新概念一册语法总结.docx

新概念一册语法总结.docx

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新概念一册语法总结

ThesummaryofnewconceptEnglishcopyone:

音标与字母组合

e-----bemewehesheea---------eatneatbeat

ee------seedeedfeelfreeie--------piecebeliefgrief

I------itsitbitfite----------beginbelongdelaydesire

/iz/----horsesracesprices/id/-------waitedneededcarriedparted

/ist/----foresthonestlongest

e------getyetwetchecka--------anymany

ea-----deadreadysweatweather

a-------capmapfathat

u--------cupupfunguno--------comesomeonedoes

ou-------toughroughtouch

ir------sirshirtbirdthirdor------wordworthworst

ur------furcurlchurchear----earlyheardearnest

er------certainpersonservice

a-------agoagainamongaboveer------feverteacherwinterworker

or------doctoractorour-----labourneighbour

ay------paydaywaya--------shademadetake

ai-------paingainmaintail

o-------gosonoohow------showlowknownownbowl

oa-----coatboatsoapo--------hopephonenote

ol------toldsoldfoldcold

ie-----liedietiey--------whytryflytype

igh---highfightsightlightmightI---------rideliferipewidewhile

ow----howcowvownowtownou---------outdoubtmouthsouthround

oy----boytoyjoyroyaloi---------choicenoisejoincoinoil

ear----earteardearhearnearea--------realreallyrealizeidea

ere------spheresincereer--------seriousmysterioussuperior

eer-------sheerdeerbeer

air------airpairrepairaffairfairear-------beartearwear

are------sparecaresharedeclare

oor------poormoorour--------tour

ure------puresurematureendureur---------furyjuryfuriousrural

1:

tense:

A:

概念B:

结构C:

时间词D:

动词变化

（1）s+be+vingeg:

Theyareswimming/Sheiscooking/

What+be+s+doing?

Eg:

Whataretheydoing?

（2）s+be/v/v（es）eg:

SheisinAmerica/Theyarestudents.

Igotoschooleveryday.

Idon’tgotoschooleveryday

Doyougotoschooleveryday?

Whatdoyoudoeveryday?

Hegetsupverylateeveryday

Hedoesn’tgetuplateeveryday

Doeshegetuplateeveryday?

Whatdoeshedoeveryday?

（3）s+have/has+p.peg:

Theyhavefinishedtheirwork

Theyhaven’tfinishedtheirwork

Havetheyfinishedtheirwork?

Whathavetheydone?

Shehasdoneherhomework

Shehasn’tdoneherhomework

Hasshedoneherhomework?

Whathasshedone?

s+have/has+been+toeg:

IhavebeentoParis

Ihaven’tbeentoParis

HaveyoubeentoParis?

ShehasbeentoNewYork

Shehasn’tbeentoNewYork

HasshebeentoNewYork?

s+has/have+gone+toeg:

TheyhavegonetoLondon

ThebosshasgonetoJapan

（4）s+was/were（not）eg:

ShewasinShanghailastyear

Shewasn’tinShanghailastyear

WassheinShanghailastyear?

Theywereatthebutcher’syesterday

Weretheyatthebutcher’syesterday?

Theyweren’tatthebutcher’syesterday.

s+ved（didn’t+v）（Did+s+v..?

）

eg:

MyfatherwenttoCanadalastweek

Myfatherdidn’tgotoCanadalastweek

DidyourfathergotoCanadalastweek?

（5）s+was/were+ving

eg:

Iwaswateringthegardenat4o’clockyesterday.

Shewasdrinkingcoffeeinthelivingroomwhenhecamein

（6）s+had+p.p

eg:

Shehadread10story-booksbytheendoflastmonth

Heboughtanewcarafterhehadsoldhisoldcar.

（7）s+have/has+been+doing

eg:

Ihavebeenwaitingforyouforthreehours

Ihavewaitedforyouforthreehours

（8）s+will/shall+v

eg:

IwillflytoFrancenextweek

Iwon’tflytoFrancenextweek

WillyouflytoFrancenextweek?

Whatwillyoudonextweek?

句子：

1：

疑问句

（1）一般疑问句

（2）特殊疑问句

（3）选择疑问句

（4）否定疑问句

（5）反意疑问句

2：

宾语从句

（1）主语+形容词（sorry/glad/sure/afraid）+that+clause

eg:

Iamsurethatourteamwillwin

（2）主语+动词（think/believe/say）+that+clause

eg:

IbelievethatIcanfly

（3）主语+形容词/动词+if+陈述句

eg:

Iwonderifyouwanttogothere

wh---陈述句

eg:

Iwonderwhatyouaretalkingabout

3：

感叹句

what+a/an+countablenoun+subject+v!

Eg:

Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!

How+adj/adv+subject+v!

Eg:

Howbeautifulthegirlis!

4:

条件句：

从句----------------------------------------------------主句

一般现在时--------------------，一般将来时

情态动词

eg:

Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgotothecountry

Ifyoufeelbetter,youmaygetgetup

5：

定语从句：

（1）人+who/that+动词eg:

IhaveasisterwholivesinParis

（2）人+whose+名词+动词

eg:

Shehasafriendwhosemotherisadoctor.

（3）人+（who/whom/that）+主语+及物动词

eg:

Thisisthelady（whom/who/that）Imetduringmyholiday.

（who/whom/that）+主语+不及物动词+介词

eg:

Heistheteacher（whom/who/that）Ilearnmusicfrom------

prep+whom+subject+vi

eg:

HeistheteacherfromwhomIlearnmusic

（4）物+which+动词

eg:

Thisisthebirdwhichalwayssingsatnight

（5）物+（which/that）+主语+及物动词

eg:

Thisistheletter（which/that）Ireceivedyesterday

（which/that）+主语+不及物动词+介词

eg:

Thatisthehouse（which/that）myfatherlivesin

prep+which+subject+vi

eg:

Thatisthehouseinwhichmyfatherlives

（6）物+whose+noun+subject+v

ofwhich+noun+subject+v

eg:

Ilikethehousewhosewindowistowardsthesouth

-------Ilikethehouseofwhichwindowistowardsthesouth定语从句：

1：

先行词（人）+who+动词

2：

先行词（人）+whose+名词+动词

3：

先行词（人）+who（whom）+主语+及物动词

主语+不及物动词+介词

4：

先行词（物）+which+动词

5：

先行词（物）+whose+名词+动词eg:

Thebookwhosecoverisgreenismine

Thebookofwhichthecoverisgreenismine

Thebookthecoverofwhichisgreenismine

6：

先行词（物）+which+主语+及物动词

主语+不及物动词+介词

7：

先行词（人和物）+that+

8：

theonly+先行词+that

very

same

all

nothing

anything

everything

thefirst

thebest

9：

以疑问词开头的疑问句+that

表示推测和判断

Hemustbeadoctor

Hecan’tbeadoctor

Hemusthavebeenadoctor

Hecan’thavebeenadoctor

Hemaybeadoctor

Hemayhavebeenadoctor

Hemustbeswimming

Hecan’tbeswimming

Hemusthavebeenswimming

Hecan’thavebeenswimming

Hemaybeswimming

Hemayhavebeenswimming

6:

表语从句eg:

ThatiswhyIlikemusic.

7：

倒装句

（1）肯定句，so+助动词+主语

eg:

Ilikemusic,sodoeshe

Theycanswim,socanshe

Shewenttochurchyesterday,sodidhe

（2）否定句，neither/nor+助动词+主语

eg:

Iamnotanengineer,neitherishe

Theydon’tlikesports,neitherdoeshe

Theywerenotatschoollastweek,neitherwasshe

8:

形容词

（1）修饰/限定

（2）比较级最高级及变化规则

9：

情态动词must/may/need/can/could/might

10介词on/in/off/of/at/from/near/beside/over/between/among/in/infrontof/through/under/across/except/along/up/behind/outof/with/about/into/

11：

代词

12:

Directspeechandindirectspeech:

（1）主语+动词+“陈述句”---主语+动词++陈述句

eg:

Marysaidher:

Iwantthisbook”

-------Marytoldherthatshewantedthisbook.

（2）主语+动词+“疑问句”

---主语+动词+if/whether+陈述

eg:

IsaidtoTom:

”Areyouastudent?

”

----------IaskedTomifhewasastudent.

主语+动词++陈述句

eg:

Heaskedme:

”Whatareyoudoing?

”

----------HeaskedmewhatIwasdoing.

（3）主语+动词+“祁使句”---主语+动词++动词原形

eg:

Theteachersaidtome:

”standup”

---------Theteacheraskedmetostandup.

13:

动词不定式

（1）v+to+do

eg:

Iwanttogoabroad

（2）v+somebody+to+do

eg:

Iwanthimtocometomyoffice.

14:

Directobjectandindirectobject

eg:

givehimabook=====giveabooktohim

15:

Nouns

16:

Passivevoice

Importantphrasesandwords:

Afew/alittle/afford/spend/take/cost/worth/all/both/any/some/arrivein/at/aswell/too/either/as…..asonecan/could/belongto/except/besides/between/among/cheerup/dependon/dowith/enjoyoneself/enough/too…to/forsale/forget/remember/give/offer/hadbetterdosomething/happen/haveto/letsomebodydosomething/lookfor/see/makeupone’smind/many/much/need/puton/dress/bedressedin/wear/so/neither/therebe/loseone’sway/workon

Students’questions:

1:

HowtopreparenewconceptEnglishcopyonebeforetostudycopytwo?

（1）togooverthevocabularies/不同的词性总结

（2）语法

（3）试着翻译一遍课文

（4）读熟确保能听清每个句子

（5）买套语法练习题测试一下

2:

many/much/few/little

3:

Therebepattern+uncountablenouns

thereisorthereare?

?

4:

Who/which/that?

?

5:

when/while/justas?

Reply:

g:

1:

Listenin

（1）:

tolistensomedifficultmaterials

（2）:

torecitesomepassages

（3）:

todosomelisteningtestmaterials

（4）:

tolistentoanythingofEnglish

2:

speaking:

（1）:

toreadEnglisheveryday/loud

（2）:

tomemorizesomepassages

（3）:

tofindanychancestoexpressoneself

（4）:

tofindastablepartnertopractiseoralEnglishandtodiscusssomecertaintopics/certainvocabularies

（5）:

tofindasmuchchancesasyoucantocommunicatewithnativespeakers/

（6）:

tospeakEnglishwithyourself

3:

reading

（1）:

oralreading

（2）:

writtenreading

4:

writing

（1）grammarexercises

（2）shortessay

（3）tokeepEnglishdiary

（4）tomimicsomegoodarticles

NSWER:

MI5,theBritishintelligenceagency,waslookingforwaystospottroublemakersatBritishairports,sotheystationedgerbilsatterminalgates.Makessense.Gerbilshavearemarkableabilitytospotpeoplewhoareunusuallysweaty.

Nowthatit'sconductedthisexercise,MI5knowswhateveryoneelsealreadyknew:

almosteveryonesweatswhentheyfly.

It'snodifferentatwork.Atonetimeoranother,everyoneofussweats.Whetherit'saninjustice,atightdeadline,apersonalityconflict,asetback,aparticularlychallengingassignment,apoliticaldebacle,orevenanopportunity,anxiety-producingsituationsareunavoidable.

Sothetrickislearninghowtomanageanxietyinwaysthatareconstructive.I'velistedsometipsbelow.Formore,checkoutAdversityQuotientatWork,byPaulStoltz（Morrow,2000）.

DealwithProblems

Doyoudenytheproblemexists?

Hey,I'mintodenialasmuchasthenextguy.SometimesittakesextremetirednessoratensestomachformetorealizeI'mhavingaproblem.Ihavetoaskmyselftoughquestionsaboutthethingthat'stroublingme,orI'llonlymask,butnevercure,theproblem.

Whatcanyoudotogaincontrol?

Problems,ofcourse,resistourattemptstocontrolthem.Otherwisetheywouldn'tbeproblems.Butthesenseofpowerlessnessisitselfanxiety-provokinganddebilitating.Sodon'tthinkaboutsolvingtheprobl