高考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx

高考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx

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高考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题

高考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   AnewfamilymovedinnextdoorandIgottomeetthemotherofthefamily,Lydia.LydiaisKorean,andherfamilymovedtoourcitysoherhusbandcouldgotograduateschool.Westartedtalking,andshewasapologeticabouthowbadherEnglishwas,butIdidn'tcare.Iknewhowharditwastolearnasecondlanguage.IenjoyedchattingwithLydiaaswewatchedourkidsplay.

   Itwaswhatcamenextthatchallengedme:

LydiaaskedifI'dbewillingtohelpherwithherEnglish.Now,Iamnotateacher.Iadmireteachers,andI'mgratefulforteachers,andit'sbecauseIadmirewhattheydosomuchthatIwasveryverysurethatIcouldn'tdoitmyself.

   ButLydiawassurethatshewantedmyhelp.Iwasdoubtful.Iwasn'tsuremy"help"wasevenworthbeingcalledbythatname.Butbecausesheaskedme,Isaid"yes."Andthatwasthebeginningofafriendship.LydiaandIspentafternoonssittingtogetherandreadingthenewspaper,andaswedid,sheaskedmequestionswhenshehadthemquestionsaboutlanguage,yes,butalsoquestionsaboutthenewcultureshefoundherselfin.Inturn,Iaskedmyownquestions,growingcuriousaboutherhomecountryandculture.Webondedoveroursharedfaithandourstrugglesasmothersofkidswithspecialneeds,WhenIcomplimented（恭维）hercooking,shebegantoteachmeaboutKoreanfood,eventuallyleadingtoasharedtriptoexploretheKoreangrocerystoresinourcity.BecauseofLydia,1learnedmoreaboutmyownhometownthanIevercouldhavelearnedbymyself.I'mstillnotsurethatI'manygoodasateacher.ButI'mgratefulIsaid"yes"whenmyneighboraskedmetohelpherwithherEnglish.Thatmeantspendingextratimewithmyneighbor,andthatextratimemeantshedidn'tremainjustmyneighbor.Shebecamemyfriend.

（1）WhatwasLydiasorryabout?

A. HerbadEnglish.                                               

B. Hercarelessness.

C. NobodyteachingherEnglish.                         

D. Herpoorlifeinanewplace.

（2）Whatcanbeconcludedfromthethirdparagraph?

A. Theauthoradmiredteachers.                         

B. Theauthorwantedtobeateacher.

C. Theauthordidn'twanttohelpLydia.             D. TheauthorwasnotconfidentinhelpingLydia.

（3）Whywastheauthorgratefulatthelastparagraph?

A. ShemanagedtolearnEnglishwell.                

B. Shemadefriendswithherneighbor.

C. ShelearnedhowtocookKoreanfood.          

D. Sherealizedherdreamofbeingateacher.

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A. Nopains,nogains.                                          

B. Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

C. Tohelpothersistohelpourselves.                

D. Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在帮助新搬来的邻居学习英语时，感受到了快乐和收获，并且和邻居成为了好朋友。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Westartedtalking,andshewasapologeticabouthowbadherEnglishwas,”可知，Lydia遗憾的是她的英语不好。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“ButLydiawassurethatshewantedmyhelp.Iwasdoubtful.Iwasn'tsuremy‘help’wasevenworthbeingcalledbythatname.”可知作者没有信心帮助Lydia。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“ButI'mgratefulIsaid"yes"whenmyneighboraskedmetohelpherwithherEnglish.Thatmeantspendingextratimewithmyneighbor,andthatextratimemeantshedidn'tremainjustmyneighbor.”可知，作者之所以感激是因为她与她的邻居成了朋友。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的“Thatmeantspendingextratimewithmyneighbor,andthatextratimemeantshedidn'tremainjustmyneighbor.Shebecamemyfriend”可知，帮助别人也就是帮助自己。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Expertsnotethatanunhealthylifestylecanputyouatgreatriskofheartdiseaseandstroke.Sodoctorsurgeustoeathealthyfoods,getexercise,stopsmokingandlimitouralcoholintake.Butthereissomethingelseyoucando.Anditisfreeandeasy.Smile!

   Dr.Chockalingam,aheartdiseasespecialistinColumbia,adviseshispatientstosmile.Hesaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelpyourheart."Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringchanges.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive."Hesayssmilingisthefirststepinfightingphysicalandemotionalstressanditssometimesharmfuleffectsonhumanhealth.ThisisnotjustNewAgeadvice.Severalstudiessupporthisopinion.

   Whenyoufeelstressedorunderpressure,yourbodyreleasesmanynaturalhormones（荷尔蒙）includingadrenalineandcortisol.Adrenalineincreasesyourheartrateandbloodpressure.Cortisolisthebody'smainstresshormone.Itincreasessugarinthebloodstream.Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.Theyarepartofwhatwecallourfight-or-flightresponse.

   However,whenwearestressedforalongperiod,thesestresshormonesareever-presentinourbodies.Andthat,medicalresearcherswarn,mayleadtohealthproblems.

   Researcherssaytheconnectionbetweenstressandheartdiseaseisstillunclear.However,theyclaimthatwhenpeoplearestressedforlongperiodsoftime,theymayhaveanunhealthylifestyle,whichcanleadtohealthproblems.

   Dr.Chockalingamsaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelp.Hetellshispatientstosmile20timesanhour.Tosome,thatmightseemlikealotofsmiling.Orsomemightevenfeelfoolish...smilingforseeminglynoreason.Butasmiledoesnotinvolvedrugs.Itisnotinvasivelikeasurgicaloperation.Itisfreeandithasnobadsideeffects.

   "Oncepeoplesmile,theyarerelaxing.Thisrelaxationdirectlylowersbloodpressure,improvessugarlevelsintheblood.Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth."Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.

（1）WhichofthefollowingagreeswithDr.Chockalingam'sopinion?

A.Smilehasthesameeffectsaslaughter.

B.Smilecanbeusedtotaketheplaceofmedicine.

C.Smileisbetterthananyhealthylifestyletohealth.

D.Smilecanmakeourbodyproducebeneficialchemicals.

（2）Whatcanweknowaboutthementionedstresshormones?

A.Theycanlowerourbloodpressure.

B.Theywillsurelyleadtoheartdiseases.

C.Theycanbenefituswhenweareindanger.

D.Theywillmakeusliveanunhealthylifestyle.

（3）WhydoesDr.Chockalingamthinksmilingishelpfultoourhealth?

A.Itcanmakeusrelax.

B.Itincreasessugarlevels.

C.Ithaslittlebadsideeffects.

D.Itcanhappenfornoreason.

（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AThoroughAnalysisoftheCausesofHeartDiseases

B.OneThingYouCanDoRightNowtoHelpYourHeart

C.OneThingThatIsCloselyConnectedwithStressHormones

D.TheClearConnectionBetweenUnhealthyLifestylesandHeartDiseases

【答案】

（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，哥伦比亚的心脏病专家Chockalingam博士建议多保持微笑，他认为微笑可能是帮助心脏的一种方式。

同时说明了微笑有利于健康的原因和人们感到压力时的身体反应等情况。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringchanges.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive.”当我们微笑时，大脑的线路会发生变化。

释放出的化学物质更积极。

可知，Chockalingam博士认为微笑能使我们的身体产生有益的化学物质。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.”如果你真的有危险，这些荷尔蒙会帮助你。

可知，当我们处于危险中时，压力荷尔蒙可以帮助我们。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth.Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.”如果我们微笑，我们就打破了压力和健康之间的联系。

而且它可能会为每个人的心脏健康提供一点额外的保护。

可知，Chockalingam博士认为微笑可以使我们放松，从而有利于我们的健康。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的“Dr.Chockalingam,aheartdiseasespecialistinColumbia,adviseshispatientstosmile.Hesaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelpyourheart.”哥伦比亚的心脏病专家Chockalingam博士建议他的病人保持微笑。

他说，微笑可能是帮助心脏的一种方式。

以及结合文章内容主要介绍了微笑能够让我们放松进而有利于我们的健康，所以要健康那就要多微笑，所以选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Whentimesgettough,wealllookforwaystocutback.Whenwe'rehungry,weeatathomeinsteadofgoingout.Wetakebusesinsteadoftaxis.Andwewearourolddesignerjeansjustafewmonthslonger.Withcollegeexpensesatall-timehighs,highschoolstudentsareeagertodoanythingtocutthecostofauniversityeducation.

   Onecost-cuttingproposalistoallowcollegestudentstogetabachelor'sdegreeinthreeyearsinsteadoffour.Educationalinstitutionshavebeenactivelyexploringwaystomakethelearningprocessmoreefficient.Butthere'saquestion:

Wouldthequalityofundergraduateeducationsuffer?

FewUSuniversitieshaveformallyapproveda"three-yeardegree"model.

   IdoubtthatmainstreamNorthAmericancollegeswillcarryoutathree-yearcurriculumanytimesoon.Foronething,mostuniversitiesalreadyallowhighlyqualifiedstudentstograduateearlybytestingoutofcertainclassesandobtaininganumberofcollegecredits.Inaddition,atfamousuniversities,thecommitteewhodeterminewhichcoursesarerequiredandwhichcoursesareelectivesareunlikelytosuddenly"throwout"onequarteroftherequiredcredits.Professorswillresist"diluting（稀释）"thequalityoftheeducationtheyoffer.

   Inmyopinion,aqualityfour-yeareducationisalwayssuperiortoaqualitythree-yeareducation.Acollegeeducationrequiressufficienttimeforastudenttobecomeskilledintheirmajoranddocourseworkinfieldsoutsidetheirmajor.Itisnotagoodideatowaterdowneducation,anymorethanit'snotagoodideatowaterdownmedicine.Ifwewanttohelpstudentsfindtheirwaythroughuniversity,weshouldhelpthemunderstandearlyonwhatknowledgeandskillstheyneedtohaveupongraduation.Weshouldallowstudentstotestoutofasmanycoursesaspossible.Weshouldgivethemachancetoearnmoneyasinterns（实习生）inmeaningfulpart-timejobsthatrelatetotheiruniversitystudies,suchasthefive-yearco-opprogramatNortheasternUniversity.

（1）Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthemain