届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx

上传人:b****6 文档编号:5029505 上传时间:2022-12-12 格式:DOCX 页数:13 大小:50.15KB
下载 相关 举报
届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共13页
届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共13页
届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共13页
届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共13页
届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx_第5页
第5页 / 共13页
点击查看更多>>
下载资源
资源描述

届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx

《届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx(13页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。

届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词.docx

届高三英语二轮新高考复习专项导练非谓语动词

2021届高三英语二轮(新高考)复习专项导练:

非谓语动词

非谓语动词是动词用法中最为复杂的部分之一,它不仅有时态的变化、语态的不同,同时还要注意它所表达的逻辑关系,这些都是非谓语动词用法的难点。

近年来,新高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出,所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有:

现在分词和过去分词基础知识;现在分词和过去分词句法功能;现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析;现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成;现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。

另外,对于动词不定式主要考查一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能;对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。

一、非谓语动词作状语

1.不定式作状语

①表示原因(多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后),如:

Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.

②表示目的(可用soasto/inorderto替换,但soasto一般不可置于句首),如:

TogetthereontimeIgotupveryearly.

③表示结果(常表出乎意料的结果,常为onlytodo),如:

Herushedtoschoolonlytofindtherewasnobodythere.

2.现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别

(1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。

如:

Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.

(2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。

如:

Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.

(3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构,作状语时不表示被动关系,其前不用being。

这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:

seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、stationed(驻扎)、lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)、bornin(出身于)、dressedin(穿着)、tiredof(厌烦了)等。

如:

Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.

他陷入深深的思考中,没有听到声音。

二、非谓语动词作主语、表语、宾语

1.非谓语动词作主语

Laughinghelpsyourbodystayhealthyandcanevenhelpyoufightpain.(动名词作主语)

Toseeistobelieve.(不定式作主语)

Itisimportanttorespectpeople.(不定式短语作主语,It作形式主语)

Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(动名词短语作主语,It作形式主语)

2.非谓语动词作表语

(1)动名词作表语时,说明主语的性质,回答what引导的问句。

(2)不定式作表语时,说明主语尚未发生的动作或表示将来的动作。

3.非谓语动词作宾语:

主要是不定式和动名词

①afford,agree,choose,determine,expect,decide,learn,offer,manage,hope,want,wish,promise,refuse,fail,pretend,happen等动词后跟不定式作宾语。

②appreciate,avoid,bear,consider,dislike,delay,enjoy,escape,finish,hate,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,postpone,resist,risk,stand,suggest等动词后跟动名词作宾语。

③以下动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语意义不同。

动词

+v-ing作宾语

+todo作宾语

remember

记得曾做过某事

记得要做某事

forget

忘记曾做过某事

忘记要做某事

try

尝试做某事

努力做某事

regret

对做过的事表示后悔

对要做的事表示遗憾

mean

意味着做某事

企图/打算做某事

can’thelp

禁不住做某事

不能帮助做某事

goon

继续做未完成的事

做完一件事后,接着做另一件事

stop

中断正在做的事

中断正在做的事,去做别的事

三、非谓语动词作定语

1.不定式作定语表未来的动作且后置,它与所修饰的名词或不定式代词存在主谓、动宾或同位关系。

Youarethethirdonetoentertheroom.(主谓关系)

Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.(动宾关系)

Hehasnoopportunitytogoabroad.(同位关系)

2.动名词作定语多前置,表示所修饰的事物的性能和用途。

areadingroom=aroomforreading

3.现在分词作定语表主动和进行,可转换为定语从句。

Thequestionbeingdiscussed(=whichisbeingdiscussed)nowisimportant.

4.过去分词作定语表被动和完成,也可转换为定语从句。

Thequestiondiscussed(=whichwasdiscussed)yesterdayisimportant.

四、非谓语动词的否定式、进行式、完成式和被动式

1.非谓语动词的否定式均是在前面加not。

如:

Hepretendednottoseeme.

Nothavingtriedhisbest,hefailedintheexam.

2.不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式。

①当谓语动词表示的动作(情况)发生时,不定式动作正在进行,不定式要用进行式。

如:

Theboypretendedtobeworkinghard.

②当不定式的动作在谓语动作发生时,不定式要用完成式。

如:

Ihappenedtohaveseenthefilm.

当不定式的逻辑主语为不定式动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动式。

如:

③Thepatientaskedtobeoperatedonatonce.

3.动名词的完成式、被动式、完成被动式和带有逻辑主语的复合结构。

Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.

Hecametothepartywithoutbeinginvited.

HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfiveyearsold.

HisnotknowingEnglishtroubledhimalot.

4.现在分词的完成式和被动式。

①当现在分词的动作早于谓语动作发生时,现在分词要用完成式。

如:

Havingdonehishomework,heplayedbasketball.

②当现在分词的逻辑主语为其动作的承受者时,现在分词要用被动式。

如:

Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

Havingbeentoldmanytimes,thenaughtyboymadethesamemistake.

一、单句语法填空

1.(2020·全国II卷)Theyrepresenttheearth(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.

2.(2020·全国II卷)Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

3.(2020·全国II卷)Theyareeasy(care)forandmakegreatpresents.

4.(2020·全国III卷)Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout(find)thewell-knownpainter.

5.(2020·全国III卷)

Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.

6.(2019·全国II卷)Whenwegotacall______(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.

7.(2019·全国I卷)Scientistshaverespondedby(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.

8.(2019·浙江卷)Whenthechildrenarewalkingor______(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscaneasilyseethem.

9.(2019·浙江卷)Butsomestudentsdidn’twant(wear)theuniform.

10.(2019·全国III)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,__________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.

11.Peterwassoexcitedwhenhereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriend(visit)Chongqing.

12.Hegavealameexcusefor(absent)whichmadehimveryembarrassed.

13.Whenthemoonhadrisen,welayonthegrass,listeningtothewind(whisper)inthetrees.

14.Helenwaskindertoheryoungestson,whichmadetheothers(envy)him.

15.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinthemorningbecausethemorningairissogood(breathe).

16.Theman________(circulate)thefakenewsthat18firefighterslosttheirlivesintheexplosionwasarrested.

17.Thelittleboystaredatthestrangemanquestioningly,not________(know)whethertobelievewhathehadsaid.

18.FacialrecognitiontechnologyisworkingwellattouristattractionsaroundChina,________(reduce)thetimepeoplespendstandinginlinesatentriesorsecuritycheck.

19.Actorsshouldbegoodobservers,watchingpeople’sbodylanguageandspeakingstyle,________(transmit)andthisintotheirownabilitiestoprogressinacting.

20.Wehadbetterputoffinterviewingtheathlete,forheisbusypreparingforaninternationalcontest________(hold)inShanghainextmonth.

二、语法填空

ChopsticksplayanimportantroleinChinesefoodculture.They21(call)“Zhu”inancienttimesinChina.Chinesepeoplehavebeenusingthemformorethan3,000years.WoodorbamboochopsticksarethemostpopularonesusedinChinesehomes,22canbedatedtoabout1,000years23(early)thanivory(象牙)chopsticks.

Thereareafewthings24(avoid)whenusingchopsticks.Chinesepeopleusually.

Don’tbeattheirbowlswhile25(eat),sincethebehaviorusedtobepracticedbybeggars.Alsodon’tputchopsticksinabowluprightbecauseitisacustomonlyusedinsacrifices(祭祀).26iscommoninChinaforeveryonetousetheirownchopsticksforgettingfoodfromthe27(dish)onthetable.Ifyouprefer,servingchopsticks28(be)provided.Besides,don’tbeembarrassedbyusingchopsticks29(poor).Whatmattersisthatyouenjoythefood.Foodis30greatimportanceinChineseculture,andtheChineseissuchapracticalpersonthatallaroundyouwillmostlikelybefinewithwhatevermethodyouusetoeat.

语法填空

ThewildfiresinAustraliabecameconsiderablyworseinJanuary,2020.Thedisasterfacedby31countryisfarfromover.Manyofthefires32(send)smokehighintotheatmosphereandsomesmoketurnedintopyrocumulonimbusclouds.Thecloudscanhelpafiredrawinmoreairandshiftsurfacewinds,33(result)infiretornadoes(龙卷风).Fireshavedestroyedhabitatsforanimalsthat34(find)onlyinAustralia,includingkoalasandrarebirds.Itwilltaketimetofullyknowhowmuchharmthefireshavedone35wildlife.Thewildfiresareexpected36(continue)burningformonthsasAustraliaentereditsdryseason.

Thispastyear,2019,isthehottestanddriestyearonrecord.Fireshappen37(regular)duringtheAustraliandryseason.However,climateandnaturalchangesaremakingthesituation38(bad).Atleast12millionacreshavebeenburnedsofarinVictoriaandNewSouthWalesalone.Smokefromthefireshasmade39toSouthAmerica.Thereissomuchsmokethatitmaystayintheairformonths40couldhaveaneffectontheplanet’sclimate.

语法填空

A

FuchsiaDunlopdecidedtovisitChinaafterreadingarticlesaboutthecountryforseveralmonths.Theone-monthbackpackingtripexposedtheEnglishwoman41awiderangeofChinesefood.“ThedishesandsoupsIhadeveninthecheapestandplaineaterieswerebetterthan42IhadintheU.K.,”Dunloprecalled.

ThelaststopofhertripwasChengdu,43capitalofsouthwestChina’sSichuanProvince.DunloplearnedfromfriendsthatSichuanfoodrepresentsoneofChina’s44(good)cuisines,andwhenthespicyflavorofSichuanpepperexplodedinhermouth,somethinginsideherchangedforever.

AftershereturnedtoLondon,DunlopmadethedecisiontostudyinChinaatSichuanUniversity.Whenshewrotedown“studyingChinese45(policy)onethnicgroups”onthe46(apply)formasthereasonforascholarship,whatshereallyhadinmindwereSichuandishes.HerjourneyeventuallyledhertobecomethemostknowledgeableEnglishpersononChinesefood.She47(write)manybooksonChinesecuisinesince,includingShark’sFinandSichuanPepper,whichwastranslatedintoChinesein2018.

AccordingtoChenXiaoqing,48(know)fordirectingthedocumentaryofABiteofChina,Dunlopisthemostinsightfulforeignwriterwho49(vivid)describesChinesecuisineinanexcitingandaccurateway.Whatshepresentstothereadersisnotjustfood,butalsotheprofoundtraditionsandtremendouschanges50(occur)inthecountrybehindtheflavors.

B

Mostofushaverecentlyexperiencedquarantine(隔离)tominimizetheriskofmeetingsomebodywhomaybecarryingthevirus.Itiscertain51beingunderquarantineisnofun.However,withouraccesstofood,52(deliver)servicesandtheentertainment53(offer)bytheinternet,we’reactuallyverylucky.Let’stakeaquicklookatthehistoryofquarantines.

Theideaofquarantiningsickpeopledates54ancienttimes.Yettheword“quarantine”firstcameintouseinthe14thcenturyEuropeduringtheBlackDeath.Peopleweredroppinglikefliesfromthemysteriousdisease,andasthedeathtollclimbedintothemillions—eventuallykilling55(approximate)halfoftheEuropeanpopulation,citiesbegantotake56(measure)toprotectt

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 高等教育 > 军事

copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1