网球等级.docx
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网球等级
1.0
初学网球
1.5
经验有限;仍在努力维持活球(球在场内来回)状态
2.0
正手:
不完全挥拍;击球缺乏方向意识
反手:
避免使用反手;稳定性差;握拍有问题;挥拍不完全
发球/接发球:
发球动作不完整;时常双误;抛球不稳定;接发球常失误
网前:
极少上网;避免反手截击;缺乏脚部移动
风格描述:
了解单双打基本站位;但经常站位错误
2.5
正手:
进阶中;尝试慢节奏对打
反手:
握拍以及击球准备存在问题;常用正手替代反手
发球/接发球:
尝试完全挥拍;慢速的球可以发进;抛球不稳定;能接较慢的发球
网前:
网前感到不适尤其是反手截击;常用正手拍面打反手位截击
特殊球:
能主动放高吊球但缺乏控制;仅能碰到过顶球
风格描述:
能慢速对打;场地覆盖能力弱;双打站位呆板
3.0
正手:
较好的稳定性及方向感;缺乏击球深度控制
反手:
击球准备良好;开始打出中速稳定的击球
发球/接发球:
发球节奏感提高;大力发球稳定性差;二发明显慢于一发;接发球比较稳定
网前:
正手截击稳定;反手截击不稳定;难以处理低球与大角度球
特殊球:
能打出稳定的中速高吊球
风格描述:
稳定的中速对打;双打构成仍然是一前一后;机械的上网且缺乏杀伤力
3.5
正手:
打出中速稳定富有变化的击球;良好的击球方向控制;上旋球能力提高
反手:
中速球能控制方向;难以处理高球与快速球
发球/接发球:
开始控制和加力;上旋发球能力提高;接中速发球稳定且能控制回球方向
网前:
更多的网前进攻能力;对于大角度球有一定覆盖能力;正确的脚步移动;正手截击稳定;反手截击有一定控制但防御能力差;难以对付对方截击球
特殊球:
稳定的追到并回击过顶球;击打随击球,小球,半截击球能力提高;能把大多数的二发接回到理想位置
风格描述:
稳定控制中速球;场地覆盖能力提高;寻求上网机会;双打配合能力提高
4.0
正手:
可依赖的;打出稳定的中速深球;即便处于劣势也可能打出好球
反手:
对付中速来球稳定且回球有深度;上旋球进阶
发球/接发球:
一发和二发皆能控制方向;一发有力;使用旋转发球;接发球可依靠的;单打接发球有深度,双打接发球富有变化
网前:
正手截击控制能力且有深度;反手截击基本稳定但缺乏深度;对付身体两边大角度球及低球的能力有所提高
特殊球:
对于容易的过顶球能直接击打;双打中能抢网;随球上网;开始打出致胜球;能打击对手的弱点;有意识的打出进攻高吊球;可靠的回发球
风格描述:
中速落地球的稳定性、方向、深度均值得依靠;好球所占比重不多;双打配合明显;对打依然会由于失去耐心而失误
4.5
正手:
非常值得依赖;有效使用速度和旋转;良好的深度控制;尝试劣势下大力回球;中速球有攻击性
反手:
能控制方向和深度但在受迫时会失误;中速下能打出有力击球
发球/接发球:
进攻性的发球并很少双误;使用力量和旋转;二发常具有深度和良好落点;常有效的接大力发球;双打时能降低球速提高成功率
网前:
连续截击能力;步伐良好;反手截击方向深度控制良好;控制打点能力提高;失误原因多是因为大力击球造成
特殊球:
随击球有良好的深度和控制;持续的截击和回过顶球至底线;常有效的接回大力发球
风格描述:
比赛中试图打出多样化击球;击球速度提高;妥善避开自身弱点;开始根据对手设计比赛计划;双打中网前具有进攻性;良好判断;开始控制速度节奏
5.0
正手:
大力击球且仍保持控制、深度和旋转;利用正手取得进攻优势;打点精良;挥击球有力
反手:
能利用反手打出稳定的进攻球;多数情况下方向和深度控制良好;旋转多样
发球/接发球:
有效的发到对手弱点或为进攻奠定基础;有值得依赖的发球变化;二发深度、旋转、落点控制绝佳导致对手回球软弱或为自己进攻做设计;接发球有良好控制、深度和旋转,并能根据情况选择大力进攻或减速
网前:
大多截击有深度、旋转和方向控制;对付难打的球依然能截出深度;只要有机会,常能截击出致胜球
特殊球:
随击球和挥击球均能高度有效的打出速度;进攻性高吊球;任何位置能回击过顶球;中场截击稳定;接发球按需要进攻或减速
风格描述:
常有精彩的击球或应变;能根据对手情况拟订战术目标;该选手具备了“比赛智慧”,随着经验的增加,他“自己击败自己”的情况少于4.5的选手;输掉比赛的原因相对于5.5的选手常常是因为精神和体力不支;双打显现出强大的配合
5.5
该选手已经能在比赛中受迫情况下打出可靠的好球;已经建立完善的技术风格;能从对手的抛球、站位、拉拍、准备动作中获得判断;一发二发在受迫情况下皆能正常发挥;任何时候击球都具有攻击性;能分析对手弱点;已经把力量或稳定变成主要武器;善于在比赛中运用各种战术
6.0到7.0
这类选手已经不需要NTRP级别标准,他们自己对自己的描述是排名或以往排名
6.0的选手一般经历过国内初级比赛或大学联赛的强化训练,并具有地区或国内排名
6.5的选手非常有可能上升为7.0级别,他们具有广泛的卫星赛经验
7.0的选手是国际级别的选手他们参加的是国际大赛且收入来源是这些比赛的奖金
CompleteNTRPScale
NATIONALTENNISRATINGPROGRAM
VerificationGuidelines
SpecificCharacteristicsofVariousPlayingLevels
Pleasenote:
YoumustgetratedbyanofficialNTRPverifierinordertoparticipateinU.S.TennisAssociationleagues
1.0
Thisplayerisjuststartingtoplaytennis
1.5
Thisplayerhaslimitedexperienceandisstillworkingprimarilyongettingtheballintoplay
2.0
FOREHAND:
Incompleteswing;lacksdirectionalintent
BACKHAND:
Avoidsbackhands;erraticcontact;gripproblems;incompleteswing
SERVE/RETURNOFSERVE:
Incompleteservicemotion;doublefaultscommon;tossisinconsistent;returnofserveerratic
VOLLEY:
Reluctanttoplaynet;avoidsBH;lacksfootwork
PLAYINGSTYLE:
Familiarwithbasicpositionsforsinglesanddoublesplay;frequentlyoutofposition
2.5
FOREHAND:
Formdeveloping;preparedformoderatelypacedshots
BACKHAND:
Gripandpreparationproblems;oftenchoosestohitFHinsteadofBH
SERVE/RETURNOFSERVE:
Attemptingafullswing;cangettheballinplayatslowpace;inconsistenttoss;canreturnslowpacedserve
VOLLEY:
UncomfortableatnetespeciallyontheBHside;frequentlyusesFHracketfaceonBHvolleys
SPECIALSHOTS:
Canlobintentionallybutwithlittlecontrol;canmakecontactonoverheads
PLAYINGSTYLE:
Cansustainashortrallyofslowpace;weakcourtcoverage;usuallyremainsintheinitialdoublesposition
3.0
FOREHAND:
Fairlyconsistentwithsomedirectionalintent;lacksdepthcontrol
BACKHAND:
Frequentlyprepared;startingtohitwithfairconsistencyonmoderateshots
SERVE/RETURNOFSERVE:
Developingrhythm;littleconsistencywhentryingforpower;secondserveisoftenconsiderablyslowerthanfirstserve;canreturnservewithfairconsistency
VOLLEY:
ConsistentFHvolley;inconsistentBHvolley,hastroublewithlowandwideshots
SPECIALSHOTS:
Canlobconsistentlyonmoderateshots
PLAYINGSTYLE:
Consistentonmedium-pacedshots;mostcommondoublesformationisstillone-up,one-back;approachesnetwhenplaydictatesbutweakinexecution
3.5
FOREHAND:
Goodconsistencyandvarietyonmoderateshots;gooddirectionalcontrol;developingspin
BACKHAND:
Hittingwithdirectionalcontrolonmoderateshots;hasdifficultyonhighorhardshots;returnsdifficultshotdefensively
SERVE/RETURNOFSERVE:
Startingtoservewithcontrolandsomepower;developingspin;canreturnserveconsistentlywithdirectionalcontrolonmoderateshots
VOLLEY:
Moreaggressivenetplay;someabilitytocoversideshots;usesproperfootwork;candirectFHvolleys;controlsBHvolleybutwithlittleoffense;difficultyinputtingvolleysaway
SPECIALSHOTS:
Consistentoverheadonshotswithinreach;developingapproachshots,dropshots;andhalfvolleys;canplacethereturnofmostsecondserves
PLAYINGSTYLE:
Consistencyonmoderateshotswithdirectionalcontrol;improvedcourtcoverage;startingtolookfortheopportunitytocometothenet;developingteamworkindoubles
4.0
FOREHAND:
Dependable;hitswithdepthandcontrolonmoderateshots;maytrytohittoogoodaplacementonadifficultshot
BACKHAND:
Playercandirecttheballwithconsistencyanddepthonmoderateshots;developingspin
SERVE/RETURNOFSERVE:
Placesbothfirstandsecondserves;frequentpoweronfirstserve;usesspin;dependablereturnofserve;canreturnwithdepthinsinglesandmixreturnsindoubles
VOLLEY:
DepthandcontrolonFHvolley;candirectBHvolleysbutusuallylacksdepth;developingwideandlowvolleysonbothsidesofthebody
SPECIALSHOTS:
Canputawayeasyoverheads;canpoachindoubles;followsaggressiveshotstothenet;beginningtofinishpointoff;canhittoopponent'sweaknesses;abletolobdefensivelyonsetups;dependablereturnofserve
PLAYINGSTYLE:
Dependablegroundstrokeswithdirectionalcontrolanddepthdemonstratedonmoderateshots;notyetplayinggoodpercentagetennis;teamworkindoublesisevident;ralliesmaystillbelostduetoimpatience
4.5
FOREHAND:
Verydependable;usesspeedandspineffectively;controlsdepthwell;tendstooverhitondifficultshots;offensiveonmoderateshots
BACKHAND:
Cancontroldirectionanddepthbutmaybreakdownunderpressure;canhitpoweronmoderateshots
SERVE/RETURNOFSERVE:
Aggressiveservingwithlimiteddoublefaults;usespowerandspin;developingoffense;onsecondservefrequentlyhitswithgooddepthandplacement;frequentlyhitsaggressiveservicereturns;cantakepaceoffwithmoderatesuccessindoubles
VOLLEY:
Canhandleamixedsequenceofvolleys;goodfootwork;hasdepthanddirectionalcontrolonBH;developingtouch;mostcommonerrorisstilloverhitting
SPECIALSHOTS:
Approachshotshitwithgooddepthandcontrol;canconsistentlyhitvolleysandoverheadstoendthepoint;frequentlyhitsaggressiveservicereturns
PLAYINGSTYLE:
Moreintentionalvarietyingame;ishittingwithmorepace;coversupweaknesseswell;beginningtovarygameplanaccordingtoopponent;aggressivenetplayiscommonindoubles;goodanticipation;beginningtohandlepace
5.0
FOREHAND:
Strongshotwithcontrol,depth,andspin;usesFHtosetupoffensivesituations;hasdevelopedgoodtouch;consistentonpassingshots
BACKHAND:
CanuseBHasanaggressiveshotwithgoodconsistency;hasgooddirectionanddepthonmostshots;variesspin
SERVE/RETURNOFSERVE:
Serveisplacedeffectivelywiththeintentofhittingtoaweaknessordevelopinganoffensivesituation;hasavarietyofservestorelyon;gooddepth,spin,andplacementonmostsecondservestoforceweakreturnorsetupnextshot;canmixaggressiveandoff-pacedservicereturnswithcontrol,depth,andspin
VOLLEY:
Canhitmostvolleyswithdepth,pace,anddirection;playsdifficultvolleyswithdepth;givenopportunity,volleyisoftenhitforawinner
SPECIALSHOTS:
Approachshotsandpassingshotsarehitwithpaceandahighdegreeofeffectiveness;canloboffensively;overheadcanbehitfromanyposition;hitsmid-courtvolleywithconsistency;canmixaggressiveandoff-pacedservicereturns
PLAYINGSTYLE:
Frequentlyhasanoutstandingshotorattributearoundwhichhisgameisbuilt;canvarygameplanaccordingtoopponent;thisplayeris'matchwise,'playspercentagetennis,and'beatshimself'lessthanthe4.5player;solidteamworkindoublesisevident;gamebreaksdownmentallyandphysicallymoreoftenthanthe5.5player
5.5
Thisplayercanhitdependableshotsinstresssituations;hasdevelopedgoodanticipation;canpickupcuesfromsuchthingsasopponent'stoss,bodyposition,backswing,preparation;firstandsecondservescanbedependedoninstresssituationsandcanbehitoffensivelyatanytime;cananalyzeandexploitopponent'sweaknesses;hasdevelopedpowerand/orconsistencyasamajorweapon;canvarystrategiesandstyleofplayinacompetitivesituation.
6.0to7.0
TheseplayerswillgenerallynotneedNTRPratings.Rankingsorpastrankingswillspeakforthemselves.The6.0playertypicallyhashadintensivetrainingfornationaltournamentcompetitionatthejuniorlevelandcollegiatelevelsandhasobtainedasectionaland/ornationalranking.The6.5playerhasareasonablechanceofsucceedingatthe7.0levelandhasextensivesatellitetournamentexperience.The7.0isaworldclassplayerwhoiscommittedtotournamentcompetitionontheinternationallevelandwhosemajorsourceofincomeistournamentprizewinnings.
说明:
1.参照美国NTRP(NationalTennisRatingProgram)标准,用易于理解的语言表述出来。
2.从我国目前网球运动的总体状况来看,业余选手的水平顶多能达到4.5级;国家(省)队现役队员一般为5.0、5.5,只有个别选手能到6.0。
3.业余选手一般技术都不够全面,在对照某一级别的描述时,可能出现有的达不到,有的又超出。
我们的建议是:
用达不到的项数(负值)与超出的项数相加,如果得数不小于“-1”,则可定为该级别;反之,最好先降低0.5级,待有针对性