备考资料届高考英语必修5练习Unit 1Great scientistsdocx.docx

备考资料届高考英语必修5练习Unit 1Great scientistsdocx.docx

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备考资料届高考英语必修5练习Unit1Greatscientistsdocx

必修5　Unit1Greatscientists

Ⅰ.阅读理解

MarieTharpwasborninYpsilanti,MichiganonJuly30,1920,intoamappingfamily.HerfatherWilliamEdgarTharp,wasasoilsurveyorfortheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture,andtheTharpswenttowhereverhisworktookhim.MsTharponcesaidthatbythetimeshegraduatedfromhighschool,shehadattendedtwodozenpublicschoolsacrossthecountry.

Shereceivedabachelor􀆳sdegreeinEnglishandmusicfromOhioUniversityin1943,followedthenextyearbyamaster􀆳sdegreeingeologyfromtheUniversityofMichigan.WhileworkingasageologistforanoilcompanyinOklahoma,MsTharpearnedadegreeinmathematicsfromtheUniversityofTulsain1948.Thatyear,shejoinedColumbiaUniversity􀆳sgeologydepartmentasaresearchassistanttothewell-knownscientistMauriceEwing.Bruce

C.Heezen,whowentontobecomealeadinggeologistandoceanographer,wasagraduatestudentthere,andheandMsTharpwouldsharetheirprofessionalandpersonallivesforthenextthreedecades.

Beforethemid-20thcentury,littlewasknownabouttheoceanbottom.In1949,MrEwingandhisteamstartedaquesttomaptheseafloorusingsonarsoundings（声呐探测）.Becausearesearchshipwasconsiderednofitplaceforawoman,MsTharp,workingwithpenandruler,plottedthedatabackinPalisades.WithMrHeezen,MsTharpcompiledthefirstcomprehensivemapoftheentireoceanbottom,sheddinglightonahiddenworldofhugecracksandvalleys,andvolcanicrangesstretchingforthousandsofmiles.Itwaspublishedin1977.

InhisbookTheMapmakers,JohnNobleWilford,asciencereporter,describedtheirachievementthisway:

“Likeotherpioneeringmaps,theonebyHeezenandTharpisnotcompleteandnotalwayscompletelyaccurate.Itis,however,oneofthemostremarkableachievementsinmoderncartography（制图学）.Itisthesummaryofmorethanacenturyofoceanographiceffort.”

MsTharp􀆳sworkinplottingtheocean􀆳sbottomwouldalsohelpgainacceptanceforthetheoryofcontinentaldrift（大陆漂移）,whichwasstillanunpopulartheorywhensheandMrHeezenbegantheircooperationinthelate1940s.

1.WhatdowelearnabouttheTharpfamily?

A.Theylovedtravelling.

B.Theymovedtoooften.

C.Theywerequitewealthy.

D.Theyfarmedforaliving.

2.WhendidTharpstarttoworkwithHeezen?

A.In1943.B.In1944.

C.In1948.D.In1949.

3.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthemapinParagraph3?

A.Itwascompletedonaresearchship.

B.Itwentagainstthetheoryofcontinentaldrift.

C.Itwasaimedatprotectingnaturalhabitatsontheseafloor.

D.ItwasbasedonEwingandhisteam􀆳sstudies.

4.HowdidWilfordlookatthemap?

A.Headmiredit.

B.Hetoleratedit.

C.Hewascautiousaboutit.

D.Hewasdoubtfulaboutit.

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Technologicalinnovation（创新）maynotgiveyouawarmfeeling.　1　Messagingappsareexamplesoftechnologythatarehelpingbringpeopletogether.It􀆳sreadytocontinueimprovingourlivesasinnovationallowstechnologytoreallyunderstandhowwelive. 

　2　 

Someofthemostpopularandwidelyadoptedinnovationsmakethingswe􀆳realreadydoingeasier.Awell-designedpieceoftechnologycantransformsomethingthatconsumestimeintoaworry-freeswipeofyourfinger,givingyoumoretimetospendwithfriendsandfamily.

Provingthatyoureallyareyou

Developerskeepfindingnewandbrilliantwaystoproveouridentitiesonline.Withfingerprintsandvoicerecognition,technologykeepsgettingbetteratprovingwearewhowesayweare.　3　.Themoretrustwehave,theeasieritwillbetofullyembracetheempoweringaspectsoffintech（金融科技）andhavingcontrolofourfinancialdata. 

Helpingmakegoodideasareality

Crowdfunding（众筹）technologykeepsbreakingdownbarriersthatmayhavepreviouslykeptgoodideasfrombeingrealized.Here􀆳showitworks:

youpitch（拋）yourprojecttopeoplethroughanonlineplatform.　4　.Byconnectingdreamersandinventorstoanewtypeofcapital,technologyisgivingmorecreativeideastheiropportunitytobecomeareality. 

Addingevenmorequalitytoqualitytime

Astechnologycontinuesimproving,itbecomeseasiertobuildandmaintainaconnectionwithsomeonewhoisn􀆳tinthesamelocationasyou.　5　.Andthinkabouthowgreatitwillbewhenyoucaninteractwithyourfriendsandrelativesinvirtualreality.Itwillbethenextbestthingtobeingtogetherinperson. 

A.Sparingsometimetomakeresearches

B.Freeingupmoretimeforfriendsandfamily

C.However,whenatitsbest,itopensoureyestomanythings

D.Actually,itcandowonderstodeepenourinterpersonalconnections

E.Thattechnologycanmakeiteasiertotrusttheconnectionswemakeonline

F.Iftheyareinterestedinyourproject,theydonatemoneytofundyourproject

G.Thinkabouthowmucheasieritistoconnectviavideoconferencingthanbefore

Ⅲ.完形填空

AboutsixyearsagoIwasgoingthroughatoughtime,tryingtoworktwojobstoaffordmyrent.OnacoldSundaymorning,IwenttoGameStop—avideogameretailer（零售商）,to　1　thegameI􀆳dreserved.AwomaninacarparkedoutsidecalledmewhenI　2　thestore.Thoughitwasinbroaddaylight,Iwas　3　andkeptsomedistancewhenIwalkedover.Shesaidshecouldn􀆳twalkand　4　metopurchaseaKinect,apopulargame,forherasher　5　Christmasgift.Duetoherlegdiseaseitwas　6　forhertomovearound.Shecalledaheadbuttheemployeewasn􀆳twillingto　7　.Shegavemeabout$100incashandhercreditcard. 

IwalkedbackinandboughttheKinect.Thenitoccurredtomethatthiswoman,acompletestranger,　8　me.Whatwasitthatstoppedmefromlyingaboutthepaymentmethodandjust　9　hercash?

Shecouldn􀆳tknowIwasn􀆳ta　10　;andhowcouldshepossiblyhavesomuch　11　someone?

Ihandedherthecashback,　12　Ihadtopaywithhercard—itwasabove$100atthetime,andhandedoverthe　13　andhercreditcard.“Thisiswhatmyson􀆳sbeenlongingfor.Thankyou!

Bytheway,justfrom　14　atyou,Iknowyouaretheonewho􀆳llbeafriendtosomeone　15　.Youhaveafaceofanangel!

”shesaid.Shegaveme$10and　16　totakeitback.Thenshe　17　,saying“MerryChristmas!

” 

Shehadnoideahowmuchofa　18　even$10made.Iwasabletobuyafewcheapgroceriesfortheweekanditreallymadea　19　timeinmylifealittlebetter.ShemaythinkIhelpedher;　20　,Itrulyfeelliketheonewhowasbeinggiftedsomethingamazing. 

1.A.donateB.cancel

C.winD.return

2.A.keptB.approached

C.decoratedD.exited

3.A.shyB.crazy

C.disappointedD.positive

4.A.forbadeB.encouraged

C.requestedD.allowed

5.A.ownB.employer􀆳s

C.husband􀆳sD.son􀆳s

6.A.painfulB.convenient

C.funnyD.secure

7.A.orderB.share

C.helpD.pay

8.A.fooledB.trusted

C.inspiredD.annoyed

9.A.throwingB.tearing

C.pocketingD.losing

10.A.videomakerB.porter

C.gamesellerD.cheat

11.A.patiencewithB.faithin

C.respectforD.mercyon

12.A.arguingB.lying

C.promisingD.explaining

13.A.gameB.cheque

C.ticketD.change

14.A.laughingB.glancing

C.yellingD.pointing

15.A.inneedB.inpublic

C.inreturnD.indanger

16.A.offeredB.managed

C.refusedD.decided

17.A.cameoverB.droveaway

C.felldownD.pulledup

18.A.differenceB.living

C.bargainD.profit

19.A.happyB.carefree

C.confusingD.hard

20.A.finallyB.therefore

C.howeverD.otherwise

课时作业（二十一）

Ⅰ.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了美国著名女科学家MarieTharp的故事。

1.B　推理判断题。

根据第一段最后两句“HerfatherWilliamEdgarTharp,wasasoilsurveyorfortheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture,andtheTharpswenttowhereverhisworktookhim.MsTharponcesaidthatbythetimeshegraduatedfromhighschool,shehadattendedtwodozenpublicschoolsacrossthecountry.”可推知,由于父亲工作的关系,Tharp一家经常搬家,故选B。

2.C　细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句“WhileworkingasageologistforanoilcompanyinOklahoma,MsTharpearnedadegreeinmathematicsfromtheUniversityofTulsain1948.”和对本段内容的整体理解可知,Tharp和Heezen是从1948年开始一起共事的,故选C。

3.D　推理判断题。

根据第三段第二句“In1949,MrEwingandhisteamstartedaquesttomaptheseafloorusingsonarsoundings（声呐探测）.”和对本段的整体理解可推知,Tharp所绘制的海底地图是基于Ewing和他的团队的研究而形成的,故选D。

4.A　推理判断题。

根据第四段Wilford的描述“‘Itis,however,oneofthemostremarkableachievementsinmoderncartography（制图学）.’”可推知,Wilford对这样的地图给予了高度评价,故选A。

Ⅱ.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

技术创新可能不会给你一种温暖的感觉。

事实上,它能创造奇迹。

创新让科技真正了解我们的生活方式。

创新让我们腾出更多的时间给朋友和家人,证明自己的身份,把好主意变成现实。

创新让我们的生活更加方便。

1.D　根据下文“Messagingappsareexamplesoftechnologythatarehelpingbringpeopletogether.It􀆳sreadytocontinueimprovingourlivesasinnovationallowstechnologytoreallyunderstandhowwelive.”可知,科技可以创造奇迹,加深我们的人际关系,故选D。

2.B　根据对本段的整体理解可知,本段主要讲述创新使我们做的事情变得更容易,让我们有更多的时间和朋友、家人在一起,这与B项内容吻合,故选B。

3.E　承接上句“Withfingerprintsandvoicerecognition,technologykeepsgettingbetteratprovingwearewhowesayweare.”可知,随着指纹和语音识别技术的不断完善,科技让我们更善于证明自己的身份,由此可推知,这种技术可以使我们更容易信任我们在网上建立的联系,故选E项。

4.F　根据下文“Byconnectingdreamersandinventorstoanewtypeofcapital,technologyisgivingmorecreativeideastheiropportunitytobecomeareality.”可知,如果人们感兴趣就可以给这些项目投资,从而使这些创造性的想法变为现实,故选F。

5.G　根据下文“Andthinkabouthowgreatitwillbewhenyoucaninteractwithyourfriendsandrelativesinvirtualreality.”以及句子的结构可知选项G符合语境,故选G。

Ⅲ.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者在穷困潦倒时帮助他人,事实上也帮助了自己的故事。

1.B　根据上文“AboutsixyearsagoIwasgoingthroughatoughtime,tryingtoworktwojobstoaffordmyrent.”可知,作者处境艰难,因此去零售商那里取消自己的订单,故选B。

donate捐献;cancel取消;win赢得;return返回,归还。

2.D　根据下文“IwalkedbackinandboughttheKinect.”可推知,当时作者要离开商店,故选D。

keep保持,保留;approach靠近;decorate装饰;exit退出,离开。

3.A　根据语境“Thoughitwasinbroaddaylight,Iwas…andkeptsomedistancewhenIwalkedover.”可推知,尽管是大白天,作者走过去时,还是有点害羞,并保持一定距离,故选A。

shy害羞的;crazy疯的,疯狂的;disappointed失望的;positive积极的,乐观的。

4.C　根据语境“Shesaidsh