华中师大《语言学》试题集及答案.docx
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华中师大《语言学》试题集及答案
《语言学》试题集及答案
I.Tickoffthecorrectorthebestpossibleanswers:
1.Oneofthepropertiesoflanguageisthatalanguageusercanunderstandandproducesentenceshe/shehasneverheardbefore.Thispropertyoflanguageiscalled________.
A.dualityB.productivityC.displacementD.arbitrariness
Key:
B
2.The______functionreferstothefactthatlanguagecanbeusedforestablishingafavorableatmosphereormaintainingsocialcontactratherthanforexchanginginformationorideas.
A.phaticB.directiveC.evocativeD.performative
Key:
A
3.Fromafunctionalapproach,the_______meaningofalanguageuseconsistsofwhatiscommunicatedofthefeelingsandattitudesofthespeaker/writer.
A.affectiveB.associativeC.stylisticD.collocative
Key:
A
4.When–ingin‘gangling’isremovedtogetaverb‘gangle’,wecallthiswayofcreatingwords________.
A.suffixationB.back-formationC.blendingD.acronymy
Key:
B
5.______referstotheprocessbywhichwordsrisefromhumblebeginningstopositionsofimportance.
A.DegradationB.SpecializationC.ElevationD.Extension
Key:
C
6.Asweknow,everyspeakerhashisownpetwordsandexpressionsandspecialwayofexpressinghisideasinlanguage.Thislanguagevarietyofindividualusersiscalled______.
A.idiolectB.regionaldialectC.temporaldialectD.socialdialect
Key:
A
7.Whenpitch,stressandlengthvariationsaretiedtothesentenceratherthantotheword,theyarecollectivelyknownas________.
A.intonationB.toneC.phonemeD.sentencestress
Key:
A
8._______referstothechangeofasoundasaresultoftheinfluenceofanadjacentsound.
A.AdditionofsoundB.Lossofsound
C.MetathesisD.Assimilation
Key:
D
9.Basically,allthelanguagesintheworldcanbeclassifiedintermsoflanguagefamily.VietnameseandKoreanaretwolanguagesinthe______family.
A.Indo-EuropeanB.Sino-Tibetan
C.Hamito-SemiticD.Malayo-Polynesian
Key:
B
10.A_______istheminimalcontrastiveunitinthewritingsystemofalanguage.
A.morphemeB.phonemeC.graphemeD.letter
Key:
C
11.Allmono-morphemicwordsareconstitutedbyfreemorphemes,andthosepoly-morphemicwordswhichconsistwhollyoffreemorphemesarecalled_________.
A.hyponymsB.compounds
C.blendsD.allomorphs
Key:
B
12.Therequirementthattheformsoftwoormorewordsofspecificwordclasseswhichstandinspecificsyntacticrelationshipwithoneanothershallalsobecharacterizedbythesameparadigmaticallymarkedcategoryorcategoriesiscalled_______.
A.concordB.government
C.recursivenessD.cohesion
Key:
A
13.Theformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowordsorawordplusapartofanotheriscalled_____.
A.blendingB.clipping
C.acronymyD.compounding
Key:
A
14.Thedistinctionof‘linguisticpotential’and‘actuallinguisticbehavior’isproposedby_______.
A.N.ChomskyB.F.deSaussure
C.M.A.HallidayD.J.Austin
Key:
C
15.Thewordmeaninggiveninthedictionaryiscalled_____meaning.
A.denotativeB.connotative
C.collectiveD.stylistic
Key:
A
16.Whenweconsiderthevariationrelatingtowhatauseristryingtodowithlanguage,wearedealingwithaddresseerelationship—continuallycategorizedas“______”.
A.tenorofdiscourseB.modeofdiscourse
C.fieldofdiscourseD.idiolect
Key:
A
17.Accordingtowords’structures,Turkishisatypical______language.
A.isolatingB.fusional
C.analyticD.agglutinative
Key:
D
18.______refertothefactthatonetypeofutteranceistypicallyfollowedbyaspecialtypeofutterance.
A.MinimalpairsB.Illocutionaryacts
C.SocialdialectsD.Adjacencypairs
Key:
D
19.Therelationbetween“dead”and“alive”islabeledas________.
A.gradabilityB.complementarity
C.hyponymyD.homonymy
Key:
B
20.Thewords“encore”and“aupair”areloanwordsfrom_______.
A.FrenchB.German
C.ItalianD.Spanish
Key:
A
21.Thedistinctionoflangueandparoleisproposedby______.
a.N.Chomskyb.F.deSaussurec.M.A.Hallidayd.J.Austin
Key:
b
22.Whichofthefollowingistheexceptiontothefeatureofarbitrarinessoflanguage?
a.nativeEnglishwordsb.borrowedwords
c.echoicwordsd.one-syllablewords
Key:
c
23.Whichofthefollowingfeaturecannotbeusedtodescribethephone[s]?
a.voicelessb.oralc.alveolard.lateral
Key:
d
24.Intermsofplaceofarticulation,thetwoconsonants[f],[v]are________.
a.dentalb.alveolarc.palatald.labiodental
Key:
d
25.Intermsofmannerofarticulation,thesounds[p],[b],[t],[d],[k],[g]are________.
a.affricatesb.fricativesc.bilabiald.oralstops
Key:
d
26.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutallophoneisNOTcorrect?
a.Allophonesaredifferentformsofthesamephoneme
b.Allophonesofthesamephonemeareincomplementarydistribution.
c.Allophonesdistinguishmeaning.
d.Allophonesarelanguagespecific.
Key:
c
27.Whichofthefollowingwordsisnotafreemorpheme?
a.ableb.petc.changed.dusty
Key:
d
28.Howmanymorphemesarethereintheworddischarged?
a.2b.3c.4d.5
Key:
b
29.Whichofthefollowingwordsismadeupofboundmorphemesonly?
a.happinessb.televisionc.ecologyd.teacher
Key:
c
30.Languageispassedonfromonegenerationtothenextbyteachingandlearningratherthanbyinstinct.Thispropertyoflanguageiscalled_____.
a.interchangeabilityb.productivity
c.culturaltransmissiond.arbitrariness
Key:
c
31.ThefamousquotationfromShakespeare’splayRomeoandJuliet‘Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet’wellillustrates_______.
A.theconventionalnatureoflanguage
B.thecreativenatureoflanguage
C.theuniversalityoflanguage
D.thebigdifferencebetweenhumanlanguageandanimalcommunication
Key:
A
32.Ofthefollowingsoundcombinations,only_______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.
A.kiblB.bkilC.ilkbD.ilbk
Key:
A
33.ThesentencethathasaNPandaVPcanbeshownina_______formula“S→NPVP”.
A.hierarchicalB.linearC.treediagramD.vertical
Key:
B
34.Itisthe_______onCaseassignmentthatstatesthataCaseassignorandaCaserecipientshouldstayadjacenttoeachother.
A.CaseConditionB.CaseParameter
C.AdjacentConditionD.AdjacentParameter
Key:
C
35.Predicationanalysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.
A.phonemeB.wordC.phraseD.sentence
Key:
D
36.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_______.
A.commisivesB.directivesC.expressivesD.declaratives
Key:
A
37.Theterm_______linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.
A.synchronicB.diachronic
C.comparativeD.historicalcomparative
Key:
B
38.Thewayinwhichpeopleaddresseachotherdependsontheirage,sex,socialgroup,andpersonalrelationship.TheEnglishsystemofaddressformsfrequentlyusedincludesfirstname,lastname,title+lastname,_______,andkinterm.
A.title+firstnameB.title+title
C.titlealoneD.firstname+lastname+title
Key:
C
39.Languageandthoughtmaybeviewedastwoindependentcirclesoverlappinginsomeparts.Whenlanguageandthoughtareidenticalorcloselyparalleltoeachother,wemayregardthoughtas“subvocalspeech,”andspeechas“_______”.
A.vocalthoughtB.subvocalthought
C.covertthoughtD.overtthought
Key:
D
40.Whcihofthefollowingbeststatesthebehavioristviewofchildlanguageacquisition?
A.Languageacquisitionisaprocessofhabitformation.
B.Languageacquisitionisthespecies-specificpropertyofhumanbeings.
C.Childrenarebornwithaninnateabilitytoacquirelanguage.
D.Humansareequippedwiththeneuralprerequisitesforlanguageandlanguageuse.
Key:
A
41.Thewords“kowtow”and“tea”areloanwordsfrom_______.
A.ChineseB.GermanC.ItalianD.Spanish
Key:
A
42.Theterm_______linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.
A.synchronicB.diachronic
C.comparativeD.historicalcomparative
Key:
B
43.Theformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowordsorawordplusapartofanotheriscalled_____.
A.blendingB.clippingC.acronymyD.compounding
Key:
A
44.Accordingtowords’structures,Latinisatypical______language.
A.isolatingB.fusionalC.analyticD.agglutinative
Key:
B
45.Therelationbetween“animal”and“lamb”islabeledas________.
A.gradabilityB.complementarity
C.hyponymyD.homonymy
Key:
C
46.Oneofthepropertyoflanguageisthatthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningandsounds.Thispropertyoflanguageiscalled________.
A.dualityB.productivityC.displacementD.arbitrariness
Key:
D
47.The________functionreferstotheuseoflanguagetocreatecertainfeelingsinthehearer.
A.phaticB.directiveC.evocativeD.performative
Key:
A
48.The_______meaningofawordconsistsoftheassociationsitacquiresonaccountofthemeaningsofwordswhichtendtooccurinitsenvironment.
A.associativeB.affectiveC.stylisticD.collocative
Key:
D
49.When–orineditorisremovedtogetaverbedit,wecallthiswayofcreatingwords________.
A.suffixationB.back-formationC.blendingD.acronymy
Key:
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