英语议论文的语言特点.docx

英语议论文的语言特点.docx

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英语议论文的语言特点

英语议论文的语言特点

由于与其他文体相比,英语议论文类似英语说明文,因此,它具有英语说明文的一些语言特点,比如:

时态较为统一,多用现在时;强调语言表达的客观性;尽可能指明信息来源等等。

但作为一种独立的文体,英语议论文在语言上也有一些自己特有的表达形式:

1.较多使用表达委婉语气的词语和句子

与英语说明文相比,英语议论文不仅需要说明自己的观点,而且还要让读者接受自己的观点,因此,在词语表达上除了客观之外,还必须注意委婉。

在英语中,常用虚拟语气,让步状语从句和情态动词can,could,may,might,would,should等。

请看下面两组有关“面试在招生过程中的重要性”的文字:

（1）Nooneshouldbeadmittedinto（招收进）collegewithoutapersonalinterview（面试）。

Whatcanadmissionspeople（招生人员）tellfromapieceofpaper?

Theycantellnothing.Onlywhentheyseeastudentfacetoface,cantheydecidewhatkindofapersonheis.

（2）Thoughadmissionspeoplecanlearnsomethingsfromapieceofpaper,suchashowwellapersonwritesandwhatheisinterestedin,theremaybemanyotherthingsthatanapplication（申请表）cannottellbutcanonlybeseeninapersonalinterview.Thewayapersontalks,thewayhethinksaboutandanswersquestions,thewayhereacts（反应）,areallimportantfactsofapersonwhichcannotbefoundonapieceofpaper.

两段文字都强调“大学生入学必须面试”,但相比之下,例

（2）用了情态动词,though引导的让步状语从句等表达方式,语气较为委婉,更容易为读者所接受。

2.使用有辩论、推理等含义的连接词和过渡词等词语结构

英语议论文讲究辩论推理的条理性和逻辑性,因此,往往较多地使用这类性质的过渡词和连接词,常用的包括:

since（既然）,nowthat（既然）,therefore（因而）,consequently（因此）,accordingly（因此）,hence（因而）,inthatcase（在那种情况下）,because（因为）,so（所以）。

另外,还有些句型也常出现在英语议论文中,比如:

Itfollowsthat…（因而……）,If…,wemayconcludethat…（如果……,我们可以这样下结论……）,Shoulditbethecase（如果是这样的话……）,Idon'twantto…,but…（我并不想……,但是……）,Ifyouadmit…,then…（如果你承认……,那么……）,Itistruethat…,but…（诚然……,但是……）,Evenif…（即使……）等。

下面这篇学生作文较好地使用了上述这些英语议论文常用的连接词和过渡

词等词语结构,从而使文章的辩论和推理条理清晰,富有说服力:

Somepeoplesaythattheywillnotgiveupsmokingbecausetheyhavetherighttodowhattheywanttodosincesmokingisnotagainstthelaw.Yes,it'struethatsmokingdoesnotviolate（违反）thelawandthereforetheycandoastheylike,butwhatisequallytrueisthattheyhavetoberesponsibleforwhattheydoatthesametime.NowIdon'twant

tobringfearstoanyone,butherearesomestatistics（统计数字）I'vejustgotfromnewspaper:

Overseventypercentofthepeoplewhodiedoflungcancerwereheavysmokers.Morethanthirty-fivepercentdeformed（畸形的）babieshavesmokingmothers.Evenifthosechainsmokers（一支接一支抽烟者）arenotafraidforthemselves,shouldn'ttheybeafraidfortheirfamilymembersiftheyhavegotany?

英语议论文常用句型

A.引出问题或导出结论的句型

1.Althougheveryonebelievesthat...,Idoubtwhethertheargumentbearsmuchanalysis.

2.Althougheveryoneholdsthat...,Iwonderwhethertheargumentbearscloseexamination.

3.Contrarytowidelyheldacceptedbelief,Ibelievethat...

4.Contrarytocommonlyheldacceptedview,Iarguethat...

5.Theymayberightabout...,buttheyseemtoneglecttomentionthefactthat...

6.Theymayberightabout...,buttheyseemtofailtotakeintoaccountthefactthat...

7.TheadvantagesofBoutweighanybenefitwegainfromA.

8.TheadvantagesofBcarrymoreweightthanthoseofA.

9.Whentheadvantagesanddisadvantagesof...arecarefullycompared,themoststrikingconclusionisself?

evident.

B.解释原因或分析影响的句型

1.Onemayregardthetrendasasignof...

2.Onemayviewthephenomenonasaresultof...

3.Onemaythinkofthephenomenonasaresponseto...

4.Thechangesin...mainlyresultsfromthefactthat...

5.Thefailurein...largelyarisesfromseveralfactors.

6.Thesuccessin...partlyisbecauseofthefactthat...

7.Theincreasein...largelyisbecauseof...

8.Thereareseveralcausesforthisdramaticgrowthin....First...,second...

9.Therearedifferentreasonsforthissignificantdeclinein...

10....ispartlyresponsiblefortherisein...

11....ismainlyresponsibleforthedecreasein...

12.Itisnoeasytasktofindthereasonforthiscomplicatedphenomenonwhich...

13.Itisnosimplejobtogivethereasonforthisdeep?

seatedtendencywhich...

C.阐述或论述的句型

1.Wemayciteasingleexampleof...

2.Wemayquoteacommonexampleof...

3.Wemaymentionanotherexampleof...

4.Arecentsurveyconductedatauniversityindicatesthat...

5.Onenationwidepolltakenbysomescientistsrevealsthat...

6.Accordingtothefigures/statisticsreleased/providedbythegovernment...

7.Ascanbeseeninthefindings/dataprovided/releasedbyaninstitute...

8.Thereis（no）good/little/strongevidence/proofthat...

9.Thereis（no）good/little/strongproofinfavorof/against...

10.Atfirstthought,itmayseemasoundsolution,butonsecondthought,wefindthat...

11.Atfirstthought,itmayseemanattractivesuggestion,butcarefullyweighingonthemind,wefind...

常用议论文模版

1.利弊议论文

Model1

Itisanewthingthat_____.Manypeoplewelcomethisnewdevelopmentwhileothershaveexpressedtheirconcernaboutthis.

Thosewhotakesidesagainstthisnewtrendbelievethat_____because_____.

Onecommonargument,however,for____isthat_____.

Ofthetwoviewsdiscussedabove,Iaminfavorofthe_____.Myreasonisthat____.

Model2

Asisknowntoall,therehasbeenawaveof____.Therearemanyadvantages/disadvantagesofthismodernway.Firstofall,_____.Inthesecondplace,_____.Lastly,_____.Inaword,____.

Model3

Whenaskedabout____,differentpeoplewillofferdifferentopinions.Somepeopletakeitforgrantedthat_____.Intheirmind,____.Besides,______.

However,othersholdthat____.Theymaintainthat____.

Weightingupthesetwoarguments,Iamforthefirstone.Foronething,____.Foranother,_____.Therefore,asstatedabove,____.

Model4

____isbecomingmorepopularin____,especiallyamong____.Today,it’scertainlydifficulttothinkof____.

Thereareseveralreasonsforitspopularity.First,____.Second,

____.However,intermsof_____.

2.个人观点议论文

Model

（1）

Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentionto_____.Somepeoplearguethat____whileothersfirmlyholdthat_____.

Inmyopinion,Ithinkthisquestionshouldbeprobedindepth.Ononehand,thefirstgroupisnottotallycorrectbecause____.Ontheotherhand,thesecondgroupseems____because____.

Inaword,wecanseeclearlythatthekeyliesin____.Otherwise_____.

Model

（2）

Itbecomesacommontendencythesedaysforpeopleto____.Manypeopleareopposedto____becausetheythink_____.Theyalsoarguethat____.

Inmymind,however,Ican’tagreewith____.Atthesametime,_____.Inaddition,______.

Inconclusion,______.

Model（3）

____hasbeenonemediumofcommunicationthathasconnectedallthepeoplearoundworld.Moreandmorepeopletendtoconcernthe____,becauseitisso_____that_____.

Theadvantagesof____areobvioustosomepeople.Foronething,intermsof____,_____.Asaresult,_____.Consequently,_____.Foranotherthing,_____.

Personally,Isidewiththeformeropinion.Because_____.However,_____.

Model（4）

Presently,onephenomenoncallsforpeople’sattentionthat____.

Ingeneral,______.Foronething,_____.（Forexample,_____.）Foranother,_____.

AsfarasIamconcerned,_____.Tosumup,_____.

3.解决方法类议论文

Model

（1）

Ifyou____,whatwillyoufeel?

Ofcourse,youwillfeel___because_____.Besidesthis,____.Foronething,____,Foranother,_____.

Noeasysolutioncanbetakentocopewiththeproblemof____,but____.Therefore,myviewpointisthat_____.Thereisnodoubtthat____.

Model

（2）

Mostofustodayrecognizethat____hasbeenagreatlyseriousproblem.Therefore,_____.

Fromabove,wecanfindthatthereasonswhy____,areasfollows,theprimaryreason,Ithink,_____.Forexample,_____.However,____.Second,_____.Thethirdreasonactuallyistheresultof____.

Therefore,_____.Moreover,_____.Let’smakeourgoodefforts,and_____.

议论文模板A

Thereisawidespreadconcernover文章所要讨论的话题.Theopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.观点一.Intheirviewstherearethreefactorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows.Inthefirstplace理由一.What’smore理由二Finally理由三

However观点二forthefollowingthreereasons.First原因一.Second原因二.Andwhat’sworse原因三.

Frommypointofview自己的观点.

议论文模板B

Thereisaheateddebateover.Itiscommonly/widelyacceptedthat.Incontrastothers.Thosewhoholdthefirstopinionsuggest.intheirview.

Howeverothersthink.Theyarguethat.

ConsideringoneafteranotherIstandonthesideof.Firstofall.Further-more.Thirdly.Therefore.

议论文模板C

Differentpeoplewillofferquitedifferentideas/views.Manypeopleholdtheviewthat.Howeverothersstronglysupport.Somemaydeclare/claim.Theysticktosuchanideabecause.

Incontrasttheobjectorsthink.Theyarguethat.First.Second.Lastbutnotleast__________.

AsfarasIamconcernedIagreeto.Inaword.