学年新课堂英语必修四外研版讲义Module+2+Section+Ⅲ+Word版含答案.docx
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学年新课堂英语必修四外研版讲义Module+2+Section+Ⅲ+Word版含答案
SectionⅢ IntegratingSkills&CulturalCorner
Ⅰ.重点单词
1.congestionn.拥塞;堆积
2.registrationn.执照;登记
3.moodn.心情;心境
4.reactvi.反应→reactionn.反应
5.solutionn.解答;答案
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.switch__off 关上(电灯、电视等);断掉(电源)
2.keep__cool保持冷静
3.no__way(俚语)肯定不;没门儿
4.behappywith对……满意
5.carryout执行;履行
6.what’smore另外;而且
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.It’sagoodideatohave__your__destination__writteninChinese.
把你的目的地用汉语写出来是个好主意。
2.Asurveycarried__outattheendof2003suggestsit__does.
2003年年末展开的一项调查表明此措施是有效的。
原文呈现
TheLondonCongestionCharge①
Beijingisn’ttheonlycitywithtrafficproblems.Youcangetstuckin②atrafficjamanywhereintheworld.Theworstproblemsoccur③incitieswhicharegrowingfast,suchasSaoPaoloinBrazilandLagosinNigeria.Butevencitiesindevelopedcountries④suchastheUSsuffer⑤.LosAngeles,whichwasbuiltwiththemotorcarinmind,andisfamousforitssix-lanehighways,isnowtheUSA’smostcongested⑥city.
InEuropemostcapitalcitieswereplannedandbuiltbeforecars,andcitycentretrafficjamshavebeenpartof⑦dailylifeforalongtime.ThesituationincentralLondon,wheredriversspentfiftypercentoftheirtimeinqueues⑧,becamesobadthat⑨thelocalgovernmentdecidedtodosomethingaboutit.InFebruary2003theMayorofLondon,KenLivingstone,introduceda“congestion⑩charge”—ataxforcarsenteringthecentreofthecity.
Theideaissimple:
everycarcomingintothecentrehastopay£5aday.Driverscanpaythechargeatanyof10,000paypoints⑪inthecapitalbefore10pm.Asthecarscomeintothecentre,videocamerasrecordtheirregistration⑫numbers,andthesearecheckedwithalistofdriverswhohavepaidthechargeforthatday.Peoplewhodonotpaythechargewillface⑬afine⑭of£80.
MostLondonersarenothappywiththeidea.Theyagree⑮thatLondonhasatrafficproblem,butthecongestionchargeisexpensive,andlimitstheirfreedom...
Butdoesthecongestionchargework⑯?
Asurveycarriedout⑰attheendof2003suggests⑱itdoes.Afteronlysixmonths,trafficcomingintocentralLondonwasreducedby⑲about30percent,andjourneytimesby15percent.Morepeopleusedpublictransportto⑳gettowork,andbicyclesweresuddenlyverypopular.What’smore
,centralLondonshopsdidnotlosebusinesseventhoughtherewerefewercars.
Butthereareafewpeoplewhothinkthechargeshouldbemuchhigher,forexamplerichbusinessmenwhoworkinthecitycentreandcaneasilyafford
it.ThiswouldkeepevenmorecarsoutofcentralLondon,andtheroadswouldbenearlyempty.However,therearenoplanstoincrease
thecharge.
阅读清障
①chargen.费用;freeofcharge免费
②getstuckin陷入……,被困在……
③occurvi.出现,发生(不用于被动语态和进行时态)
④developedcountries发达国家
developingcountries发展中国家
⑤suffervi.遭受;sufferfrom受……之苦
⑥congestedadj.拥挤的,堵塞的
※此处which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是LosAngeles。
withthemotorcarinmind是with+宾语+介词短语的复合结构,with...inmind意为“……在脑海中,考虑……”。
⑦partof……的一部分 inqueues排队
⑨so...that...如此……以至于……
such...that...如此……以至于……
⑩congestionn.拥塞;堆积
※本句的主干为ThesituationincentralLondonbecamesobad,where引导非限制性定语从句,so/such...that...(如此……以至于……)结构,其中that引导结果状语从句。
⑪paypoints在此指“收费点”
⑫registrationn.执照;登记
⑬facevt.面对;面临;befacedwith面对……
⑭finen.罚款
※现在分词在此作后置定语,修饰car。
※as在此引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时”。
※who引导定语从句,修饰先行词People,who在从句中作主语,故从句谓语动词用了复数形式。
⑮agreevt.&vi.同意;赞同
⑯workv.发挥作用,有效果
⑰carryout实施,进行
⑱suggest在此意为“暗示,表明”,此外,suggest还可表示“建议”。
⑲bereducedby被降低/减少了……
bereducedto被降低/减少到……
⑳use...todosth使用……做某事
beusedtodosth被用来做某事
beusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事
usedtodosth过去常常做某事
what’smore此外,而且;近义短语为inaddition。
※过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的survey;suggest在此意为“暗示,表明”,其后为省略了引导词that的宾语从句(that在从句中不作成分),从句用了陈述语气。
※what’smore此外,而且,常用作插入语。
affordv.负担得起,买得起
affordtodosth负担得起做某事
increasev.增加,提高
increaseby增加/提高了……
increaseto增加/提高到……
※句中有两个who引导的两个定语从句,其先行词分别是people和businessmen。
Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.
1.WhydidtheMayorofLondonintroducethe“congestioncharge”?
A.Toincreasetheincomeofthegovernment.
B.Tosolvetheproblemoftrafficjam.
C.TomakeLondonthebestcity.
D.Toservetherich.
2.Ifpeopledonotpaythecharge,theywill________.
A.beunhappy
B.befinedfor£5aday
C.havenofreedom
D.befinedfor£80
3.What’sa“congestioncharge”?
A.Ataxwhichisnotexpensive.
B.Ataxfortaxiesonly.
C.Ataxforcarsenteringthecenterofthecity.
D.Afineforthosewhodon’tobeythetrafficrules.
4.Wecaninferfromthetextthat________.
A.citiesindevelopedcountriessufferlesstrafficproblems
B.Londonwasplannedandbuiltbeforecars
C.driverscanpaythechargeatanytime
D.thecongestionchargewillbereducedsoon
答案 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B
1.reactvi.反应
Don’treactwhenothersdrivebadly.(教材P17)
当别人开车开得不好时不要回应。
reactto 对……作出反应
reactionn.反应;起作用(常与介词to连用)
①Ishoutedather,butshedidn’treactatall.
我向她大声喊,但她毫无反应。
②Howdidhereacttothebadnews?
他对那个坏消息如何反应?
③Doyouknowwhathisreaction(react)willbewhenhehearsthenews?
你知道他听到这个消息时的反应吗?
2.solutionn.方法,办法
There’sasimplesolutiontotheseproblems.(教材P18)
对这些问题有一种简单的解决办法。
thesolutionto... ……的解决办法/答案
solvevt.解决;解答
①Thesolutionoftheproblemrequiresalotoftime.
解决这个问题需要很多时间。
②Ittookmeanhourtofindthesolutiontotheproblem.
解决这个问题我花了一个小时。
③Withthehelpofhisfriends,hefinallysolved(solution)theproblem.
在朋友们的帮助下,他终于解决了问题。
[温馨提示]名词与介词to构成的短语
theanswer/replyto ……的答案
theentranceto...……的入口
thedoorto...……的门
theattitudeto...对……的态度
thedamageto对……的破坏
theapproachto……的途径/方法
thekeyto...……的钥匙/答案
theaccessto...……的通道/机会
3.moodn.心境;情绪
Motoristscouldtakeabusintothecitycentreandarriveatworkortheshopsrelaxedandinagoodmood.(教材P18)驾车者可以轻松地乘公交车进入市中心,心情愉快地工作或购物。
(1)inagood/badmood 心情好/坏
be/feelinthemoodforsth/todosth有做某事的心情
innomoodtodosth没心情做某事
(2)moodyadj.喜怒无常的;忧郁的
①Hismoodsuddenlychangedandhebecamecalm.
他的情绪突然一变,冷静下来。
②Hewasin__a__good__moodwhenhegothomefromwork.
他下班回到家时心情不错。
③I’mnotinthemoodto__argue(argue)withyou.
我没心思跟你争论。
④Itisdifficulttopredicthisreactionbecauseheissomoody(mood).
他如此喜怒无常,所以很难预知其反应如何。
1.switchoff关上(电灯、电视等);断掉(电源等)
Switchoffthemotor.(教材P17)
关闭发动机。
switchoff=turnoff 关掉
switchon=turnon打开
①Whennotinaroom,you’dbetterswitchoffallthelightsandthefan.
当你不在室内时,最好关掉所有的灯和那台电扇。
②Switchontherecorder,please.Iwanttolistentosomesongs.
请打开录音机,我想听几首歌。
[温馨提示]各种“开”“关”的译法
open/close/shutthedoor(window)开/关门(窗)
switchon/offtheradio/TV/light开/关收音机/电视/电灯
turnon/offtheradio/water/gas开/关收音机/水/煤气
2.keepcool保持冷静
keepquiet 保持安静
keepsilent保持沉默
keepstill保持不动
keepcalm保持镇静
keepfit/healthy保持健康
①Whateverhappens,thefirstimportantthingistokeepcool.
不管发生什么事,最重要的是保持冷静。
②Keep__still.I’lltakeapictureofyou.
不要动,我给你照张相。
③Youshouldkeep__calmeveninfaceofdanger.
即使面临危险,你也应当保持镇静。
④Idon’tknowifIshouldspeaktohimorkeep__silent.
我不知道我是应该同他说话还是保持沉默。
Leavethemotoron.(教材P17)让发动机开着。
本句中使用了“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,表示“使/让……处于某种状态”。
宾语补足语是副词。
“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构
leave+宾语+名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式
①Don’tleavethelightonwhenyougoout.
出去时,别让灯开着。
②Hisparentsdied,leaving__him__an__orphan.
父母去世了,他成了孤儿。
③JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealisedIhadleft__my__bank__card__in__the__café.
当我刚刚走到学校大门口时,我就意识到把银行卡忘在咖啡馆了。
④Theteacherlefttheclassroomangrily,leavingtheboystanding(stand)inthefrontoftheclassroom.
让那个男孩站在教室前面,老师生气地离开了教室。
⑤Theycoveredhimwithablanket,onlyleavinghiseyesexposed(expose).
他们用毯子给他盖上,只留眼睛露在外面。
⑥Neverleavetheworkfortodayto__be__finished(finish)tomorrow.
永远不要把今天该做的事情留到明天去完成。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Pleasewriteyournameandhomeaddressonthisregistrationform.
2.Thereisalwaystoomuchcongestionontheroadinbigcities.
3.Thepatientreactedbadlytothismedicineanddiedatlast.
4.Theeconomistsaretryingtocomeupwithasolution(解决方案)totheglobalfinancialcrisis.
5.She’stootiredandinnomood(情绪)todance.
6.Thetelephonewireswereblown(吹)downbythestrongwind.
Ⅱ.选词填空
switchoff,noway,keepcool,carryout,innomoodto
1.Asurveyisbeingcarried__outbytheyoungman.
2.Shecankeep__coolevenunderheavypressureofanger.
3.Besuretoswitch__offthelightwhenyouleavetheoffice.
4.—Doyouwanttohelp?
—No__way!
5.Withtwoexamstoworryabout,I’min__no__mood__togotothecinema.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Imusthave__my__homework__finishedfirstbeforegoingouttoplay.
我在出去玩之前,必须先把作业做完。
2.ThedoctorsuggestedthatI(should)come__againnextday.
医生建议我第二天再来。
3.Hisexpressionsuggeststhathedidn’t__sleep__welllastnight.
他的表情说明他昨晚没睡好。
4.Use__your__head__andyouwillfindouta__solution__totheseproblems.
只要动脑筋,你就能想到这些问题的解决办法。
5.Heneverreadsanythingthatis__not__worth__reading.
他从来不读任何不值得读的书。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.RemembertoswitchofftheTVbeforeyouleavehome.
2.Thesoldier’scouragewaspartlyduetohisabilitytokeepcool(coolly)inthefaceofdanger.
3.Heislazyanddoesn’tworkhard,sothereisnowaythathecanpasstheexam.
4.Sheneededaclearheadtocarryoutherinstructions.
5.Hesuggestedgoing(go)byplane,butIthoughtitwouldcosttoomuch.
6.Thereisnoeasysolution(solve)totheproblem,soyou’dbetterconsideritcarefully.
7.Pleasehaveyournameswritten(write)onthispieceofpaper.
8.—Howdidhereacttotheresultoftheexam?
—Heisveryangry.
9.Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,whichisquiteunexpected.
10.Studentregistration(register)startsonthefirstweekinSeptember.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Thebossisnotonagoodmoodnow;you’dbetternotaskfortrouble.on→in
2.Successfulleadersalwaysreactquicklyforpoliticalevents.for→to
3.Itisveryimportanttokeepcalmlyinanemer