高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 233.docx

高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 233.docx

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高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day233

高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day233

Passage1

　　"Eatlocal."It'sonewaytoreducehumaneffectontheplanet.Eatinglocalmeanstotrytobuyandconsumefoodsthataregrowninplacesclosetohome.However,mostofthefoodsoldatsupermarketsisnotlocallygrownorproduced.Trucksandplanesdeliverthesefoodsfromhundredsorthousandsofmilesaway.Duringthetransportation,greenhousegasesareproduced,causingglobalwarming.Sotheshorterthedistanceyourfoodsmusttravel,thelesstheharmisdonetotheenvironment.

　　Buthowdoyougetlocalfoodifyouliveinalargecity,hundredsofmilesawayfromfarms?

EnvironmentalhealthscientistDicksonDespommierandhisstudentscameupwiththeideaofa"vertical（垂直的）farm".

　　Averticalfarmisaglass-walledstructurethatcouldbebuiltastallasaskyscraper（摩天大楼）.Sincethegardenisbuiltupwards,ratherthanoutwards,itrequiresmuchlessspacethananordinaryfarm.Theworldisquicklyrunningoutofroomforordinaryfarming.Verticalfarmscouldbeakeytothissituation.Despommierimaginesa30-storybuildingwithagreenhouseoneveryfloor.Thewallsofthebuildingwouldbeclear,toallowcropstogetasmuchsunlightaspossible.Dependingonacity'swaterresources,Despommierthinkshydroponic（水培的）farmingisanothermethodfortheverticalfarmwhichneedsnosoiltogrowplants.

　　Despommiersaysthehydroponicgreenhouseswoulduseasystemthatwoulduseacity'swastewaterandfillitwithnutritionstomakethecropsgrow.Ifthismethodworks,itwouldprovidefoodtoacityandsavemillionsoftonsofwater.

　　Theideaofaverticalfarmhasattractedtheattentionofgovernmentofficialsaroundtheworld.ScottStringer,agovernmentofficialfromNewYorkCity,thinksthecityissuitablefortheverticalfarming."Obviouslywedon'thavemuchlandleftforus,"Stringersaid."ButtheskyisthelimitinManhattan."

　　Despommieradmitsthatthereisstillalotofworktodotomakeverticalfarmsareality."ButIthinkverticalfarmingisanideathatcanworkinabigway,"hesays.

1.Whyarepeopleadvisedtoeatlocal?

________

A.Becauseitisenvironmentallyfriendly.

B.Becauseitcanhelppeoplesavealotofmoney.

C.Becauselocalfoodhasmorenutrition.

D.Becauseitmeansconveniencetopeople.

2.Whichisoneoftheverticalfarm'sbenefitswhencomparedwithordinaryfarming?

________

A.Itproduceshealthierfood.

B.Itdoeslessharmtothecities.

C.Itrequireslesstransportcosts.

D.Itneedsmorespaceofthecity.

3.Bysaying"theskyisthelimitinManhattan",Stringermeans________.

A.hereisalimitforusingemptylandinManhattan

B.peoplecanmakefulluseofverticalspaceofManhattan

C.theheightofbuildingsinManhattanislimited

D.Manhattancanspreadasfaraspossible

4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheverticalfarminginthepassage?

________

A.Cropsaremainlygrownintherainwaterinaverticalfarm.

B.Ithassolvedtheproblemofthefoodshortageinabigway.

C.Thewallsofthebuildingwouldbecleartoletpeopleseetheplanetsclearly.

D.Nosoilisneededtogrowplantsinaverticalfarm.

Passage2

　　Likepeople,plantsexperiencestress.Andalso,likepeople,theresponsetothatstresscandeterminesuccess.

　　Badenvironmentalconditions,suchasdrought,flood,heatandotherstresses,affectyields（产量）morethancroppestsanddiseases.Wearetryingtofindawaytoequipplantswiththeabilitytotolerateenvironmentalstressandmaintainhighyields,saidStephenHowell,aprofessorofgeneticsandcellbiology.

　　Plantcellsproduceproteins（蛋白质）andshipthemtodifferentpartsofthecell.Undernormalconditions,theseproteinsarefoldedintotheirnormal,healthystructuresastheyareproduced.Whenaplantisunderstress,itscellsproducepoorlyfoldedorunfoldedproteins.Thenabuilt-insystemsensesthisand"setsoffanalarminthecell,"saidHowell.

　　Inresponsetothealarm,anotherprotein（IRE1）startsworkingandcreatesadifferentprocesswhichactivates（激活）thestressresponsegeneswhoseproductsbringaboutdefensivemeasuresthathelptheplantsurvive.

"Asitturnsout,responsesthatareactivatedunderstressconditionsactuallyinhibitthegrowthofplants,"saidHowell."Thisallowsthemtopreservetheirenergytosurvivethestressconditions."

　　Forplantsinthewild,thisresponseisahelpforsurvival,hesaid.Inproductionofagriculturecrops,however,thisresponsereducesyields.

　　"Youdon'twantcropplantstostopgrowing,"Howellsaid."Youwantthemtocontinuetogrowandproduceeventhoughtheyareunderstress."

　　Withthenewunderstandingofthisstressresponse,thenextstepmaybetosilencethealarmsystem,saidHowell."Whatmaybeimportantistodisablesomeofthesestressresponses.Thatmaymaketheplantmoreproductiveunderstressconditions."

1.Accordingtothetext,whatcausesanalarmintheplantcells?

________.

A.Thefoldedproteins.

B.Thechangedproteins.

C.Thedefensivemeasures.

D.Thestressresponsegenes.

2.Whatdoestheenergypreservedintheplantsunderstressconditionsdo?

________.

A.Ithelpstheplantstosurvive.

B.Ithelpstomaintainhighyields.

C.Itkeepstheplantsgrowing.

D.Ithelpstoproduceproteins.

3.Whichwordisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedword"inhibit"inParagraph5.________.

A.PreventB.Start

C.ContinueD.Promote

4.HowdoesHowellintendtomakecropplantsmaintainhighyieldsunderstressconditions.________.

A.Bymakingcropplantskeepmoreenergy.

B.Bymakingcropplantsstopgrowing.

C.Bymakingthealarmsystemstopworking.

D.Bymakingthealarmsystemrespondquickly.

Passage3

　　Inthenearfuture,wemaybeusingoureyestooperateoursmart-phonesandtablets,evenwhenitcomestoplayingpopulargameslikeFruitNinja.

　　TheGazeGrouphasbeendevelopingeye-controlledcomputertechnologyfornearly20years,Butthosedeviceshavebeenfirstlydesignedtohelpthosewithdisabilities,andareveryexpensive.

　　"Afterawhile,wefiguredoutthatprobablythebestwayistogoforamass-marketway,"saysGaze'sSuneAlstrupJohansen."whereeverybodywouldhavethisavailable."

　　Johansenandsomeofhiscolleagueshaveformedanewcompany,theEyeTribe,whichishopingtodevelopthetechnologyonamasscommerciallevel.

　　Thetechnologyworkswhencombinedwiththecomputingdevicetowardtheuser'sface.Aftermakingsureoftheuser'seyemovements,thetechnologyisthenabletoeasilyfindwhereaperson'seyesaremoving,andthenallowtheeyestocontrolacursor（光标）.

　　"Oursoftwarecanthendeterminethelocationoftheeyesandknowwhereyou'relookingonthescreentomakesurewhatyou'relookingat,"readsanexplanationontheEyeTribesite.

　　Therehasbeenagradualchangetowardhands-freetechnologyinrecentyears,particularlyinthegamingworld.RecentlyXboxreleasedtheKinectdevice,whichletsuserscontroltheirXboxandplaycertaingamesusingonlytheirhands,legsandvoices.Butsill,mostofthesedeviceshavebeenmoreofagimmickthanapracticalwaytouseone'shandstocontrolamobiledevice.Johansensaidareplaceablefilter（滤光器）wouldbeacheap,convenientwayformostconsumers.

　　AndevenascompanieslikeTheEyeTribeworktocreatesuchaproductfortheaverageuser,makingtheeye-controlledtechnologymoreaccessibleandlessexpensivewillhavesimilarbenefitsforphysicallydisabledusers.

　　Formorearticlesonmodemscience,pleaseCLICKhere.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?

________

A.Anintroductionofanewdevice.

B.Anintroductionofsmart-phones.

C.Anintroductionofeye-controllingtechnology.

D.Anintroductionofanewtechnologyforthedisabled.

2.Theunderlinedword"gimmick"probablymeans________.

A.truthB.phoneC.trickD.review

3.Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat________.

A.theeye-controllingtechnologywasfirstdevelopedfortheblind

B.thereisnosuchaphoneaswecanuseonlywithoureyesatpresent

C.thepresentdevelopingofthetechnologywillbringnogood

D.theeye-controllingtechnologyisonlyintendedforthedisabledpeople

4.Thispassageisprobablytakenfrom________.

A.anexperimentreportB.asciencefiction

C.aschooltextbookD.asciencewebsite

Passage4

　　Smalltalkispartofeverydaylife,butitsthedeepconversationsthatmaymakeyouhappy.That'sonepossibilitysuggestedinanewstudywhichexaminedhowconversationisrelatedtohappiness.

　　Researchers,ledbyMatthiasMehlattheUniversityofArizona,lookedatthedifferenttypesofconversationthathappyandunhappypeopleparticipatein.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalPsychologicalScience,wassomewhatsmall,involving79undergraduates,butwellwithestablishedideasthathappinessandsociallifeareconnected.

　　Expertsfoundthatthehappiestpeopleinthestudyengagedin33%moresmalltalkthantheunhappiestparticipants.Happypeopletendedtohavetwiceasmanydeepconversations,andspent25percentlesstimealonethantheunhappiestparticipants.

　　Theseinsights（见解）fitwithwhatpsychologistshaveseenpreviously:

thatlonelinessleadstodepression,andthatfeelingsofsocialconnectednessareimportantforhappiness,saidSusanTurkCharles,apsychologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.

　　Deepconversationscreateafeelingofbelongingthatleadstohappiness,shesaid.Onthecontrary,peoplewhosufferfromdepressiontendtowithdrawfromothers.

　　Themethodthattheresearchersusedwascreative,Charlessaid.Instea