职称英语综合类教材新增文章.docx

职称英语综合类教材新增文章.docx

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职称英语综合类教材新增文章

2020年职称英语综合类教材新增文章

　　第二篇CommonQuestionsaboutDreams

　　Doeseveryonedream?

（环球网校2020年职称英语综合类教材新增文章汇总）

　　Yes.Researchshowsthatwealldream.WehaveourmostvividdreamsduringatypeofsleepcalledRapidEyeMovement（REM）sleep.DuringREMsleep,thebrainisveryactive.Theeyesmovequicklybackandforth1underthelids,andthelargemusclesofthebodyarerelaxed.REMsleepoccursevery90-100minutes,threetofourtimesanight,anditlastslongerasthenightgoeson.1Wedreamatothertimesduringthenight,too,butthosedreamsarelessvivid.

　　Dopeopleremembertheirdreams?

　　Afewpeopleremembertheirdreams.However,mostpeopleforgetnearlyeverythingthathappenedduringthenight一dreams,thoughts,andtheshortperiodsoftimewhentheywereawake.

　　2Itseemsthatthememoryofthedreamisnottotallylost，butforsomereasonitisveryhardtobringitback2.Ifyouwanttorememberyourdream,thebestthingtodoistowriteitdownassoonasyouwakeup.

　　Aredreamsincolor?

（环球网校2020年职称英语综合类教材新增文章汇总）

　　Mostdreamsareincolor.However，peoplemaynotbeawareofitfortworeasons：

Theydon’tusuallyrememberthedetailsoftheirdreams,ortheydon’tnoticethecolorbecauseitissuchanaturalpartofourlives.3

　　Dodreamshavemeaning?

　　Scientistscontinuetodebatethisissue.34Somepeopleusedreamstohelpthemlearnmoreabouttheirfeelings,thoughts,behavior,motives,andvalues.Othersfindthatdreamscanhelpthemsolveproblems.It’salsotruethatartists,writers,andscientistsoftengetcreativeideasfromdreams.

　　HowcanIlearntounderstandmydreams?

　　Themostimportantthingtorememberisthatyourdreamsarepersonal.Thepeople,actions,andsituationsinyourdreamsreflectyourexperience,yourthoughts,andyourfeelings.Somedreamexpertsbelievethattherearecertaintypesofdreamsthatmanypeoplehave,eveniftheycomefromdifferentculturesortimeperiods.Usually,however,thesamedreamwillhavedifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeople.Forexample，anelephantinadreammaymeanonethingtoazookeeperandsomethingverydifferenttoachildwhosefavoritetoyisastuffedelephant.5Thenlookforlinksbetweenyourdreamsandwhatishappeninginyourdailylife.Ifyouthinkhardandyouarepatient,perhapsthemeaningofyourdreamswillbecomeclearertoyou.

　　词汇：

　　vivid/'vivid/adj.清晰的，生动的，逼真的lid/lid/n.眼睑（=eyelid）motive/mautiv/n.动机stuffed/stAfit/adj.填充的，塞满了的

　　注释：

　　1.backandforth：

来回地，反复地。

　　2.bringitback：

回忆起它来。

bringback：

使回忆起来，带回来、拿回来，使恢复。

　　3.Scientistscontinuetodebatethisissue.科学家们持续地讨论这个问题。

“debate”作动词“争论,辩论,讨论”讲,既能够是不及物动词也能够是及物动词,作不及物动词时常与“about/on/upon”搭配。

　　练习：

　　AHowever,peoplewhospendtimethinkingabouttheirdreamsbelievethattheyaremeaningfulanduseful.

　　BThefinalREMperiodmaylastaslongas45minutes.

　　CPeoplewhoareveryawareofcolorwhentheyareawakeprobablynoticecolormoreoftenintheirdreams.

　　DOurmostpowerfuldreamsdon’thappenduringdeepsleep.

　　ETolearntounderstandyourdreams,thinkaboutwhateachpartofthedreammeanstoyouorremindsyouof.（环球网校2020年职称英语综合类教材新增文章汇总）

　　FSometimes,though,peoplesuddenlyrememberadreamlaterinthedayoronanotherday.答案与题解：

　　1.B文中第一部分主要介绍快速眼动睡眠期，而且前一句正好提到每晚快速眼动睡眠期的间隔时间、出现频率及其持续时间的情况。

　　2.F题目所在的前一句提到绝大部分人会忘记晚上所发生的几乎所有事情，而后一句中又提到人们对梦的记忆好像没有完全丢失，由此能够推断出中间这个句应该说的是人有时会记起自己的梦。

　　3.C文中第三部分提到梦是彩色的，前面主要讲的是人们可能意识不到这个问题以及意识不到的原因，由此能够推断后面应该会提到那些能够意识到这个问题的人。

所以，答案为C。

　　4.A文中第四部分讲的是梦的意义，纵观六个选项与部分主题相关的只有选项A,而且后面主要提到人们会利用梦做些什么，这也就意味着人们会思考他们的梦而且相信梦是有意义的。

　　5.E由第五部分的标题就能够锁定选项E,而且后一句讲的是要寻找梦与现实的联系，正好与选项E的意思相吻合。

　　注释：

　　1.backandforth：

来回地，反复地。

　　2.bringitback：

回忆起它来。

bringback：

使回忆起来，带回来、拿回来，使恢复。

　　3.Scientistscontinuetodebatethisissue.科学家们持续地讨论这个问题。

“debate”作动词“争论,辩论,讨论”讲,既能够是不及物动词也能够是及物动词,作不及物动词时常与“about/on/upon”搭配。

　　练习：

　　AHowever,peoplewhospendtimethinkingabouttheirdreamsbelievethattheyaremeaningfulanduseful.

　　BThefinalREMperiodmaylastaslongas45minutes.

　　CPeoplewhoareveryawareofcolorwhentheyareawakeprobablynoticecolormoreoftenintheirdreams.

　　DOurmostpowerfuldreamsdon’thappenduringdeepsleep.

　　ETolearntounderstandyourdreams,thinkaboutwhateachpartofthedreammeanstoyouorremindsyouof.

　　FSometimes,though,peoplesuddenlyrememberadreamlaterinthedayoronanotherday.答案与题解：

　　1.B文中第一部分主要介绍快速眼动睡眠期，而且前一句正好提到每晚快速眼动睡眠期的间隔时间、出现频率及其持续时间的情况。

　　2.F题目所在的前一句提到绝大部分人会忘记晚上所发生的几乎所有事情，而后一句中又提到人们对梦的记忆好像没有完全丢失，由此能够推断出中间这个句应该说的是人有时会记起自己的梦。

　　3.C文中第三部分提到梦是彩色的，前面主要讲的是人们可能意识不到这个问题以及意识不到的原因，由此能够推断后面应该会提到那些能够意识到这个问题的人。

所以，答案为C。

　　4.A文中第四部分讲的是梦的意义，纵观六个选项与部分主题相关的只有选项A,而且后面主要提到人们会利用梦做些什么，这也就意味着人们会思考他们的梦而且相信梦是有意义的。

　　5.E由第五部分的标题就能够锁定选项E,而且后一句讲的是要寻找梦与现实的联系，正好与选项E的意思相吻合。

　　注释：

　　1.backandforth：

来回地，反复地。

　　2.bringitback：

回忆起它来。

bringback：

使回忆起来，带回来、拿回来，使恢复。

　　3.Scientistscontinuetodebatethisissue.科学家们持续地讨论这个问题。

“debate”作动词“争论,辩论,讨论”讲,既能够是不及物动词也能够是及物动词,作不及物动词时常与“about/on/upon”搭配。

　　练习：

　　AHowever,peoplewhospendtimethinkingabouttheirdreamsbelievethattheyaremeaningfulanduseful.

　　BThefinalREMperiodmaylastaslongas45minutes.

　　CPeoplewhoareveryawareofcolorwhentheyareawakeprobablynoticecolormoreoftenintheirdreams.

　　DOurmostpowerfuldreamsdon’thappenduringdeepsleep.

　　ETolearntounderstandyourdreams,thinkaboutwhateachpartofthedreammeanstoyouorremindsyouof.

　　FSometimes,though,peoplesuddenlyrememberadreamlaterinthedayoronanotherday.

　　第三篇BabyTalk

　　Babiesnormallystarttotalkwhentheyare13to15monthsold.RyanJonesisonlyeightmonthsold,butheisalready“talking”withhisparents.Whenlieishungry,heopensandcloseshishand.Thismeansmilk.Healsoknowsthesignsforhisfavoritetoyandthewordmore.

　　Ryanisnotdeaf,andhisparentsarenotdeaf,buthismotherandfatherareteachinghimtosign.Theysayawordandmakeasignatthesametime.Theyrepeatthisagainandagain.When1Ryan’sparentsthinkthathewillbeahappierbabybecausehecancommunicatewiththem.

　　RyansparentsareteachingRyantosignbecauseofamannamedJosephGarcia.AlthoughGarciawasnotfromadeaffamily,hedecidedtolearnAmericanSignLanguage（ASL）.First,hetookcoursesinASL.Thenhegotajobhelpingdeafpeoplecommunicatewithhearingpeople.Inhiswork,hesawmanydeafparentssigntotheirinfants.Henoticedthatthesebabieswereabletocommunicatemuchearlierthanhearingchildren.2Whentheywereoneyearold,theycoulduseasmanyas50signs.

　　Garciadecidedtotrysomethingnew.HetaughtASLtoparentswhowerenotdeaf.Thefamiliesstartedtoteachsignstotheirinfantswhentheyweresixorsevenmonthsold.3MoreandmoreparentstookGarcia’sASLclasses.LikeRyan’sfamily,theywereexcitedaboutsigningwiththeirbabies.Theywantedtogivetheirbabiesawaytocommunicatebeforetheycouldusespokenwords.

　　Somepeopleworryaboutsigningtobabies.Theyareafraidthatthesebabieswon’tfeelaneedtotalk.Maybetheywilldevelopspokenlanguagelaterthanotherbabies.4Infact,onestudyfoundjusttheopposite.Signingbabiesactuallylearnedtospeakearlierthanotherchildren.Astheygrowolder,thesechildrenaremoreinterestedinbooks.Theyalsoscorehigheronintelligencetests1.

　　Thereisstillabigquestionforparents：

Whicharethebestsignstoteachtheirbabies?

Someparentsmaketheirownsigns.OtherparentswanttoteachASL.5There’snoclearanswer，butwedoknowthis：

Allsigningbabiesandtheirfamiliesaretalkingquitealot!

　　词汇：

　　normally/'n3：

m（3）li/adv.正常地;通常地，一般地infant/'infant/n.婴儿;幼儿;未成年人communicate/k3'mju：

nikeit/通信;交流;感染opposite/bpszit/adj.相反的;n.对立面，反义词

　　注释：

　　1.intelligencetest：

智力测试

　　练习：

　　AHowever,researchdoesnotshowthis.

　　BAllparentswanttoteachbabiestosign.

　　CRyanlearnsanewsign,hisfamilyisveryexcited.

　　DThesebabiesstartedusingsignsabouttwomonthslater.

　　EItcanbeusefulbecausemanypeopleunderstandit.

　　FTheytalkedwithsignsbythetimetheywereeightmonthsold.

　　第七篇TheApgarTest

　　Thebabywasbomat3：

36p.m.At3：

37，shescored4outof10onherfirsttest.At3：

41，shescored8outof10.Thedoctorwasglad.

　　Anotherbaby,bomat8：

24p.m.，scored3outof10onhisfirsttest.Hescored4outof10onhissecondtest.Hetookanothertestat8：

34andscored5.1Hecalledforhelp1.

　　ThesenewbornbabiestookatestcalledtheApgartest.Thistesthelpsdoctorsdiagnoseproblems.2Mostbabiestaketwotests.Thefirstisat1minuteafterbirth,andthesecondisat5minutesafterbirth.Ifababy’sscoreat5minutesislessthan6，thebabytakesanothertestat10minutesafterbirth.

　　TheApgartestisnotanintelligencetest.It’satestthatshowsababy’shealthrightafteritisbom.TheApgartestmeasuresthingssuchasababy’scolor,heartrate,andbreathing.Thetesthasfiveparts,andthescoreforeachpartcanbe0，1，or2.3

　　AdoctornamedVirginiaApgardevelopedthetest.ApgarwenttomedicalschoolatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCityin1929.Shefacedmanychallengesbecauseshewasthefirstwomanintheprogram.However,shewasoneofthebeststudentsinherclass.Aftermedicalschool，shestartedtreatingpatients2.

　　Apgaralsobecamearesearcherinanesthesiology,anewtopicinmedicineatthetime3.Duringherstudies,shelearnedhowtogivepatientsanesthesia.4

　　Inthe1940s，manywomenstartedtohaveanesthesiawhentheygavebirth.Apgarhadaquestion：

Howdoesanesthesiaaffectnewbornbabies?

In1949，whenApgarwasaprofessoratColumbia’smedicalschool,shecreatedhersimple