八年级下册第三单元笔记.docx
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八年级下册第三单元笔记
八年级下册第三单元笔记
Unit3whatwereyoudoingwhentheufoarrived?
一.重点词汇
1.getout出去,离开
getonwithsb./sth.进展,相处
getover克服
getaway离开
getthrough穿过,完成
getoutof从……出去
getup起床
getin进来
getoff下班,下车
2.cut切;剪;割
cut（one’shair理发
Becareful.Don'tcutyourself.小心,别切到自己。
3.experience经历,经验n,v
Experienceisthebestteacher.
Hehasmanyinterestingexperiences.
4.takeoff起飞
takeup占据
takeaway带走
takeout拿出
takeplace发生
ein进来
comeof来自
comeon进步,进展,加油,得了吧,快点
comeacross偶然发现,遇到
comeabout发生,产生
comearound拜访,参观
6.happen;takeplace虽都意为“发生”,但happen一般指偶发事件,而takeplace则指事先计划好的事情。
二者均是不及物动词。
不能用于被动语态。
如:
Whendidtheaccidenthappen?
事故是什么时候发生的?
TheMay4thMovementtookplacein1919.五四运动发生于1919年。
sth.happento+名词:
发生于……身上
happentodosth碰巧做某事
如:
Shehopednothingbadwouldhappentohim.
7.infrontof与inthefrontof在……的前面
inthefrontof整体的前面
eg.:
Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.
inthefrontof内部的前面
eg.Shesatinthefrontofthebus.
8.rememberdoing记得过去曾经做过某事
Irememberreturningthatbooktoher.我记得已把那本书还给她了。
remembertodosth.记得去做某事
Pleaseremembertoreturnthatbooktoher.请记得把那本书还给她。
remembermeto…请向……致意
Pleaseremembermetoyourfamily.请代我向你的家人问好。
{stoptodosth./stopdoingsth.
forgettodosth./forgetdoingsth.}
9.inatree和onatree在树上
inatree指的是树以外的东西,不是树本身长的东西（如:
人、动物等
eg.Arethereanybirdsinthetree?
onatree指的是树木本身的一部分（如:
树叶、树的果实等
eg:
Look!
Therearemanyapplesonthetree.
10.reach是及物动词,后面直接跟地点名词
eg:
TheyreachedLondon.
get是不及物动词,后跟名词时要加介词to
eg:
Canwegettothestationintime?
arrive是不及物动词,后跟名词时要加介词in或at
eg:
Atwhattimedidyouarriveatthestation?
11.情态动词:
must用于表示“必须”
以must引导的一般疑问句,否定用No,youneedn’t或don'thaveto如:
——MustIpaynow?
——Yes,youmust.
——No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.
12.what和how引导的感叹句
what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:
1.What+a（an+（形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
或是:
What+名词词组+主语+谓语!
如:
Whatanapplethisis!
Whatafinedayitis!
2.What+（形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
Whatkindwomentheyare!
Whatnicemusicitis!
how修饰形容词、副词或动词。
其结构是:
How+形容词（副词+主语+谓语!
如:
Howhardtheworkersareworking!
Howcleverthegirlis!
Howquicklytheboyiswriting!
注意:
当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。
Howtherunnerruns!
what与how引导的感叹句,一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。
如:
Whataninterestingstoryitis!
==Howinterestingthestoryis!
whatabeautifulbuildingitis!
==Howbeautifulthebuildingis!
在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。
如:
Whatanicepresent!
（省略itis
Howdisappointed!
（省略sheis或其它可作本句主、谓的词语
二.必背短语
1.infrontof在…的前面（外部inthefrontof在…的前面（内部
2.inthelibrary在图书馆
3.getoutof/getinto出……之外/进入
4.sleeplate睡懒觉sleepwell睡得好gettosleep=fallasleep睡着
5.walkdown/along沿……走
6.takeoff（飞机起飞;脱下（衣帽
7.onSundayevening在星期日晚上
注意:
（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上下午晚上用on
8.inthetree在树上onthetree在树上
9.takephotos照相
10.atthetrainstation在火车站
11.runaway跑开,逃跑
12.as+adj原形as和…一样…
如:
Sheis（notasbeautifulashersister.Icanrunasfastashe（him
13.buy/draw/makesth.forsb.为某人买/画/制作
14.walkhome走回家
15.inhistory在历史上
16.forexample例如
17.inthecityof在……市
18.ontheplayground在操场上
19.tenminutesago十分钟前
20.takeplace发生（强调必然性
21.happentosth./sb.发生（强调偶然性
如:
Whathashappenedtoyou?
=What’sthematterwithyou?
=What’swrongwithyou?
22.ofcourse=sure=certainly当然
23.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld遍及全世界
24.outside/insidethestation在车站外/内
25.nextto相邻,紧贴
26.closeto接近于;在附近
27.beillinhospital/bed生病住院/在床
28.hearabout/of听说（间接听到
29.insilence沉默不语keepsilent保持沉默
30.anunusualexperience一次不寻常的经历
31.havefun（indoingsth干某事有乐趣
havedifficultydoingsth干某事有困难
32.havemeaningto有意义
33.becomethefirstChineseastronautinspace成为中国首位太空宇航员
34.anationalhero一个民族英雄
35.befamousallovertheworld全世界出名
36.forthefirsttime第一次
三.目标句型:
1.WhatwereyoudoingwhenIarrived/atthattime/at8:
00lastnight/from
9:
00to10:
00yesterday?
2.Iwasdoingsth.When+一般过去时的时间状语从句...
3.Whilesth./sb.wasdoingsth.,Iwasdoingsth....
4.WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOlanded?
5.Whilemymotherwascooking,IwaswatchingTV.
6.IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlandedrightinfrontof
me.
7.Youcanimagehowstrangeitwas.
8.Ifollowedtoseewhereitwasgoing.
9.Isn’tthatamazing!
10.Shedidn’tthinkingaboutlookingoutsidethestation.
11.Iwassotiredthismorning.Itwasdifficulttogetoutofthebed.
12.LiuXiangwonthegoldmedalatthe2004Olympics.
13.Beijngwasmadehosttothe2008Olympics.
14.Peopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.
15.ThiswasoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernAmericanhistory.
16.Eventhemosteverydayactivitiescanseemimportant.
17.Ourteacheraskedustostopwhatweweredoingandlisten.
18.However,inmorerecenttimes,mostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwasdestroyedbyterrorists.
19.Notalleventsinhistoryareasterribleasthis,ofcourse.
20.HisflightaroundtheEarthlastedabout22hours.
四.语法讲解（过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作,常和表过去的时间状语连用。
肯定形式:
主语+was/were+V-ing
否定形式:
主语+wasnot（wasn't/werenot（weren't+V-ing
疑问形式:
Was/Were+主语+V-ing。
基本用法:
1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。
常与之连用的时间状语有:
atthattime/moment,（atthistimeyesterday（lastnight/Sunday/week…,at+点钟+yesterday（lastnight/Sunday…,whensb.didsth等
如:
Whatwereyoudoingat7pmyesterday?
Iwascookingwhensheknockedatthedoor.
2.when后通常用表示短暂性动词,while后通常用表示持续性动词,
如:
WhenthecarexplodedIwaswalkingpastit.=WhileIwaswalkingpastthecaritexploded.
3.when用作并列连词时,主句常用进行时态,从句则用一般过去时,表示主句动作发生的过程中,另一个意想不到的动作发生了。
如:
Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.
4.when作并列连词,表示“（这时突然”时,第一个并列分句用过去进行时,when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。
如:
Wewereplayingoutsidewhenitbegantorain.
特点:
while之后的从句一般用:
进行时态（be+doing
When之后的从句一般用:
过去时态
五.随堂练习
1.Whojumps________inyourclass?
A.far
B.farther
C.farthest
D.longer
2.Youmusthave_______Jone,andsheisaveryfamoussinger.
A.heardfrom
B.heard
C.heardon
D.heardabout
3.Wemusthurryup,andtheplanewill_______infiveminutes.
A.leave
B.go
C.takeoff
D.landson
4.Ted_______whilehe_______hisbicycleandhurthimself.
A.fell,wasriding
B.hadfallen,rode
C.fell,wereriding
D.hadfallen,wasriding
5.ThereportersaidthattheUFO_______easttowestwhenhesawit.
A.wastraveling
B.traveled
C.hadbeentraveling
D.hastraveled
6.WhenIarrivedathisoffice,he_______onthephone.
A.spoke
B.wasspeaking
C.hadbeenspeaking
D.hadspoken
7.There’ssomepolicemenoverthere.What_______?
A.happened
B.takingplace
C.happening
D.washappening
8.Look!
Heissitting_______hiscaranddrivingcarefully.
A.infrontof
B.Inthefrontof
C.infront
D.inthefront
9.Shesaidshe_______apaperkiteat7:
00yesterday.
A.makes
B.ismaking
C.willmake
D.wasmaking
10.I_______onthephonewhenafriendwentintoabarber'sshop.
A.talked
B.wastalking
C.talk
D.istalking
11.Whatabout_______moretreestokeeptheairclean?
A.toplant
B.plant
C.planting
D.planted
12.WhentheUFOtook_______,thegirlwasintheshop.
A.out
B.off
C.on
D.up
13.Itwillbe_______toworkoutthisprobleminsomeyears.
A.enougheasy
B.easilyenough
C.easyenough
D.veryeasily
14.How_______Iwasatthattime!
A.surprised
B.surprise
C.surprising
D.surprise
15.Iamsorryyou'vemissedthetrain.It_______tenminutesago.
A.left
B.wasleaving
C.willleave
D.leaves
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