometimesusedasaninsulttodescribeanAfrican-Americanwhohastoomuchrespectforwhitepeople.
Textanalysis
•ReadingGuidance:
1.Mainideaofthetextanditsparts:
PartOne(Paras1-5):
Introduction:
Thetextbeginswithananecdote,somethingmainlyaboutJosiahHensonwhoismentionedinParas1-3.AndthethemeofthetextistohonortheheroeswhohelpedliberateslavesbyforgingtheUndergroundRailroadinthefirstgreatcivil-rightsstruggleintheUS.WhichismentionedinParas4-5.LastsentenceinPara5---“Iwasintentontellingtheirstores”decidesthedevelopingwaysofthisarticle.Thearticlemustbefollowedbyseveralstories.Thesentenceconnectsthispartwiththefollowingparts.ThelastthreepartsareallstoriessupportingPartOne,whichwenowknowisanintroductionbecauseitdefinesthecontentofthetextandhowtosay.
GR_PartDivisionoftheText
ComprehensionQuestions
1.WhydidBarbaraCarterspeakproudlyofhergreat-great-grandfather?
2. WhydidtheauthortraveltoHenson’slasthome?
3.WhatwastheUndergroundRailroad?
Whoforgedit?
4.WhydidtheauthorwanttotellthereadersthestoriesoftheheroesoftheUndergroundRailroad?
5.HowdidJohnParkerwinhisfreedom?
Keys
1.Forhergreat-great-grandfather,JosiahHensonhaslivedonthroughthecharacterinAmericanfictionthathehelpedinspire:
UncleTom’sCabin.(L9-10)
2.Toknowmoreabouttheman.(L15-17)
3.(SeetotheculturenoteJosiahHensonandothercourageousmenandwomentogetherforgedtheUndergroundRailroad.(L20-21)
4.BecausetheheroesoftheUndergroundRailroadremaintoolittlerememberedandtheirexploitsarestillkeptunknown.(L29-31)
5.Hesavedenoughmoneytobuyhisfreedom.(L40-41)
6.WhydidsomepeopletrytocaptureJohnParker?
7.WhydidLeviCoffin,awhiteman,helpblackslavestofreedom?
8. WhatrisksdidCoffinrunwhilehelpingslaves?
9.WhatdifficultiesdidtheslaveshaveintravelingtheUndergroundRailroadtofreedom?
10. WhydidmanyslavesgotoCanada?
11.WhydidHensondecidetoescape?
6.Becausehewasaguidewhohelpedpeoplenottobecapturedbyslavehunters.(L42-44)
7.BecausehebelievedinChristianitythattheyshouldhelpthosewhowerehungryandhadnoclothestowear,nomatterwhatcolortheywere.(L59-61)
8.Hewastheriskofgettinghisstoreandhomeburnedandeventhrowntoprison.
9.Theyhadtomarchajourneyofhundredsofmiles,duringwhichtherewerenosignsandfewmaps.(L77-79)
10.Becauseslaveryhadbeenabolishedthereearlyin1833.(L87-88)
11.Becausehefacedthesituationofbeingseparatedfromhisfamily.
Analyzethedifficultsentences
•1.Alongsidemewasaslenderwomaninablackdress,myguide(whoshowedme)backtoatimewhenthesurroundingsettlementinDresolen,Ontario,washometoaheroinAmericanhistory(lines2-4).
译文:
我身边是一位苗条的黑衣女子,把我带回到过去的向导。
那时安大略省得雷斯这一带住着美国历史上的一位英雄。
1).Alongsideme:
表语提前,倒装
2).myguide是aslenderwoman的同位语
3).Home:
(活动的)中心地,根据地,大本营
2.Ironically,thatcharacterhascometosymbolizeeverythingHensionwasnot(lines11-12).
译文:
具有讽刺意味的是,这一人物所象征的一切在亨森身上连一点儿影子都找不到.
cometodosth.canbeusedtomean“dosth.attheendofafairlylongprocess.”译作汉语时,可酌情用“方,终于,终有一天,逐渐”等词,或意译.(见习题)
•3.Bornaslavetwodecadesbefore,inthe1820s,Parkerwalk…toAlabama,wherehewassoldontheslavemarket.(lines37-39)
1).划线部分为Parker的定语,为句子平衡起见提前了。
2).where引起的非限制性定语从句起地点状语从句的作用。
•4.…deadoralive.(line45)
形容词短语作让步状语,相当于nomatterhewasdeadoralive.
•又如:
Theycamehome,happyandgay.
形容词短语表示伴随行为。
•5.Makingthebestofhislot,…rosefarinhisowner’sregard.(lines92-93)
1).makethebestofone’slot:
非常认命,充分把握运气
2).riseinsb.sregard/opinion:
受某人器重
Featuresofwriting
WelearnaboutthenameofJosiahHensonatthebeginningofthetext,yethisfullstoryisnottolduntilthelastpart.Inthiswaytheauthorachievescoherenceoftext.Directspeechismoreconvincingthanindirectspeech,especiallywhenitcomestoexpressingpersonalbeliefs.Forexample,thetextquotesLeviCoffinsaying“TheBible,inbiddingustofeedthehungryandclothethenaked,saidnothingaboutcolor”.
Onotheroccasions,directspeechmakesastorymorevivid.Forexample,intheJohnParkerstorycharactersspokeshortsentencestostresstheurgencyofthesituation.Foranotherexample,JosiahHensonthrewhimselftothegroundandshoutedtoastonishedonlookers:
“Oh,no!
Don’tyouknow?
I’mfree!
”Hisjoyaffectsusall.
QuizOne---Multiple-choice
1.Asshematuredasanartist,she____realizethat“allartistsareaproductoftheirculture.”
A.cametoB.keptto
C.tooktoD.wentto
A
2.He____hisvoicesowellthatIhavetolooktwicetobesureitishim.
A.adjustsB.masks
C.disguisesD.discloses
C
3.Becauseofthemadcowdisease,theEuropeanUnion_____aworldwidebanonBritishbeefandbeefproductexports.
A.challengedBcharged
C.forgedD.imposed
D
4.AssomeoftherulesconcerningforeigntraderancontrarytotheprinciplesoftheWTO,thegovernmentdecidedto____themassoonaspossible.
A.abolishB.accomplish
C.distinguishD.establish
A
5.Thereasonwhy800millionpeoplegohungrytodayisnotthatthereisn’tenoughfoodintheworld,_____thatthesepeoplecannotgetthefoodanyway.
A.butB.despite
C.evenD.excerpt
A
6.Imissedthelastbus.Icoulddonothingbut______inthevillageforthenight.
A.stayingB.stay
C.tostayD.stayed
B
7.Whentheybrokeopenthedoor,theyfou