在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语真题.docx
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在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语真题
2004年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语真题
PaperOne试卷一
(120minutes)
Part
ListeningComprehension(30minutes,15points)(略)
PartIIVocabularyandStructure(20minutes,10points)
Directions:
Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
16.Iftheworkbytheendofthismonthisdelayed,theconstructioncompanywillbeheavilyfined.
A.iscompletedB.tobecompleted
C.willhavebeencompletedD.willbecompleted
l7.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,heourchairmannow.
A.mustbeB.wouldhavebeenC.shallbeD.wouldbe
18.pollutioncontrolmeasurestendtobemoneyconsuming,manyindustrieshesitatetoadoptthem.
A.AlthoughB.HoweverC.WhenD.Since
l9.isoftenthecasewithanewidea,muchinitialactivityandoptimisticdiscussionproducenoconcreteproposal.
A.ItB.WhichC.AsD.That
20.Accordingtotheofthecontract,employeesmustgivesixmonths’noticeiftheyintendtoleave.
A.lawsB.rulesC.termsD.details
21.Alloftheplantsnowraisedonfarmshavebeendevelopedfromplantsinthewild.
A.oncetheygrewB.thatoncegrew
C.theygrewonceD.oncegrew
22.Themetercandetectevenaverysmallamountofgasintheroom.
A.sensibleB.sensitiveC.sensingD.sensed
23.Notuntilrecentyearsapopularmeansofcommunication.
A.e-mailbecameB.e-mailhasbecome
C.dide-mailbecomeD.wille-mailbecome
24.Mobilephoneshaveprovedtowithflightinstrumentsandhaveanegativeeffectonflightsafety.
A.interfereB.disturbC.interruptD.trouble
25.Althoughtherearemanypredictionsaboutthefuture,nooneknowsforsuretheworldwouldbelikein50years.
A.howB.thatC.whichD.what
26.Thebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleforhimtotheinvestmentplanwithinaweek.
A.workoutB.putoutC.makeoutD.setout
27.IwasspeakingtoAnnonthephoneaboutourtourplansuddenlywewerecutoff.
A.thatB.whileC.beforeD.when
28.Televisionwillprovideinformationonpricesatthenearbyshopsnewsandentertainment.
A.asmanyasB.asfarasC.aswellasD.aslongas
29.,theresearcherscannotconcentrateonthatverypreciseexperiment.
A.WithyoustandingthereB.Onyourstandingthere
C.YouarestandingthereD.Youstandthere
30.Janetakesaninterestinclothesandisveryparticularaboutwhatshewears.
A.exhaustiveB.excellingC.executiveD.excessive
31.ShewenttoEuropeonvacationbutherhappytimeendedinwhentheirhotelcaughtfire.
A.tragedyB.crisisC.dramaD.misfortune
32.Youcouldbecomeagoodmusician,butyourlackofpracticeisyou.
A.taking...overB.holding...back
C.making...upD.leaving...out
33.Retailsalesvolumeinlocalurbanandruralareasrose57.8%and46.8%lastyear.
A.individuallyB.respectivelyC.correspondinglyD.accordingly
34.Themanagingdirectortookthefortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.
A.guiltB.blameC.chargeD.accusation
35.Itisrequestedthatallthestudentspresentatthemeetingtomorrow.
A.wereB.willbeC.areD.be
PartIIIReadingComprehension(55minutes,40points)
Directions:
Therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachofthepassagesisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
PassageOne
InancientGreek,thetermeuthanatosmeant“easydeath”.Todayeuthanasia(安乐死)generallyreferstomercykilling,thevoluntary(自愿)endingofthelifeofsomeonewhoisterminallyill.Likeabortion,euthanasiahasbecomealegal,medical,andmoralissueoverwhichopinionisdivided.
Euthanasiacanbeeitheractiveorpassive.Activeeuthanasiameansthataphysicianorothermedicalpersonneltakesanactionthatwillresultindeath,suchasgivinganoverdoseofdeadlymedicine.Passiveeuthanasiameanslettingapatientdieforlackoftreatment,orstoppingthetreatmentthathasbegun.Examplesofpassiveeuthanasiaincludetakingpatientsoffabreathingmachineorremovingotherlife-supportsystems.Stoppingthefoodsupplyisalsoconsideredpassive.
Agooddealofthedebateaboutmercykillingoriginatesfromthedecision-makingprocess.Whodecideswhetherapatientistodie?
ThisissuehasnotbeensolvedlegallyintheUnitedStates.Thematterislefttostatelaw,whichusuallyallowsthephysicianinchargetosuggesttheoptionofdeathtoapatient’srelatives,especiallyifthepatientisbraindead.Inanattempttomakedecisionsaboutwhentheirownlivesshouldend,severalterminallyillpatientsintheearly1990susedacontroversialsuicidedevice,developedbyDr.JackKevorkian,toendtheirlives.
InpartsofEurope,thedecision-makingprocesshasbecomeveryflexible.Evenincaseswherethepatientsarenotbraindead,patientshavebeenputtodeathwithouttheirapprovalattherequestofrelativesoratthesuggestionofphysicians.Manycasesofpassiveeuthanasiainvolveoldpeopleornewborninfants.Theprinciplejustifyingthispracticeisthatsuchindividualshavea“lifenotworthyoflife”.
Incountrieswherepassiveeuthanasiaisnotlegal,thecourtsystemshaveprovedverytolerantindealingwithmedicalpersonnelwhopracticeit.InJapan,forexample,ifphysiciansfollowcertainguidelinestheymayactivelycarryoutmercykillingsonhopelesslyillpeople.Courtshavealsobeensomewhattolerantoffriendsorrelativeswhohaveassistedterminallyillpatientstodie.
36.Aterminallyillpatientisonewho.
A.getsworseeverydayB.cannevergetwellagain
C.isveryseriouslyillintheendD.istooilltowanttoliveon
37.Thedifferencebetweenactiveandpassiveeuthanasiaiswhether.
A.thereisanactionthatspeedsupthedeathofthepatient
B.thebreathingmachineistakenoffthepatient
C.anoverdoseofdeadlymedicineisused
D.thepatientisdeniedfoodsupply
38.Accordingtothepassage,whohas/havethelegalresponsibilitytodecideoneuthanasia?
A.Thenationalorstategovernment.
B.Thepatient’srelatives.
C.Physiciansinchargeofthepatient.
D.Theanswervariesfromcountrytocountry.
39.TheprinciplejustifyingpassiveeuthanasiainEuropeisthatterminallyillpatientsare.
A.livingalifewithoutconsciousness
B.livingalifethatcanhardlybecalledlife
C.toooldortooweaktoliveon
D.toooldortooyoungtoapproveofeuthanasia
40.Theattitudeofthewritertowardeuthanasiais.
A.negativeB.positiveC.objectiveD.casual
PassageTwo
Nextweek,asmillionsoffamiliesgatherfortheirThanksgiving(感恩节)feasts,manyotherAmericanswillgowithout.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture,morethan12millionhouseholdslackenoughfoodforeveryoneintheirfamilyatsometimeduringtheyear—includingholidays.
Hungerissurprisinglywidespreadinourcountry—oneoftheworld’swealthiest—yetthegovernmentestimatesthatwewastealmost100billionpoundsoffoodeachyear,morethanone-quarterofourtotalsupply.
ReducingthisimproperdistributionofresourcesisagoalofAmerica’sSecondHarvest,thenation’slargestdomestichunger-relieforganization.Lastyear,itdistributednearly2billionpoundsoffoodtomorethan23millionpeopleinneed.
America’sSecondHarvestisanetworkof214inter-connectedfoodbanksandotherorganizationsthatgatherfoodfromgrowers,processors,grocerystoresandrestaurants.Inturn,thenetworkdistributesfoodtosome50,000soupkitchens,homelesssheltersandoldpeople’scentersineverycountyofeverystate.
Agreatdealofworkisinvolvedindistributingtonsoffoodfromthousandsofdonors(捐赠者)tohundredsofsmall,nonprofitorganizations.Untilafewyearsago,America’sSecondHarvestlackedanyeffectivewaytomanagetheirinventory.Withoutaccurateandtimelyinformation,soupkitchensweresometimesemptywhilefoodwaslefttospoilinloadingplaces.
In2000,America’sSecondHarvestbegantouseanewinventoryandfinancial-managementsystem—Ceres.Itissoftwaredesignedspecificallyforhunger-reliefoperations.Itisusedbymorethan100America’sSecondHarvestorganizationstotrackfoodfromdonationtodistribution.
Cereshashelpedreducethespoilingoffoodandimprovedistribution.Anevaluationfoundthatthesoftwarestreamlinedfoodbanks’operationsby23percentinthefirstyearalone.
Withmoreaccurateandtimelyreports,Ceressavestime,fleesstaffmemberstofocusonfindingnewdonors,andpromisesmoreefficientuseofdonations.
HungerinAmericaremainsatroublingsocialproblem.Technologyalonecannotsolveit.ButinthehandsoforganizationssuchasAmerica’sSecondHarvest,itisapowerfultoolthatishelpingtomakeadifference—andhelpingmoreAmericanstojoininthefeast.
41.Accordingtothepassage,thetotalsupplyoffoodinAmericaeveryyearreaches.
A.12millionpoundsB.morethan12millionpounds
C.almost100billionpoundsD.about400billionpounds
42.By“thisimproperdistributionofresources”inParagraph3,thewritermeansthatmanyAmericanslackenoughfoodwhile.
A.theircountryisoneoftherichestintheworld
B.muchfoodislefttospoil
C.otherswastetoomuchfood
D.othersconsumetoomuchfood
43.AproblemforAmerica’sSecondHarvestafewyearsagowasthat.
A.itdidnotgetenoughfoodfromdonors
B.itdidnothavealargeenoughnetwork
C.itdidnothaveenoughsoupkitchens
D.itdidnothaveagoodwaytomanageitsfoodstock
44.WithCeres,America’sSecondHarvestisnowableto.
A.enlarge