全国用高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题一 阅读理解 第三节 题组练习 6 社会文化.docx

全国用高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题一 阅读理解 第三节 题组练习 6 社会文化.docx

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全国用高考英语二轮复习与增分策略专题一阅读理解第三节题组练习6社会文化

（全国用）2019年高考英语二轮复习与增分策略专题一阅读理解第三节题组练习6社会文化

A

（2017·第三次全国大联考）

AskanyAmericanwhathe/sheisdoingonSunday，February7andtheanswerislikelytobeeitherhostingorattendingaSuperBowlParty.PlayedforthetitleoftheNationalFootballLeagueChampion，SuperBowlisthemostwatchedannualtelevisionprogramintheUnitedStates.

That’sbecauseSuperBowlwhichiscelebratingitsGoldenAnniversarythisyear，ismorethanjusta60-minutefootballgame—itisawell-designedproductionthatfeatureshalf-timeperformances，fireworksshowsandtelevisionadsthatpeoplediscussfordays.

Butmostimportantofall，itisthedaytosetasidealldietsandenjoyfoodsonewouldnormallyavoidoratleastnotconsumeatthesametime.Itshould，therefore，comeasnosurprisethatSuperBowlSundayisoneofthebiggestfoodconsumptiondaysintheUS—secondonlytoThanksgiving.

Thenoshingwillstartearlyintheday，longbeforematchesbeginandcontinuelongafterthe2016NFLChampionshaveretiredtocelebrate.

Asaresult，itisestimatedthatonSunday，thenationwillconsume1.2millionpoundsofpotatochips，8.2millionpoundsoftortillachips,3.8millionpoundsofpopcornand3millionpoundsofnuts.

Whentherealhungerpainsstarttohit，theywillseekoutcomfortfoods.Notsurprisingly，pizzatopsthelist.Chickenwingsarealsoverypopular.Itisestimatedthatalmost1.3billionwingswillbeconsumedonSuperBowlSunday.Otherfavoritesincludebacon，hotdogsandburgers.

Butthefoodconsumptionisnotwithoutconsequences.Datareleasedindicatesthatantacid（解酸药）salesincreaseby20%ontheMondayfollowingthebiggame.Additionally，oversevenmillionAmericanscallinsick.ItisnowonderthatfanshavebeenurgingthegovernmenttodeclareSuperBowlMondayaholiday.

语篇解读　一年一度的美国超级橄榄球杯大赛不仅是全美收视率最高的电视节目，而且超级碗星期天也是美国单日食品消费量最高的节日之一，食品消费量仅次于感恩节。

1．WhydoesSuperBowlbecomethemostpopulartelevisionprogram?

A．Itisthelongestfootballgame.

B．Itishostedbyfamousfilmstars.

C．Itcontainsthemostwonderfulads.

D．Itinvolvesvariousperformances.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

由第二段中的“itisawell-designedproductionthatfeatureshalf-timeperformances，fireworksshowsandtelevisionadsthatpeoplediscussfordays”可知选D。

2．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“noshing”inParagraph4?

A．Playing.B．Eating.

C．Competing.D．Resting.

答案　B

解析　词义猜测题。

前后段均介绍在超级橄榄球杯大赛期间食品的消费情况，由此判断选B。

3．Whichcomfortfoodisconsumedthemost?

A．Hotdogs.B．Pizza.

C．Nuts.D．Chickenwings.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据第六段前两句“Whentherealhungerpainsstarttohit，theywillseekoutcomfortfoods.Notsurprisingly，pizzatopsthelist.”可知选B。

4．WhatbadresultmightSuperBowlSundayleadto?

A．Lotsoffoodiswasted.

B．Publicdisorderiscaused.

C．Somepeoplehaveanupsetstomach.

D．Manypeoplelosetheirwork.

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。

根据末段中“Datareleasedindicatesthatantacid（解酸药）salesincreaseby20%ontheMondayfollowingthebiggame.Additionally，oversevenmillionAmericanscallinsick.”可知人们会因为毫无顾忌地大吃大喝而生病。

故选C。

B

（2017·福建师大附中期中）

Thewalletisheadingforextinction.Asaday-to-dayessential，itwilldieoffwiththegenerationwhoreadprintnewspapers.Thekindofshopping，whereyouhandovernotesandcountoutchangeinreturn，nowhappensonlyinthemostminorofourretailers（零售商），likebuyingabarofchocolateorapintofmilkfromacornershop.Attheshopswhereyouspendanyrealmoney，thatmoneyisincreasinglyabstracted.Andthisismoreandmoretrue，thehigherupthescaleyougo.Atthemostcutting-edge（前沿的）retailstores，VictoriaBeckhamonDoverStreet，forinstance，youdon’tgoandstandatanykindofcashregisterwhenyoudecidetopay.ThestaffareequippedwithiPadstotakeyourpaymentwhileyourelaxonasofa.

Acrosssociety，theabstractionoftheideaofcashmakesmeuneasy.MaybeI’mjustold-fashioned.Butearningmoneyisn’tquickoreasyformostofus.Isn’titabitweird（怪异）thatspendingitshouldhappeninhalfablink（眨眼）ofaneye？

Doesn’tawallet—thattime-honoredFriday-nightfeelingofpleasing，promisingfatness—representsomethingthatmatters?

ButI’llleavetheeconomicstotheexperts.Whatbothersmeaboutthedeathofthewalletisthechangeitrepresentsinourphysicalenvironment.Everythingaboutthelookandfeelofawallet，thewaythematerialswearandtearandloosenwithage，theplasticandpaperandgoldandsilver，andhandwrittenphonenumbersandprintedcinematickets，istheveryoppositeofwhatourworldisbecoming.TheoppositeofawalletisasmartphoneoraniPad.Theroundededges，coolglass，smoothandunknowableasapebble（鹅卵石）．Insteadofdiggingthroughpiecesofpaper，wemoveourfingersleftandright.Nomorecountingoutcoins.Showyourwallet，ifyoustillhaveone.Itmaynotbeheremuchlonger.

语篇解读　文章叙述了现代社会，人们的支付方式逐步电子化，传统的钱包正走向消失。

作者对于这种现象所代表的社会发展趋势感到不安。

5．Whatishappeningtothewallet?

A．Itisdisappearing.

B．Itisbecomingcostly.

C．Itisbeingfattened.

D．Itischanginginstyle.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。

由文章首句“Thewalletisheadingforextinction.”可知，钱包正在消失。

故选A。

6．Whatmakestheauthorfeeluncomfortablenowadays?

A．Savingmoneyisbecomingathingofthepast.

B．ThepleasingFriday-nightfeelingisfading.

C．Spendingmoneyissofastandeasy.

D．Earningmoneyisgettingmoredifficult.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

由文章第二段前四句可知，金钱概念的抽象化使作者不安，挣钱不容易但在瞬间就会花掉很多钱。

故选C。

7．Whatcanweinferfromthepassageabouttheauthor?

A．Heisresistanttosocialchanges.

B．Heisagainsttechnologicalprogress.

C．Hewantstosaygoodbyetothetraditionalwallet.

D．Hefeelsinsecureintheever-changingmodernworld.

答案　D

解析　推理判断题。

本文主要叙述了传统的钱包在消失，人们的支付方式在发生巨大的变化，作者对于不断改变的社会感到不安。

故选D项。

C

（2017·贵州遵义航天高级中学五模）

EveryyearinAmerica，high-schoolstudentswhowanttogotocollegetakeanationalexaminationcalledtheScholasticAptitudeTest，orSATinashortenedway.Theirscoreisanimportantfactorindeterminingwhichcollegeswilladmitthemorwhetheranywillbeadmittedatall.TheScholasticAptitudeTestmeasuresone’smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally，theEnglishpartinvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.

ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion，tobeansweredinanessay，hand-writtenonthespot.That’saninterestingwaytotestwritingability，butcontentaside，haveyoueverseenyoungpeople’shandwritinglately？

Oranyone’sforthatmatter，inthisageofcomputerkeyboards？

Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.Theyscribbleclassnotesinwhatcangenerouslybedescribedasthewrittenword.

Yettoday’skidsareaskedtowrite，thoughtfullyandclearly，forseveralminutesonthisSATTest.Goodlucktothetextscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawl（潦草的字迹）ofyoungpeoplewho’vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree！

Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone’sscoreontheSAT，butalso，lateroninlife，impresspotentialemployers.Anddon’tforget，weallhavetoturntohandwritingfromtimetotime，ascomputersgodownwhenpowergoesout.

Thenhowtoimprovethehandwriting？

Well，withafewsimplestepsyoucanimproveyourhandwriting.

Positionthepen.Youshouldholdthepenbetweentheforefingerandthethumb，thenrestitnearthefirstknuckle（指节）ofthemiddlefinger.Therestofyourfingersshouldbecurled（卷曲）underyourhandandyourhandshouldremainrelaxed.

Evaluateyourwriting.Makechangestoyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.

Takeyourtime.Speedisboundtomakeyourwritingmessy-looking.

Practice.Practiceitalot;it’snotenoughtodoitonceandhopeforthebest.Ithastobesomethingyouworkattomakegreatimprovements.

语篇解读　文章由SAT考试增加书面表达，引入话题——当前学生不注重书写。

此项改革旨在让学生改掉书写潦草的坏习惯。

8．Theunderlinedword“scribble”inParagraph2probablymeans“”．

A．writequicklyandroughly

B．typesimplyandcorrectly

C．paintclearlyandneatly

D．describeproperlyandwell

答案　A

解析　词义猜测题。

由“...haveyoueverseenyoungpeople’shandwritinglately？

Oranyone’sforthatmatter，inthisageofcomputerkeyboards？

Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.”可推知学生在课堂上记笔记非常潦草。

故选A。

9．AccordingtoParagraph3，studentswithgoodhandwritingskill.

A．canpasstheSAT

B．candevelopgoodcharacters

C．canimpresstheirclassmates

D．cangetmorejobopportunities

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

由该段第三句“Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone’sscoreontheSAT，butalso，lateroninlife，impresspotentialemployers.”可知选D。

10．Whichofthefollowingshouldyouavoidwhenimprovingyourhandwriting?

A．Practicingwritingalot.

B．Writingasfastasyoucan.

C．Relaxingyourhandwhenholdingthepen.

D．Changingyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据最后四段的内容可知B项是书写时应该避免的。

故选B。

11．Thetextistopresentthefactthat.

A．writingseemstobeveryimportantintheSAT

B．thosewhowillgotocollegehavetotaketheSAT

C．studentsshouldpracticehandwritingmoreoften

D．kidsdon’tknowhowtowriteinthecomputerage

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。

文章由SAT考试增加书面表达，引入话题——当前学生不注重书写。

此项改革旨在让学生改掉书写潦草的坏习惯。

故选C。

D

（2017·贵州遵义航天高级中学四模）

Fightingracialstereotypes（模式化）onUScampusesoftenbeginsbyputtingstudentsofdifferentethnicbackgroundstogether—underonedormitoryroof.

SamBoakyewasafreshmanatOhioStateUniversityandtheonlyblackstudentonhisfloor.Hewasdeterminedtogetgoodgrades—inparttomakesurehiswhiteroommatehadnobasisfornegativeracialviews.“You’repushedtodobetter，tochallengethestereotypethatblackpeoplearenotthatsmart，”hetoldtheNewYorkTimes.

Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthathavingaroommateofadifferentracecanreduceprejudice（偏见），diversify（使多样化）friendshipsandevenpromotestudents’academicperformance.InastudybyOhioStatepsychologyp