职称英语《理工B》真题及答案文字版.docx
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职称英语《理工B》真题及答案文字版
2015年职称英语考试
《理工B》真题及答案
1.【题干】Theorganizationwas bold enoughtofacethepress
【选项】
A.pleased
B.powerful
C.brave
D.sensible
【答案】C
2.【题干】Iwillnot tolerate thatsortofbehaviorinmyclass.
【选项】
A.accept
B.control
C.observe
D.regulate
【答案】A
3.【题干】Irealizedtomy horror thatIhadforgottenthepresent.
【选项】
A.limit
B.fear
C.power
D.fool
【答案】B
4.【题干】Mostpeoplefind rejection hardtoaccept.
【选项】
A.excuse
B.client
C.destiny
D.refusal
【答案】D
5.【题干】She'sextremelycompetentand industrious.
【选项】
A.hardworking
B.honest
C.objective
D.independent
【答案】A
6.【题干】Thedoctorsdidnot reveal thetruthtohim.
【选项】
A.hide
B.handle
C.disclose
D.establish
【答案】C
7.【题干】Hetriedtoassemblehisthoughts.
【选项】
A.clear
B.share
C.gather
D.spare
【答案】C
8.【题干】Thelawcarriesapenaltyofuptothreeyearsinprison.
【选项】
A.message
B.punishment
C.guilt
D.obligation
【答案】B
9.【题干】Prisonerswerekeptinthemost appalling conditions.
【选项】
A.flexible
B.terrible
C.reasonable
D.serious
【答案】B
10.【题干】Theseproductsare inferior tothosewebroughtlastyear.
【选项】
A.poorerthan
B.narrowerthan
C.largerthan
D.richerthan
【答案】A
11.【题干】Thepoliticalsituationintheregionhas deteriorated rapidly.
【选项】
A.improved
B.changed
C.worsened
D.developed
【答案】C
12.【题干】Therewasa simultaneous trialtakingplaceinthenextbuilding.
【选项】
A.coexisting
B.fair
C.full
D.pubic
【答案】A
13.【题干】They’re petitioning forbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledonpublictransport.
【选项】
A.requesting
B.planning
C.preparing
D.looking
【答案】A
14.【题干】Hesaidsome harsh wordsabouthisbrother.
【选项】
A.unkind
B.proper
C.normal
D.unclear
【答案】A
15.【题干】Wewereattractedbythe lure ofquickmoney.
【选项】
A.amount
B.supply
C.sum
D.temp
【答案】D
ADHDLinkedtoAirPollutants
Childrenhaveanincreasedofattentionproblems,seenasearlyasgradeschool.Iftheirnosesinhaled（吸入）acertaintypeofairpollutionwhentheywerepregnant.That'sthefindingofanewstudy.Releasedwhenthingsaren'tburnedcompletely,thispollutionisknownaspolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons,orPAHs.ThebiggestsourcesofthesePAHs:
theburningoffossilfuels,woodandtrash.
FredericaPereraworksatColumbiaUniversity'sMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthisNewYorkCity.Sheresearcheshowexposuretothingsintheenvironmentaffectschildren'shealthinanewstudy,sheandherteamstudiedtheexposuretoairpollutionof233nonsmokingpregnantwomeninNewYorkCity.Becauseburningtobaccocanspew（排放）PAHsintotheairandlungs,Perera'steamfocusedonnonsmokers.Theresearcherswantedtoprobe（探查）othersourcesofPAHs,onesthat'swouldhavebeenhardforanindividualtoavoid.
Theteamstartedbytestingthebloodofeachwomanduringpregnancy.ThereasonAnyPAHsinawoman'sbloodwouldalsobeavailabletothebabyinherwomb.Nineyearslater,theresearchersinvestigatedsignsofattentionproblemsinthosechildren,nowage9.Theyaskedeachchild'smotheraseriesofquestions.Theseincludedwhateverherchildhadproblemsdoingthingsthatneededsustained（长期的）mentaleffort,suchashomeworkorgameswithfriends.Thescientistsalsoaskedifthekidshadtroublefollowinginstructionsormadefrequent,carelessmistakes.AllofthesecanbesymptomsofadisordercalledAttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,orADHD.AboutoneinU.S.childrenhasADHD.
Amongthewomenstudied,trafficandhomeheatingweretheprimarysourcesofairpollutionexposure,Pereraandherteamsuspect.SomeofthesewomenhadlowlevelsofPAHsintheirblood.Ohtershadhighlevels.Thosewithhighlevelswerefivetimesaslikelytohavechildrenwhoshowedattentionproblemsbyage9.ThenewfindingswerepublishedNovember5inthejournalPLOSONE.
16.【题干】PereraandherteamchosenonsmokingpregnantwomenalloverAmerica.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】B
17.【题干】ThemainpurposeoftheresearchwastofindouthowexposuretoPAHsplayedaroleinharmingthesubjects'physicalhealth.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】B
18.【题干】NonsmokingmotherswereselectedbecausetheeffectofsmokingonPAHswasunclear.
【选项】B
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】B
19.【题干】Thebloodofeachwomanwastestedonceamonthduringpregnancy.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】C
20.【题干】KidswithADHDcommonlyfailinschool.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】C
21.【题干】ThewomenwithhighlevelsofPAHsintheirbloodweremorelikelytohavekidswithADHD.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】A
22.【题干】TrafficandhomeheatingwereconsideredtobethebiggestsourcesofPAHsforthesubjectsintheresearch.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】A
第3部分：
概况大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试认识：
（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;
（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
FirstImage-recognitionssoftware
1）DartmouthresearchersandtheircolleagueshavecreatedanartificialintelligencesoftwarethatusesphotostolocatedocumentsontheInternetwithfargreateraccuracythaneverbefore.
2）Thenewsystem,witchwastestedonphotosandisnowbeingappliedtovideos,showsforthefirsttimethatamachinelearningalgorithm（运算法则）forimagerecognitionandretrievalisaccurateandefficientienoughtoimprovelarge-scaledocumentsearchesonline.Thesystemusespixel（像素）datainimagesandpotentiallyvideo—ratherthanjusttext—tolocatedocuments.Itlearnstorecognizethepixelsassociatedwithasearchphrasebystudyingtheresultsfromtext-basedimagesearchengines.Theknowledgegleaned（收集）fromthoseresultscanthenbeappliedtootherphotoswithouttagsorcaptions（图片说明）,makingformoreaccuratedocumentsearchresults.
3）“Overthelast30years,”saysAssociateProfessorKorenzoTorresani,aco-authorofthestudy,”thewebhasevolvedfromasmallcollectionofmostlytextdocumentstoamodern,massive,fast-growingmultimediadatastet,wherenearlyeverypageincludesmultiplepicturesofvideos.WhenapersonlooksataWebpage,heimmediatelygetthegist（主旨）ofitbylookingatthepicturesinit.Yet,sruprisingly,allexistingpopularsearchengine,suchasGoogleorBing,stripawaytheinformationcontainedinthephotosanduseexclusivelythetextofWedpagestoperformthedocumentretrieval.Ourstudyisthefirsttoshowthatmodernmachinevisionsystemsareaccurateandefficientenoughtomakeeffectiveuseoftheinformationcontainedinimagepixelstoimprovedocumentsearch.”
4）Theresearchersdesignedandtestedamachinevisionsystem—atypeofartificialintelligencethatallowscomputerstolearnwithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed—thatextractssemantic（语义的）informationfrompixelsofphotosinWebpages.ThisinformationgisusedtoenrichthedescriptionoftheHTMLpageusedbysearchenginesfordocumentretrieval.Theresearcherstestedtheirapproachusingmorethan600searchqueries（查询）onadatabaseof50millionWedpages.Theyselectedthetext-retrievalsearchenginewiththebestperformanceandmodifiedittomakeuseoftheadditionalsemanticinformationextractedbytheirmethodfromthepicturesoftheWebpages.Theyfoundthtthisproduceda30percentimprovementinprecisionovertheoriginalsearchenginepurelybasedontext.
23.【题干】Paragraph1_____
【选项】
A.Popularityofthenewsystem
B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery
C.Functionofthenewsystem
D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated
E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines
F.Improvementiindocumentretrieval
【答案】D
24.【题干】Paragraph2_____
【选项】
A.Popularityofthenewsystem
B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery
C.Functionofthenewsystem
D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated
E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines
F.Improvementiindocumentretrieval
【答案】C
25.【题干】Paragraph3_____
【选项】
A.Popularityofthenewsystem
B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery
C.Functionofthenewsystem
D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated
E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines
F.Improvementiindocumentretrieval
【答案】E
26.【题干】Paragraph4_____
【选项】
A.Popularityofthenewsystem
B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery
C.Functionofthenewsystem
D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated
E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines
F.Improvementiindocumentretrieval
【答案】F
27.【题干】Thenewsystemdoesdocumentretrievalby_____.
【选项】
A.informationinimages
B.currentpopularsearchengines
C.usingphotos
D.machinevisionsystems
E.documentsearch
F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage
【答案】C
28.【题干】Thenewsystemisexpectedtoimproveprecisionin_____.
【选项】
A.informationinimages
B.currentpopularsearchengines
C.usingphotos
D.machinevisionsystems
E.documentsearch
F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage
【答案】E
29.【题干】Whenperformingdocumentretrievaltheexistingsearchenginesignore_____.
【选项】
A.informationinimages
B.currentpopularsearchengines
C.usingphotos
D.machinevisionsystems
E.documentsearch
F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage
【答案】A
30.【题干】Thenewsystemwasfoundmoreeffectiveindocumentsearchthanthe_____.
【选项】
A.informationinimages
B.currentpopularsearchengines
C.usingphotos
D.machinevisionsystems
E.documentsearch
F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage
【答案】B
WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?
Whenpeopleargueaboutwheth
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