中考阅读材料名人逸事10篇.docx
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中考阅读材料名人逸事10篇
名人逸事
[材料1]
Einsteinhadarichsenseofhumor,thoughhismindwasalwaysbusythinkingaboutproblemsofnatureandworkingoutnewtheories.Hewouldsometimescrackajokeortwoevenwhenhemightbespeakingaboutsomecomplicatedtheoryofphysicstoalearnedgroupofscientists.Forexample,heoncegaveatalkonhistheoryoftime.Hediscusseddozensofdifferentideasabouttime.Butafteranhourorsohesuddenlystopped,andwithalookthatseemedtosay“I’msosorry”,heasked,“Doesanyoneknowwhattimeitis?
I’mafraiditisgettinglate.”
Anothertimetowardstheendofhislife,whenhewaswithagroupofyoungstudents,mostlyyoungmen,hewasaskedtoexplainhislawofrelativity.Hesmiled,thensaid:
“Whenyousitwithanicegirlfortwohours,youthinkit’sonlyaminute.Butwhenyousitonahotstoveforaminute,youthinkit’stwohours.Thatisrelativity.”
1.ThispassagemainlytellsusthatEinstein______.
A.wasalwaysbusyworkingoutnewtheories
B.wasalwaysbusythinkgaboutproblemsofnature
C.alwaysgavelecturesonhistheories
D.wasamanofhumor
2.Einsteinwouldsometimescrackajokeortwotomake_______.
A.everybodysurprisedB.histheorieseasytounderstand
C.hisstudentslaughD.histakinteresting
3.OnceEinsteindiscusseddozensofdifferentideasinhistalkonhistheoryof______.
A.timeB.relativityC.spaceD.physics
4.TheexampletoexplainthetheoryofrelativitywasgivenbyEinsteinwhenhewas______.
A.youngB.neartheendofhislife
C.inhishouseD.withagroupofscientists
5.Simplyspeaking,relativitymeans______.
A.onefeelstimeisshortwhenheorsheiswithanicegirl
B.measureofmotion(运动),spaceandtimearerelative
C.onefeelstimeistoolongwhenheorshesitsonahotstove
D.BothAandC
Key:
1.D2.B3.A4.B5.D
[材料2]
MarkTwain’sFirstMoney
MarkTwainwasaskedonedayifhecouldrememberthefirstmoneyheeverearned.
Hethoughtalongtimeandthensaid,“Yes,itwasatschool.Icanremembereverythingaboutit.Schoolboysinthosedaysdidnottakegoodcareoftheirchairsanddesks.Therewasaruleinourschoolthatifanyonedamagedhisdeskorchair,hewouldhavetopayfivedollarsortheteacherwouldbeathiminfrontofthewholeschool.”
“OnedayIdamagedmydeskinsomeway,Ihadtopayfivedollarsorbebeatenbeforethewholeschool.Myfathersaiditwouldbetoobadtohaveourfamilydisagracedinfrontofthewholeschool.Heagreedtogivemefivedollarstohandovertheteacher.Butbeforehegavemethemoney,hetookmeupstairsandgavemeabeating.”
“ButasIhadonebeatingandIdecidedIwouldtakeanotherbeatingatschoolandkeepthefivedollars.Sothat’swhatIdid.ThatwasthefirstmoneyIeverearned.”
1.MarkTwainearnedhisfirstmoney_________.
A.whenhewasapupilB.whenhebecameawriter
C.whenhetaughtataschoolD.whenhewasbeatenbyhisfather
2.Theschoolmadetherulesothattheycould_____.
A.teachthestudentswellBgivethestudentsabeating
CkeepthedesksandchairswellDaskthestudentsformoremoney
3.MarkTwain’sfather______.
A.washappytogivehimthemoney
B.gotangrywhenheknewwhatMarkTwainhaddoneatschool
C.saidsorrytotheteacherwhenheheardthenews
D.agreedtobeatMarkTwainandthengivehimthemoney
4.MarkTwain’sfatherthoughtifhegaveMarkTwainthemoney______.
E.hewouldnotbebeateninfrontofthewholeschool
F.hewouldgototheschoolagain
G.hewouldneverdothatagain
H.hewouldearnthemoney
5.MarkTwainwasbeaten_______.
A.athomeB.onlybyhisfather
C.atschoolD.bothatschoolandathome
6.MarkTwain______.
A.gavethemoneytotheteacher
B.boughtadeskfortheschool
C.askedhisfathertogoupstairs
D.keptthemoneyforhimself
7.MarkTwain’ffatherneathimbecause________.
A.hewantedtoteachtheboyalesson
B.hedidn’twanttheboytobebeatenbytheteacher
C.hedidn’twanttogivehimthemoney
D.hedidn’twanttohavehisfamilydisagraced
Key:
1.A2.C3.B4.A5.D6.D7.D
[材料3]
Edison'sLife
CanyouimaginewhatEdison'slifewaslikeintheyearsafterhehadinventedtheelectriclamp?
Manythingshadtobeinventedandbuiltbeforetheelectriclampcouldreallybeusedbyall.
EverythingthatwasneededhadtobethoughtofandbuiltbyEdisonandthemenwhoworkedwithhim.Therewasnoplacewheretheycouldbuythethingstheyneeded.Edisonmade360inventionsmoreinordertosendelectricpowertowhereveritwaswanted.
Edisondirectedalltheworkhimself:
testingnewmachines,pullingwiresunderground,fixinglights,andsoon.Heseemedtobeeverywhereatthesametime.Hewantedhismentodoasmuchworkashedid.Butheneveraskedthemtodothingsthathehimselfwouldnotdoorcouldnotdo.
Hehadneverthoughtmuchaboutregularhoursforsleep;heoftenforgotcompletelyaboutsleeping.Hesleptforafewminutesatatime,inthemiddleofthenight,inanundergroundroomathispowerstation,withametalboxashisbed.Duringthesedays,healmostneversawhiswifeandchildren.
EveryoneprobablyexpectedthatEdisonenjoyedhissuccesswhenhisworkwascompleted.However,hedidnotnoticeatallthemoneyandhonorhereceived,becausesoonhebecameinterestedinotherideas.
1.AfterEdisoninventedelectriclamp,he_____.
A.didnothingB.builtmanythings
C.stoppedinventingthingsDneedednothing
2.Whothoughtofandbuilteverythingwhichwasneeded?
A.EdisonB.ThemenC.HiswifeD.Hischildren
3.Edisonneveraskedhismentodo_____.
A.asmuchworkashedidB.whathewoulddo
C.whathecoulddoD.whathewouldnotdoorcouldn'tdo
4.Edisonhadneverthoughtmuchaboutregularhoursforsleep.Itmeans_____.
A.EdisonneverforgotaboutsleepingB.Edisonoftenkeptregularhoursforsleeping
C.EdisonneverkeptregularhoursforsleepingD.Edisonsometimesforgotaboutsleeping
5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Edisonbecameinterestedinmoney.B.Edisonlikedmoneyandhonour.
C.EdisonwasagreatAmericaninventor.D.EdisonwasagreatEnglishinventor.
Key:
1.B2.A3D.4.C5.C
[材料4]
AlexHarleywasborninthenortheastofNewYorkin1921,buthespentmostofhisearlylifewithhismother’sfamily.Theirhistory,shesaid,beganwithToby.HewasaslavefromAfricaandhisnamewasKintay.
AlexHarleywenttoschoolandthentocollege.In1939,hejoinedtheUScoastguard.AshewasaBlack,hisjobwastowaitontablesandwasheddishes.Inhissparetime,helearnedtowritestories.Heservedinthecoastguardfor20years..Afterheretiredheputallhistimeintowriting.
AlexHarleyrememberedthestorieshisgrandmotherhadtoldhim.Hebegantostudyhisfamilystory.Afteralotofresearch,HarleydecidedthatTobyprobablywasKintaKintefortheWestAfricanMandingopeople.KintaKintewascaughtneartheVillageofJuffureontheGambiaRiver.HewassoldasaslaveinAnnapolis,Marylandin1767.ThenHarleymadeatriptoGambiaandtalkedwithahistoryexpertinJuffure.TheAfricanhistorianmadehisconclusionstronger.
AlexHarleywantedtotelltheexperiencesoftheBlackpeoplein18th-and-19th-centuryAmerica.Hespent10yearsresearchingandwritinghisfamilystoryforthebook“Roots”,Itwaspublishedin1979.ItwonaspecialPulizerPrize.Afewyearslater,afilmseriesbasedonHarley’sbookwasshownonAmericantelevision.
1.Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.
a.HemadeatriptoGambia.
b.AlexHarleyknewthestoriesabouttheirfamily
c.Kntayl;ivedneartheGambiaRiver.
d.HarleyretiredfromtheUScoastguard.
e.Tobywassoldasaslave
f.Hebegantostueyhisfamilyhistory.
A.e,c,b,f,d,aB..c,e,b,d,f,aC.e,b,d,c,a,fD.c,b,d,e,a,f
2.WheredidHarleyspendmostofthischildhood?
A.InGambiaB.InthenorthoftheUS
C.InMarylandD.InthesouthofAmerica
3.WhendidHarleylearntowritestories?
A.In1959B.After1921C.Before1939D.Inthearmy
4.Whichconclusiondidhedrawafterdoingalotofresearch?
A.Tobywasahistoryexpert.
B.Toby’shometownwasnearGambiaRiver.
C.TobywasanAfricanhistorian.
D.Toby’shometownwasAnnapolis.
5.Whichofthefollowingmighthavehappenedafterwatching“Roots”onTV?
A.EveryAmericantalkingabouttheirfamilystory.
B.NoneoftheAmericanstalkingabouttheirfamilyhistory.
C.ManyAmericansbecameinterestedinresearchingtheirfamilyhistory.
D.OnlytheBlackpeoplebecameinterestedinresearchingtheirfamilyhistory.
Key:
1.B2.D3.A4B5.C
[材料5]
CharlieChaplin
Abouttheyear1900,asmall,darkhairedboynamedCharlieChaplinwasoftenseenwaitingoutsidethebackentrancesofLondontheaters.Helookedthinandhungry.Hewashopingtogetworkinshowbusiness.Hecouldsinganddance,andaboveall,heknewhowtomakepeoplelaugh.Buthecouldn’tgetworkandthereforewanderedaboutthecitystreets.Sometimeshewassentawaytoahomeforchildrenwhohadnoparents.
ButtwentyyearslaterthissameChaplinbecamethegreatest,bestknown,andbestlovedcomedianintheworld.AnyregularvisitortothecinemamusthaveseensomeofCharlieChaplin’sfilms.Peopleeverywherehavesatandlaughedatthemuntilthetearsrandowntheirfaces.Evenpeoplewhodon’tunderstandEnglishcanenjoyChaplin’sfilmsbecausetheyaremostlysilent.Itisn’twhathesaysthatmakesuslaugh.Hiscomedydoesn’tdependuponwordsorlanguage.Itdependsuponlittleactionswhichmeanthesamethingtopeopleallovertheworld.Actingoutwithoutwordsofcommonhumanplaysanimportantpartint