高考英语专项训练说明文2.docx

高考英语专项训练说明文2.docx

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高考英语专项训练说明文2

第四节　说明文

（2）

[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]

GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:

GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant，”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion（一份）,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”

Theeightpartseries（系列节目）,SaveMoney：

GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:

GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

1．WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?

A．Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.

B．Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C．Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.

D．Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.

2．HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

A．Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.

B．Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

C．Heassistsherincookingmatters.

D．Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

3．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

B．Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C．Addsomebackgroundinformation.

D．Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．KeepingFitbyEatingSmart

B．BalancingOurDailyDiet

C．MakingYourselfaPerfectChef

D．CookingWellforLess

[2018·武汉5月调研]

TheMalteseIslandsarerichinNeolithic（新石器时代的）sites.GgantijainGozo,Tarxien,andtheHagarQim/MnajdraComplexhereonMalta'ssouthcoastareperhapsthemostwellknown.Thesepilesofstonesaresomeoftheearliestknownmanmadestructuresintheworld.Theyareshowingtheirageabitbutwhatwouldyouexpectforbuildingsthatarefiveandahalfthousandyearsold.Myhousewasbuiltintheyear2000andisalreadyinbadconditionroundtheedges.Thesetemplesareolderthanthepyramids!

Inmyopinionthetemplesarebestseenafterthevisitorshaveleft.ComewithmeforalateafternoonwalkdownthehillpastHagarQimtowardstheMnajdraComplex.TherearechainlinkfencesaroundthetemplesnowbutwecanignorethoseandtrytoimagewhyMaltasearliestpeoplewenttothetroubleofbuildingthesestructuresonthiswindyandpoorhillside.

Ofcoursethetempleswouldhavelookedratherdifferentwhentheywereconstructed.Theymayhavebeendecoratedwithpigmentsandpossiblyevenroofedwithanimalskinsorothermaterials.Whoknows?

Wedoknowthattheywerechangedandaddedtoovera1,000yearperiodorso.

GettingtoMnajdraandHagarQimiseasiestifyouhaveacar.Orifyoudon'tmindahike,youcouldgetabustoQrendi（3kmaway）orZurrieq（5kmaway）andwalkfromthere.Warning:

althoughthedistancesarenottoogreat,walkingseveralkilometersintheMaltesesuncanbeveryhardandpossiblydangerous.Takewaterandsunscreen.

5．Whatmakesthewriterwonderaboutthetemples?

A．Theirhistory.

B．Theirappearance.

C．Howtheywerebuilt.

D．Whentheywerebuilt.

6．Whatareweawareofabouttheconstructionofthetemples?

A．Theyhavebeentransformed.

B．Theylookthesameasbefore.

C．Theywerecarefullydesigned.

D．Theyarenotwhattheyusedtobe.

7．Howcanweadmirethesitesgettingleastsunburn?

A．Byhikingthere.　　　B．Byridingacar.

C．Bytakingwater.D．Bytakingabus.

8．Wherecanwepossiblyfindthisarticle?

A．Inapoliticalspeech.

B．Inahistoricalfiction.

C．Inatravelmagazine.

D．Inageographytextbook.

[2018·桂林三模]

Youmaybefamiliarwiththefollowingfamouspeople,buthaveyouheardoftheirgraduationspeeches,inwhichtheyeithersharetheirunforgottenexperiencesorgiveyousomegreatinspiration.

MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustin

Andnowyou'veaccomplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere,andit'stimeforyoutomoveontowhat'snext.Andyoumustnotletanythingpreventyoufromtakingthosefirststeps....Youmustalsocommittotheadventure.Justhavefaithintheskillsandtheknowledgeyou'vebeenblessed（赐予）withandgo.

J．K.Rowling,HarvardUniversity

Halfmylifetimeago,Iwasstrikinganuneasybalancebetweenmyambitionandtheexpectationfrommyparentswhowerenotrich...ButwhatIfearedmostofmyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty,butfailure.ThefactthatyouaregraduatingfromHarvardsuggeststhatyouknowlittleaboutfailure,youmightbedrivenbyafearoffailurequiteasmuchasadesireforsuccess.

SteveJobs,StanfordUniversity

Sometimeslife'sgoingtohityouintheheadwithabrick.Don'tlosefaith...Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork,andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven'tfoundityet,keeplookinganddon'tsettle.

BillGates,HarvardUniversity

Weneedasmanypeopleaspossibletohaveaccesstotheadvancedtechnologytoleadtoarevolutioninwhathumanbeingscandoforoneanother.Theyaremakingitpossiblenotjustfornationalgovernments,butforuniversities,smallerorganizations,andevenindividualstoseeproblems,seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld'sinequities（不公平）likehunger,poverty,andsoon.

9．WhatMichaelDellsaidistourgeusto________.

A．listentoourheart

B．learnfromourmistakes

C．followothers'example

D．pursueourdreams

10．WhatdidJ．K.Rowlingfearmostwhenshewasstudyinginuniversity?

A．Failure.B．Hunger.

C．Poverty.D．Appearance.

11．WhatdoesBillGatessuggestpeopledo?

A．Masterasmuchadvancedtechnologyaspossible.

B．Worktogethertoridsomeglobalproblems.

C．Makecontributionstotheenvironment.

D．Takeresponsibilityfortheirownbehavior.

[2018·福建毕业班质检]

Onacollegecampingtrip,curiosityaboutwavesandsandcausedRobThielertostudyshorelinesaroundtheworld.ThirtyyearslaterandnowaU．S.GeologicalSurveyresearchgeologist,Thieler,iscombiningscienceandsmartphonetechnologytohelpstudyanendangeredbird,theAtlanticCoastpipingplover.

Thepipingploverisashorebirdthatbreeds（繁殖）alongtheAtlanticCoast,theGreatLakesandtheGreatPlains.Risingsealevelsassociatedwithclimatechange,aswellasincreaseddevelopmentintheirbeachhabitats（栖息地）,threatenthespecies（物种）.Tohelptrackchangesinpipingploverhabitats,ThielerdevelopedafreeappcallediPloverin2012.Thisisamarkedchangefromthetypicalwayscientistscollectdata,whichinvolvesgatheringinformationusingspecializedequipmentorwritinginnotebooksandthenputtingintospreadsheets.

SincereleasingiPlover,scientistshavegathereddataacross1500kmofbreedingrange.ThatequalsaboutathirdofthedistanceacrosstheU．S.,whichisalargeareatocoverforonlytwothousandbreedingpairsofpipingploversontheeastcoast.Insteadofhavingtotravelandspenddaysateachsite,anumberofcooperatorsinthefieldusetheapptocollectandsenddata,allowingscientiststogatherdatamoreefficiently.Italsoallowsthemtocollectdataatthesametimeduringeachbreedingseason,providingabetterpictureofchangesthathappenoverlongerperiodsoftime.Andfast,centralizedaccessmeansscientistscanlookatdataquicklytogetarealtimeideaofwhereandhowpipingploversareusingtheirhabitats.

WhileiPloverisusedbytrainedfieldstaff,otherappsliketheU.S.GeologicalSurvey'swebbased“iCoast—DidtheCoastChange？

”invitecitizenscientiststoidentifycoastalchangesbycomparingbird'seyeviewphotographstakenbeforeandafterstorms.Alltheinformationscientistsandcitizenscientistsalikecollecthelpsfederalandstateagenciescreatepolicyplansforaddressingclimatechangeimpacts（影响）worldwide.

12．Whatcanweknowaboutthepipingplover?

A．Itsbehaviourischanging.

B．Itshabitatisgrowingbigger.

C．Itslivingenvironmentisbecomingworse.

D．ItsbreedingislimitedtotheAtlanticCoast.

13．WhydidThielerdevelopiPlover?

A．TostudyshorelinesacrossAmerica.

B．Toadvanceinformationtechnology.

C．Tofindoutglobalclimatechange.

D．Tomonitorchangesofpipingploverhabitats.

14．Whichofthefollowingbenefitstheshorebirds?

A．Thecampingequipment.

B．Researchonsmartphones.

C．Thechangeablecoast.

D．Progressintechnology.

15．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

A．ProtectingEndangeredShorebirds

B．RobThieler,aCreativeScientist

C．IPlover,ToolforTrainingFieldStaff

D．DifferencesBetweenIPloverandICoast

[2018·甘肃诊断]

AmazonChina,oneofthelargestonlinebooksellers,unveiledthebestsellingbooksinChinaforthefirsthalfof2018onTuesday,disclosingChinesepeople'sreadinghabits.

JapaneseauthorKeigoHigashino'sMiraclesoftheNamiyaGeneralStoretoppedthelistofthemostpopularpaperbooks,followedbylateChinesewriterYangJiang'sWeThreeandIsraelihistorianYuvalNoah's