精品高考英语二轮题海特训营10阅读理解词义猜测二.docx

精品高考英语二轮题海特训营10阅读理解词义猜测二.docx

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精品高考英语二轮题海特训营10阅读理解词义猜测二

阅读理解-词义猜测二

1、   Supportivetextmessagescandoublethechanceofsomeonesuccessfullyquittingsmoking,accordingtoUKresearchers.

   Thestudy,publishedinTheLancet,calledfortextstobeincludedinservicestohelppeoplekickthehabit.

   Otherscientistssaidatextservicecouldbeofferedglobally.

   Accordingtogovernmentstatisticstwo-thirdsofUKsmokerssaytheywanttostop.

   Thisstudylookedat5,800ofthem.Supportivetextsweresentto2,915ofthesmokersforsixmonths.Therestreceivedonlymessagesthankingthemfortakingpart.

   Theyweresentfivetextsadayforthefirstfiveweeksandthenthreeaweekforthenext26weeks.

   Participantscouldalsotextbackforspecificadvicewhentheyhadstrongdesireorhadbeguntosmokeagain.

   Salivatestsforcotinine,whichismadewhennicotineisbrokendownbythebody,weretakentodetermineifpeoplehadreallygivenup.

   Aftersixmonths,10.7%ofthosereceivingtextshadquit—doubletheproportionamongthosedoingitontheirown.

   DrCarolineFree,wholedthetxt2stoptrialattheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine,said:

"Textmessagesareaveryconvenientwayforsmokerstoreceivesupporttoquit."

   "Peopledescribedtxt2stopasbeinglikehavingafriendencouragingthemoranangelontheirshoulder.”

   "Ithelpedpeopleresistthetemptationtosmoke.

   TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysnearlysixmilliondieeachyearbecauseofsmoking,mostlyinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.

   “Thelessonslearnedfromthetxt2stoptrialcould…notonlyprovideanewapproachtostopinhigh-incomeandmiddle-incomecountries,butcouldalsoprovideausefulstartingpointforimplementingbehaviouralchangeinresource-poorsettings."

   Ithasalsobeensuggestedsimilartextmessagescouldbeusedtohelppeoplemodifyotherbehaviour.

1.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TextMessagesHelpSmokersQuit

B.HowtoQuitSmokingEffectively

C.SmokingIsVeryHarmfultoHealth

D.TheFunctionofTextMessages

2.Howdidtheresearchersjudgeifaparticipanthadreallygivenup?

A.Bysendingtextmessagestotheparticipant.

B.Bymakingsalivatestsforcotinine.

C.Byobservingtheparticipantforfiveweeks.

D.Bymakingaquestionnaire.

3.Theunderlined“It”inthepassagerefersto______.

A.afriend

B.txt2stop

C.anangel

D.quittingsmoking

4.Inwhichpartofawebsitemaythepassageappear?

A.Entertainment.

B.Advertisement.

C.Education.

D.Health.

2、   TheInternethasledtoahugeincreaseincreditcard（信用卡）fraud.Yourcardinformationcouldevenbeforsaleinanillegalwebsite（非法网站）.

   Websitesofferingcheapgoodsandservicesshouldberegardedwithcare.

   On-lineshopperswhoentertheircreditcardinformationmayneverreceivethegoodstheythoughttheybought.Thethievesthengoshoppingwithyourcardnumber—orselltheinformationovertheInternet.Computerhackers（黑客）havebrokendownsecurity（安全）systems,raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofcardholderinformation.Severalmonthsago,25,000customersofCDUniverse,anon-linemusicretailer（零售商）,werenotlucky.Theirnames,addressesandcreditcardnumberswerepostedonawebsiteaftertheretailerrefusedtopayUS$157,828togetbacktheinformation.

   Creditcardfirmsarenowfightingagainston-linefraud.MastercardisworkingonplansforWeb-onlycreditcard,withalowercreditlimit.Thecardcouldbeusedonlyforshoppingon-line.However,thereareafewsimplestepsyoucantaketokeepfrombeingcheated（欺骗）.

   Askaboutyourcreditcardfirm'son-linerules:

UnderBritishlawtcardholdershavetopaythefirstUS$78ofanyfraudulent（欺骗性的）spending.

   Andshoponlyatsecuresites;sendyourcreditcardinformationonlyifthewebsiteoffersadvancedsecuresystem.

   Ifthesecurityisinplace,aletterwillappearinthebottomright-handcornerofyourscreen.Thewebsiteaddressmayalsostarthttps:

//—theextra“s”standsforsecure.Ifindoubt,giveyourcreditcardinformationoverthetelephone.

   Keepyourpassword（密码）safe:

Moston-linesitesrequireausernameandpasswordbeforeplacinganorder.Treatyourpasswordwithcare.

1.WhatdomostpeopleworryabouttheInternetaccordingtothispassage?

A.AlotofstolencreditcardsweresoldontheInternet.

B.FraudontheInternet.

C.Manywebsitesaredestroyed.

D.ManyillegalwebsitesareontheInternet.

2.Whatisthemeaningof“fraud”?

A.Cheating.

B.Sale.

C.Payment.

D.Safety.

3.Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthepassagegivetoyou?

A.Four.

B.Three.

C.Five.

D.Six.

4.Youareshoppingonthesite:

http:

//www.Shopping,com,andyouwanttobuyaTVset,whatdoesthisarticlesuggesttodo?

A.OrdertheTVsetatonce.

B.DonotbuytheTVsetonthissite.

C.E-mailthesiteyourcreditcardinformation.

D.TellthesiteyourpasswordandbuytheTVsetforyou.

3、   Atschool,Iwasinthetopsetformaths.MyteachersrecommendedthatIstudyeconomicsandstatisticsasmyA-levelsubjects,butIhadmymindsetonalifefulfilledbythearts.

   Infact,Iwasavictimofagenderstereotypemadestrongersincebirth,thatmendoscienceandmathsandwomendoartsorlanguages.Computerscience,technologyandphysicsjustdidnotfigureinmyteenageworldview.Nobodypopularinmyschoolchosetostudythosesubjects.

   RealitystruckhardwhenIbeganattendingjobinterviewsandinterviewerswouldsay:

“It’sgreatthatyouspeakforeignlanguages,butwhatelsedoyoudo?

”Nobodyaskedmyfriendswhohadstudiedscienceortechnologythosequestions.

   Asurveyrecentlyshowedthatthreeofthebest-paidjobsforwomenarcinthetechnologysector.It’sasectorthatreallycanchangetheworld.Wemustshowgirlsthattechnologyhasaneffectoneveryindustryoutthere,fromfashiontoarchitecturetojournalism.Anybodycanlearntocodeandthesedaysit’sasimportantasreadingandwriting.I’verealizedthatatuniversityI’dachievedthewrongkindofliteracy.Notbeingabletocodelimityourimpactontheworldfarmorethananignoranceofgreatliterature.

   NowIhaveafive-year-olddaughter.Idon’twanthertoblindlyfollowgenderrolesthewayIdid.Iwanthertoknowthefactthatascienceortechnicaldegreewillnotlimithercreativitybutexpanditandbroadenherhorizonsfarmorethanmyartsbackgroundcould.I’mexposinghertoMinecraftandapps,whichhelpimproveanalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvingskills.I’mhopingthatmydaughterwilldiscoverandacceptherpotentialsinscienceandwanttochangetheworld.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“genderstereotype”inParagraph2referto?

A.Personallearningstyle.

B.Sexcharacteristic.

C.Conventionalsexconcept.

D.Professiondifference.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichmaybethebenefitoflearningscience?

A.Increasingjobpossibility.

B.Winningpopularity.

C.Improvinglanguagecompetence.

D.Enrichingimagination.

3.Howdidtheauthorfeelforhermajorchoice?

A.Satisfied.

B.Active.

C.Discouraged.

D.Regretful.

4.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ArtorScience,EitherisOK

B.GoodSubjects,GoodFuture

C.Girls,ChooseMoreWisely

D.CatchChances,ChangetheWorld

4、   Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.

   Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

   Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber（中位数）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

   Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction（消亡）,withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon（eightremainingspeakers）,ChiapanecoinMexico（150）,LipanApacheintheUnitedStates（twoorthree）orWadjiguinAustralia（one,withaquestion-mark）:

noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

1.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?

A.Theydevelopedveryfast.

B.Theywerelargeinnumber.

C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.

D.Theywerecloselyconnected.

2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Complex.

B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.

D.Modern.

3.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6,800

B.About3,400

C.About2,400

D.About1,200

4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B.People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

5、Witharound100stud