《美国文学》练习问答题.docx

《美国文学》练习问答题.docx

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《美国文学》练习问答题

QuestionsForAmericanLiterature

Week1.BenjaminFranklin（1706-1790）

1.IsFranklinamanofreligiousprinciples?

Whydoeshestopattendingpublicservice?

2.Explain13virtuesFranklinchoosesforhismoralimprovement.

3.WhatisFranklin’attitudestowardsmoralperfection?

4.Whataresignificanceofthe

moralisticself-discipline,accordingtoFranklin?

5.WhatvirtuesdoesFranklinthinkhehasneverachieved?

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6.CommentontheCriticismthatsomeauthorsmadeonFranklin,suchasHawthorn,Lawrence.（Historyp.53-54）

Week2:

RalphWaldoEmerson（1803-1882）

1.Whatdoes“whim”meaninthe“Self-reliance”?

andwhydoes

Emersoncallconsistency“foolish”?

2.WhatisanacrosticorAlexandrianstanzacharacterlike,accordingto

theSelf-relaince?

3.Explain“totalkofrelianceisapoorexternalwayofspeaking.Speakratherofthatwhichrelies,because

—2

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itworksandis.”andthecontextthatgivesrisetothisstatementintheSelf-reliance.

4.WhatareEmerson’scommentsonJesusChristin“TheDivinitySchoolAddress”?

PleasecompareitwithThomasPaine’sinTheAgeofReason.

WeekThree：

HenryDavidThoreau（1817--1862）

1.Whatistheanalogybetweenthatstripedsnakelyingonthebottomofthepondandthemanintheearlyspring?

Howisastraygooselikethespiritofthefog?

—3

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2.WhatisThoreau’sunderstandingofthebeautyofanarchitecture?

Andwhatdoeshethinkofthearchitecturalornaments?

Inwhat

caseswilla“carpenter”bea“coffin-maker”?

3.WhydoesThoreausay“Thosethingsforwhichthemostmoneyisdemandedareneverthethingswhichthestudentmostwants”?

WhatisyourcommentonThoreau’sideaofhighereducation?

4.IsThoreauaquietistorahermitinthewoodsofWalden?

Whyorwhynot?

—4

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Weekfour:

NathanielHawthorne（1804-1864）:

1.Whatdidtheboy,atnightfall,hearwhenhewasplayingwiththescatteredfragmentsofmarble?

Andhowdidherespond?

2.Whatdoesauthorcomparethekilnwith?

3.WhatquestionstruckEthanBrand’smindonthatportentousnight18yearsago?

Didhefindtheanswertoitafter18-year-wanderingintheworld?

Whatisit?

—5

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4.WhatkindofpersonisEthanBrandinhisyouthhood?

Whatcauseshistransformation?

Whatistheendofhislife?

5.Howdoestheolddog’spursuitofhistailparallelEthanBrand’ssearchfortheUnpardonableSin?

6.WhatisyourunderstandingofthelittleboyJoe?

Whatvirtuesdoeshestandfor?

WeekFive:

HermanMelville（1819-1891）

1.HowdidAhabrespondwhenMoby-Dickappearbeforehiminthelastdayofthechasing

—6

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Moby-Dick?

Andhowdidhe

respondinthelasttwodaysbefore?

DoyouthinkAhab’sattitudes

towardsMoby-Dickundergoany

changes?

Why?

2.WhataretheFedallah’sprophecy

aboutAhab’sdeath?

Doesitcome

true?

Andhow?

I

3.WhoistheonlysurvivorofthePequod?

Andhow?

4.WhatarethesymbolicmeaningsofMoby-DickandCaptainAhab?

Andalsothesymbolicmeaningofthedeathofthebirdofheavenattheendofthenovel?

5.Howdoyouunderstandtheending

—7

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sentence:

“andthegreatshroudofthesearolledonasitrolledfivethousandyearsago.?

”

Week6WaltWhitman（1819-1892）1.WhatdoesWhitman’s“self”referto?

WhyisWhitman’s“myself”differentfromthenarrowegotism?

2.WhydoesWhitmancallhislife’sworkLeavesofGrass?

Whatdoes“aleafofgrass’’meantoyou?

ToWhitman?

3.WhatistheendingofSongofMyself?

AndhowwillyourespondtoWhitman’sinvitation?

Week7EmilyDickinson（1830-1886）

—8

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1.Dickinsoniswell-knownforher

poeticmeditationson

dying

and

death.What

is

somoving

and

touchinginherdeathmeditations?

Doyou

think

thespeakfearsof

death?

Discuss

your

understandingwiththehelpofher

poems.

2.Whatimagesdoesthepoetess

introduceinthe“Hope”,andhow

dotheywork

asthemetaphorsof

theidea---HOPE?

3.Howdoesthe

triumphinghuman

spiritpermeatethroughDickinson

’s

poetry

of

human

suffering?

Illustrate

your

ideas

with

her

—9

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specificpoems.

Week8EdgarAllanPoe（1809-1849）

1.Howmanytimesistheword

“nevermore”repeated?

Andwhat

inquiriesthat“I”raisedincitesthe

raventorespondtowith

“Nevermore’?

2.Besides“nevermore”,whatis（are）theotherwordorwordsthatyoufindhighlyrepeated?

Why?

3.HowdoPoe’spoemsandstoriescorrespondtotheliteraryprincipalsheraisedinhis“PoeticPrinciples”

and“ThePhilosophyof

Composition”?

DiscusswithPoe’s

—10

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poemsandstoriesasexample.

—11