人教版必修三Unit4《Astronomythescienceofthestars》word学案.docx

人教版必修三Unit4《Astronomythescienceofthestars》word学案.docx

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人教版必修三Unit4《Astronomythescienceofthestars》word学案

Book3Unit4　Astronomy：

thescienceofthestars　

Ⅰ.关键词汇

1．Thehenwasoldanditstopped____________（下蛋）eggs.

2.Theidea____________（存在）onlyinthemindsofusyoungpeople.

3．Doyouthinkoureducation____________（制度）needsimproving?

4．The____________（气候）ofsouthernFloridaattractsthousandsoftouristseachwinter.

5．Withoutpracticetherewouldbeno____________（理论）．

6．ProfessorLihassolvedthe____________（难题）andeveryoneischeering.

7．Mars’__________（万有引力）isonlyabout38%ofEarth’s.

8．Raisingyourchildtotellthedifferencebetweenrightandwrongisoneofthef____________tasksofparenthood.

9．用harm的适当形式填空

（1）Airpollutionwillgetworseandthiswillbe____topeople，forexample，itcancausecancer.

（2）Rubbishcanbechangedinto____________things.

（3）Don’t____________youreyesbyreadinginthedimlight.

10.Lastnightwehadadiscussion，whichbecamemoreandmore____________.Finallywereachedanagreementthatwewillneveruse____________whateverhappens.（violent）

关键短语

1．________________下蛋

2．________________　　及时，终于

3．________________产生；分娩

4．________________轮到某人；接着

5．________________阻止；制止

6．________________挡住（光线）

7．________________感到高兴；感到振奋

8．________________既然

9．________________突发；爆发

10．________________密切注视；当心；提防

重点句式

1．________________wasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.

随后它会变成什么没有人知道，直到38～45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。

2．Theearthbecame____________itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.

地球变得如此猛烈，以至于它的形状能否持久还不清楚。

3．Thisproducedachainreaction，which__________________.

这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命有可能发展了。

4．Wewatched，________________ontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.

我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。

5．ButwhenItriedtostepforward，IfoundIwascarried_________ontheearthandfellover.

而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。

6．“...walkingdoesneedabitofpractice________________gravityhaschanged.”

“……既然重力改变了，走路也确实需要练一练了。

”

Ⅱ.知识详解

1.exist　vi.　存在，生存

（回归课本P26）Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.

它们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。

[例句探源]

①Theycan’texistonthemoneyhe’searning.

______________________________________________________

②Thereexistsagoodwaytosolvetheexistingproblemingeography.

_______________________________________________________

③Nooneknowshowthisworldcameintoexistence.

_______________________________________________________

[即境活用]

1．完成句子

（1）巴基斯坦在战后就以一个独立的国家存在了。

Pakistan________________________________________________countryafterthewar.

（2）就我所知，他们收入微薄，几乎无法维持生活。

AsfarasIknow，theyarepaidhardlyenough________________________.

2.puzzle　n．　谜；难题　vt.&vi.　（使）迷惑；（使）为难

（回归课本P27）Howlifebeganonearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzlesthatscientistsfoundhardtosolve.地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。

[例句探源]

①Whatpuzzlesmeiswhyheleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.

_______________________________________________________

②Thepolicearestillpuzzlingabout/overhowtheaccidentcouldhavehappened.

_______________________________________________________

③Scientistshavebeentryingtosolvethispuzzleforyears.

_______________________________________________________

④HelookedpuzzledsoIrepeatedthequestion.

_______________________________________________________

[即境活用]

Ex.Shelostheartsinceshefailedintheexam.Shefelt________aboutherfuture.

A．puzzle　　　　　　　　B．puzzling

C．puzzledD．puzzles

3.pull　n.&vt.　拉（力）；拖；牵引力

（回归课本P30）Astherocketroseintotheair，wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearth’sgravity.

随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。

[例句探源]

①Hepulledthedooropenandrushedout.

_______________________________________________________

②Thepolicecarsignaledtoustopullin.

_______________________________________________________

③Wewavedasthetrainpulledoutofthestation.

_______________________________________________________

④ThedoctortoldmethatIwouldpullthrough.

[即境活用]用pulldown；pullin；pullout；pullthrough填空：

（1）Houseswere________tomakewayforanewhighway.

（2）Cheerup！

Takemoreexerciseeverydayandyouwill________.

（3）John________behindmeandparked.

（4）Becarefulwhenyou________ofthedriveway.

4.intime　及时；终于，总有一天

（回归课本P25）Theywereintimetoproducecarbon，nitrogen，watervapourandothergases，whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.

最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层.

[例句探源]

①Thekidswillbeleavinghomeinnotime.

_______________________________________________________

②Willyoubebackintimefordinner?

_______________________________________________________

③Ishouldbebackintimetowatchtheshow.

______________________________________________________

④Thecompanyfiredhimfornotcomingtoworkontime.

_______________________________________________________

[即境活用]

（1）.Willyoubehome________toseethechildrenbeforetheygotobed?

A．ontime　　　　　　　　B．intime

C．atatimeD．atonetime

（2）．________，IlostheartinEnglishlearning，butmyteacheroftensaidtome，“Keeponstudyinghard，andyou’llsucceed________.”

A．Atatime；intime

B．Atatime；ontime

C．Atonetime；intime

D．Atonetime；ontime

（3）．（2010年江西景德镇模拟）—Doesheoftenaskyouforhelp?

—Oh，no，only________.

A．allthetime　　　　　　B．atonetime

C．atatimeD．attimes

（4）．—IamafraidIcan’treturnthebooktoyoubeforeFriday.

—________.

A．Don’tbeafraidB．Becareful

C．NotatallD．Takeyourtime

5.inone’sturn　轮到某人；接着

（回归课本P26）Thustheyhave，intheirturn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.

于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。

[例句探源]

①Whenitisinmyturn，Iamtooexcitedtospeak.

______________________________________________________②Thecustomerpraisedthemanager，whointurnpraisedhisstaff.

_______________________________________________________

③Alltheoriesarederivedfrompracticeandinturnservepractice.

_______________________________________________________

④Nowitisyourturntolookafterthechildren.

_______________________________________________________[即境活用]

Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars，andthis________createsfurtherproblems.

A．inshort　　　　　　　B．incase

C．indoubtD．inturn

6.prevent...from...　防止某事发生

（回归课本P26）Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere，whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.

他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。

[例句探源]

①Guardsstoodatthedoorstopreventanyonefromleaving.

_______________________________________________________

②Oncehehasmadeuphismind，noonecanpreventhimfromcarryingouttheplan.

_______________________________________________________

③Hisadvicekeptmefrommakingaseriousmistake.

_______________________________________________________

[即境活用]

Allpossiblemeans________.However，nothingcan________himdyingoflungcancer.

A．hastried；stop

B．havetried；keep

C．hasbeentried；prevent

D．havebeentried；stop

7.cheerup　（使）高兴；使振奋；感到振奋

（回归课本P31）Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.

我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着（身后的）地球越来越小，而（前方的）月球越来越大。

[例句探源]

①GiveMaryacall;sheneedscheeringup.

_______________________________________________________

②Thegoodnewscheered（up）everybodywhoheardit.

_______________________________________________________

③ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang.

_______________________________________________________

④Theydothisinordertoencouragecrowdstocheertheirsportsteams.

_______________________________________________________

[即境活用]

—I’mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I’mafraidIcan’tpassthistime.

—________！

I’msureyou’llmakeit.

A．Goahead　　　　　　　B．Goodluck

C．NoproblemD．Cheerup

8.harmfuladj.有害的==》harmn.&v.损害，伤害

常用结构:

①beharmfulto对……有害

Eg.Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.吸烟有害健康。

②dosb.harm/doharmtosb.对某人有害

③meannoharm无意伤害别人;没有恶意

④harmone’simage/reputation损害某人的形象/名声

⑤domoreharmthangood弊大于利

⑥Thereisnoharmin（one’s）doingsth.

=Itdoesnoharm（forsb.）todosth.（某人）做某事无害处

[即境活用]　

Heisanicedog.Hewon’tdoyouany.（原创）

A.illB.biteC.hurtD.harm

Ⅲ.句型梳理

1【教材原句】　“...walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”（P31）

“……既然重力改变了，走路也确实需要练一练了。

”

【句法分析】　

nowthat由于；既然，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。

[例句探源]

①Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork，you’dbetterhavearest.

_______________________________________________________

②Now（that）theweatherisfine，let’sgoforaride.

_______________________________________________________

③Nowyouhavegrownup，youcanmakeupyourmindbyyourself.

_______________________________________________________

[易混辨析]nowthat，since，as，for， because

（1）nowthat既然，与since含义相近，语气较弱，强调人们已知的事实。

（2）since侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，

常译为“因为”或“既然”，语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。

（3）as语气比because弱，所引导的从句表示的是显而易见的原因和理由，从句一般放在主句前。

（4）for是并列连词，表示推断的原因，或对前一分句补充说明理由。

for表示这一用法时需放在两句之间。

（5）because语气最强，一般指事情发生的直接原因，回答提问时，一般放在主句之后。

[例句探源]

①Hewasabsentfromthemeetingbecausehewasillyesterday.

_______________________________________________________

②Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion，I’llasksomeoneelse.

_______________________________________________________

③Astherewasnoanswer，wewrotehimagain.

_______________________________________________________

④Itmusthaverainedlastnight，forthegroundiswet.

_______________________________________________________

[即境活用]　

（1）．________you’vegotachance，youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.

A．Nowthat　　　　　　　　B．After

C．AlthoughD．Assoonas

（2）．—DidyoureturnFred’scall?

—Ididn’tneedto___