职称英语综合类教材新增文章.docx

1、职称英语综合类教材新增文章2020年职称英语综合类教材新增文章第二篇 Common Questions about DreamsDoes everyone dream?(环球网校2020年职称英语综合类教材新增文章汇总)Yes. Research shows that we all dream. We have our most vivid dreams during a type of sleep called Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. During REM sleep, the brain is very active. The eyes move q

2、uickly back and forth1 under the lids, and the large muscles of the body are relaxed. REM sleep occurs every 90-100 minutes, three to four times a night, and it lasts longer as the night goes on. 1 We dream at other times during the night, too, but those dreams are less vivid.Do people remember thei

3、r dreams?A few people remember their dreams. However, most people forget nearly everything that happened during the night 一 dreams, thoughts, and the short periods of time when they were awake.2 It seems that the memory of the dream is not totally lost，but for some reason it is very hard to bring it

4、 back2. If you want to remember your dream, the best thing to do is to write it down as soon as you wake up.Are dreams in color?(环球网校2020年职称英语综合类教材新增文章汇总)Most dreams are in color. However，people may not be aware of it for two reasons ： They dont usually remember the details of their dreams, or they

5、dont notice the color because it is such a natural part of our lives. 3Do dreams have meaning?Scientists continue to debate this issue.3 4 Some people use dreams to help them learn more about their feelings, thoughts, behavior, motives, and values. Others find that dreams can help them solve problem

6、s. Its also true that artists, writers, and scientists often get creative ideas from dreams.How can I learn to understand my dreams?The most important thing to remember is that your dreams are personal. The people, actions, and situations in your dreams reflect your experience, your thoughts, and yo

7、ur feelings. Some dream experts believe that there are certain types of dreams that many people have, even if they come from different cultures or time periods. Usually, however, the same dream will have different meanings for different people. For example，an elephant in a dream may mean one thing t

8、o a zookeeper and something very different to a child whose favorite toy is a stuffed elephant. 5 Then look for links between your dreams and what is happening in your daily life. If you think hard and you are patient, perhaps the meaning of your dreams will become clearer to you.词汇：vivid /vivid/ ad

9、j.清晰的，生动的，逼真的 lid /lid/ n.眼睑(=eyelid) motive /mautiv/ n.动机 stuffed /stAfit/ adj.填充的，塞满了的注释：1. back and forth：来回地，反复地。2. bring it back：回忆起它来。bring back：使回忆起来，带回来、拿回来，使恢复。3. Scientists continue to debate this issue.科学家们持续地讨论这个问题。“debate”作动词“争 论,辩论,讨论”讲,既能够是不及物动词也能够是及物动词,作不及物动词时常与“about/ on/upon” 搭配。练习

10、：A However, people who spend time thinking about their dreams believe that they are meaningful and useful.B The final REM period may last as long as 45 minutes.C People who are very aware of color when they are awake probably notice color more often in their dreams.D Our most powerful dreams dont ha

11、ppen during deep sleep.E To learn to understand your dreams, think about what each part of the dream means to you or reminds you of.(环球网校2020年职称英语综合类教材新增文章汇总)F Sometimes, though, people suddenly remember a dream later in the day or on another day. 答案与题解：1. B文中第一部分主要介绍快速眼动睡眠期，而且前一句正好提到每晚快速眼动睡眠期的 间隔时间

12、、出现频率及其持续时间的情况。2. F题目所在的前一句提到绝大部分人会忘记晚上所发生的几乎所有事情，而后一句中又提 到人们对梦的记忆好像没有完全丢失，由此能够推断出中间这个句应该说的是人有时会记 起自己的梦。3. C文中第三部分提到梦是彩色的，前面主要讲的是人们可能意识不到这个问题以及意识 不到的原因，由此能够推断后面应该会提到那些能够意识到这个问题的人。所以，答案为 C。4. A文中第四部分讲的是梦的意义，纵观六个选项与部分主题相关的只有选项A,而且后 面主要提到人们会利用梦做些什么，这也就意味着人们会思考他们的梦而且相信梦是有意 义的。5. E由第五部分的标题就能够锁定选项E,而且后一句讲

13、的是要寻找梦与现实的联系，正 好与选项E的意思相吻合。注释：1. back and forth：来回地，反复地。2. bring it back：回忆起它来。bring back：使回忆起来，带回来、拿回来，使恢复。3. Scientists continue to debate this issue.科学家们持续地讨论这个问题。“debate”作动词“争 论,辩论,讨论”讲,既能够是不及物动词也能够是及物动词,作不及物动词时常与“about/ on/upon” 搭配。练习：A However, people who spend time thinking about their dreams

14、 believe that they are meaningful and useful.B The final REM period may last as long as 45 minutes.C People who are very aware of color when they are awake probably notice color more often in their dreams.D Our most powerful dreams dont happen during deep sleep.E To learn to understand your dreams,

15、think about what each part of the dream means to you or reminds you of.F Sometimes, though, people suddenly remember a dream later in the day or on another day. 答案与题解：1. B文中第一部分主要介绍快速眼动睡眠期，而且前一句正好提到每晚快速眼动睡眠期的 间隔时间、出现频率及其持续时间的情况。2. F题目所在的前一句提到绝大部分人会忘记晚上所发生的几乎所有事情，而后一句中又提 到人们对梦的记忆好像没有完全丢失，由此能够推断出中间这个句

16、应该说的是人有时会记 起自己的梦。3. C文中第三部分提到梦是彩色的，前面主要讲的是人们可能意识不到这个问题以及意识 不到的原因，由此能够推断后面应该会提到那些能够意识到这个问题的人。所以，答案为 C。4. A文中第四部分讲的是梦的意义，纵观六个选项与部分主题相关的只有选项A,而且后 面主要提到人们会利用梦做些什么，这也就意味着人们会思考他们的梦而且相信梦是有意 义的。5. E由第五部分的标题就能够锁定选项E,而且后一句讲的是要寻找梦与现实的联系，正 好与选项E的意思相吻合。注释：1. back and forth：来回地，反复地。2. bring it back：回忆起它来。bring ba

17、ck：使回忆起来，带回来、拿回来，使恢复。3. Scientists continue to debate this issue.科学家们持续地讨论这个问题。“debate”作动词“争 论,辩论,讨论”讲,既能够是不及物动词也能够是及物动词,作不及物动词时常与“about/ on/upon” 搭配。练习：A However, people who spend time thinking about their dreams believe that they are meaningful and useful.B The final REM period may last as long as

18、 45 minutes.C People who are very aware of color when they are awake probably notice color more often in their dreams.D Our most powerful dreams dont happen during deep sleep.E To learn to understand your dreams, think about what each part of the dream means to you or reminds you of.F Sometimes, tho

19、ugh, people suddenly remember a dream later in the day or on another day.第三篇 Baby TalkBabies normally start to talk when they are 13 to 15 months old. Ryan Jones is only eight months old, but he is already “talking” with his parents. When lie is hungry, he opens and closes his hand. This means milk.

20、 He also knows the signs for his favorite toy and the word more.Ryan is not deaf, and his parents are not deaf, but his mother and father are teaching him to sign. They say a word and make a sign at the same time. They repeat this again and again. When 1 Ryans parents think that he will be a happier

21、 baby because he can communicate with them.Ryan s parents are teaching Ryan to sign because of a man named Joseph Garcia. Although Garcia was not from a deaf family, he decided to learn American Sign Language (ASL). First, he took courses in ASL. Then he got a job helping deaf people communicate wit

22、h hearing people. In his work, he saw many deaf parents sign to their infants. He noticed that these babies were able to communicate much earlier than hearing children. 2 When they were one year old, they could use as many as 50 signs.Garcia decided to try something new. He taught ASL to parents who

23、 were not deaf. The families started to teach signs to their infants when they were six or seven months old. 3 More and more parents took Garcias ASL classes. Like Ryans family, they were excited about signing with their babies. They wanted to give their babies a way to communicate before they could

24、 use spoken words.Some people worry about signing to babies. They are afraid that these babies wont feel a need to talk. Maybe they will develop spoken language later than other babies. 4 In fact, one study found just the opposite. Signing babies actually learned to speak earlier than other children

25、. As they grow older, these children are more interested in books. They also score higher on intelligence tests1.There is still a big question for parents： Which are the best signs to teach their babies? Some parents make their own signs. Other parents want to teach ASL. 5 Theres no clear answer， bu

26、t we do know this： All signing babies and their families are talking quite a lot!词汇：normally /n3：m(3)li/ adv.正常地;通常地，一般地 infant /infant / n.婴儿;幼儿;未成年人 communicate /k3mju：nikeit/ 通信;交流;感染 opposite /bpszit/ adj.相反的;n.对立面，反义词注释：1. intelligence test：智力测试练习：A However, research does not show this.B All pa

27、rents want to teach babies to sign.C Ryan learns a new sign, his family is very excited.D These babies started using signs about two months later.E It can be useful because many people understand it.F They talked with signs by the time they were eight months old.第七篇 The Apgar TestThe baby was bom at

28、 3：36 p. m. At 3：37，she scored 4 out of 10 on her first test. At 3：41，she scored 8 out of 10. The doctor was glad.Another baby, bom at 8：24 p. m.，scored 3 out of 10 on his first test. He scored 4 out of 10 on his second test. He took another test at 8：34 and scored 5. 1 He called for help1.These new

29、born babies took a test called the Apgar test. This test helps doctors diagnose problems. 2 Most babies take two tests. The first is at 1 minute after birth, and the second is at 5 minutes after birth. If a babys score at 5 minutes is less than 6，the baby takes another test at 10 minutes after birth

30、.The Apgar test is not an intelligence test. Its a test that shows a babys health right after it is bom. The Apgar test measures things such as a babys color, heart rate, and breathing. The test has five parts, and the score for each part can be 0，1，or 2. 3A doctor named Virginia Apgar developed the

31、 test. Apgar went to medical school at Columbia University in New York City in 1929. She faced many challenges because she was the first woman in the program. However, she was one of the best students in her class. After medical school，she started treating patients2.Apgar also became a researcher in

32、 anesthesiology, a new topic in medicine at the time3. During her studies, she learned how to give patients anesthesia. 4In the 1940s，many women started to have anesthesia when they gave birth. Apgar had a question： How does anesthesia affect newborn babies? In 1949，when Apgar was a professor at Columbias medical school, she created her simple